Dr Imogen Whittam

Abstract:

Empirical simulations based on extrapolations from well-established low-frequency (<5 GHz) surveys fail to accurately model the faint, high frequency (>10 GHz) source population; they underpredict the number of observed sources by a factor of 2 below S18GHz = 10 mJy and fail to reproduce the observed spectral index distribution. We suggest that this is because the faint radio galaxies are not modelled correctly in the simulations and show that by adding a flat-spectrum core component to the Fanaroff and Riley type-I (FRI) sources in the Square Kilometre Array (SKA) Simulated Skies, the observed 15 GHz source counts can be reproduced. We find that the observations are best matched by assuming that the fraction of the total 1.4 GHz flux density that originates from the core varies with 1.4 GHz luminosity; sources with 1.4 GHz luminosities < 1025 W Hz − 1 require a core fraction ∼0.3, while the more luminous sources require a much smaller core fraction of 5 × 10−4. The low luminosity FRI sources with high core fractions that were not included in the original simulation may be equivalent to the compact ‘FR0’ sources found in recent studies.

Abstract:

Abstract Radio continuum surveys provide samples of active galactic nuclei (AGN) and star forming galaxies (SFGs) to high redshifts, free of biases due to dust obscuration. However, radio detected sources require multi-wavelength counterparts to understand their intrinsic properties (e.g. redshift, stellar mass) and to study the evolution of star formation and AGN activity. In this work we present host galaxy counterparts for the MeerKAT International GHz Tiered Extragalactic Exploration (MIGHTEE) survey continuum Data Release 1 in regions with the best ancillary data (totalling 7.5 sq. deg). We combine statistical cross-matching and visual inspection to identify Ks-band selected host galaxies, and additionally combine multiple radio components into single physical objects, where needed. This results in a combined radio catalogue of ~66 000 sources, with host counterparts and redshifts identified for ~95 per cent of sources in the COSMOS field, ~91 per cent in XMM-LSS and ~90 per cent in CDFS-DEEP. This includes a significant fraction of sources with spectroscopic redshifts within the COSMOS field (~50 per cent), with ~30 and ~20 per cent in the XMM-LSS and CDFS-DEEP fields respectively. Using the cross-matched catalogue, we make an initial identification of radio-excess and star forming galaxies based on comparisons of the radio luminosities to host star formation rates. Using this split as a proxy for radio loud AGN or SFGs, we present expectations for the redshift distributions of these sources, finding broad agreement with those from deep radio luminosity functions and simulated catalogues.

Abstract:

Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) standardization parameters exhibit evidence for systematic variation across the host galaxy star formation rate–stellar mass (SFR) plane, motivating the incorporation of galaxy SFR information in cosmological inference. SFRs are commonly estimated via spectral energy distribution (SED) fitting with far-infrared (FIR) measurements to account for dust-obscured star formation. Such FIR coverage will, however, be limited for upcoming time-domain surveys such as the Rubin Observatory Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST), necessitating the use of alternative SFR tracers. Here, we reconstruct the SFR– plane using 1.4 GHz diagnostics, to test the consistency of host classifications against FIR-constrained SED-based estimates. Within this plane, SN Ia host galaxies are divided into three regions: Region 1 (low mass), Region 2 (high-mass star forming), and Region 3 (high-mass passive). We find that per cent of SN hosts retain identical region assignments when using radio versus FIR-constrained SED-derived SFRs. Measuring SN Ia nuisance parameters () within each subregion, we find consistent values between the two SFR– plane reconstructions, indicating limited sensitivity to SFR estimator choice, with the largest deviations in Region 3 at . Across the three 1.4 GHz SFR– subregions, we confirm the region-dependent variation in SN Ia standardization parameters – particularly – reported in our earlier SED-based analysis. With near-complete radio coverage of the LSST footprint anticipated from current and forthcoming radio continuum surveys (e.g. Square Kilometre Array), radio SFR calibrations will become an increasingly useful and scalable approach to host galaxy classification, supporting the construction of robust SN Ia subsamples for precision cosmology.