Development, characterisation, and deployment of the SNO+ liquid
scintillator
JINST
Authors:
SNO Collaboration, MR Anderson, S Andringa, L Anselmo, E Arushanova, S Asahi, M Askins, DJ Auty, AR Back, Z Barnard, N Barros, D Bartlett, F Barão, R Bayes, EW Beier, A Bialek, SD Biller, E Blucher, R Bonventre, M Boulay, D Braid, E Caden, EJ Callaghan, J Caravaca, J Carvalho, L Cavalli, D Chauhan, M Chen, O Chkvorets, KJ Clark, B Cleveland, D Cookman, C Connors, IT Coulter, MA Cox, D Cressy, X Dai, C Darrach, B Davis-Purcell, C Deluce, MM Depatie, F Descamps, J Dittmer, F Di Lodovico, N Duhaime, F Duncan, J Dunger, AD Earle, D Fabris, E Falk, A Farrugia, N Fatemighomi, V Fischer, E Fletcher, R Ford, K Frankiewicz, N Gagnon, A Gaur, K Gilje, OI González-Reina, D Gooding, P Gorel, K Graham, C Grant, J Grove, S Grullon, E Guillian, S Hall, AL Hallin, D Hallman, S Hans, J Hartnell, P Harvey, M Hedayatipour, WJ Heintzelman, J Heise, RL Helmer, D Horne, B Hreljac, J Hu, ASM Hussain, T Iida, AS Inácio, M Jackson, NA Jelley, CJ Jillings, C Jones, PG Jones, K Kamdin, T Kaptanoglu, J Kaspar, K Keeter, C Kefelian, P Khaghani, L Kippenbrock, JR Klein, R Knapik, J Kofron, LL Kormos, S Korte, B Krar, C Kraus, CB Krauss, T Kroupova, K Labe, F Lafleur, I Lam, C Lan, BJ Land, R Lane, S Langrock, A LaTorre, I Lawson, L Lebanowski, GM Lefeuvre, EJ Leming, A Li, J Lidgard, B Liggins, YH Lin, X Liu, Y Liu, V Lozza, M Luo, S Maguire, A Maio, K Majumdar, S Manecki, J Maneira, RD Martin, E Marzec, A Mastbaum, J Mauel, N McCauley, AB McDonald, P Mekarski, M Meyer, C Miller, C Mills, M Mlejnek, E Mony, I Morton-Blake, MJ Mottram, S Nae, M Nirkko, LJ Nolan, VM Novikov, HM O'Keeffe, E O'Sullivan, GD Orebi Gann, MJ Parnell, J Paton, SJM Peeters, T Pershing, Z Petriw, J Petzoldt, L Pickard, D Pracsovics, G Prior, JC Prouty, S Quirk, A Reichold, S Riccetto, R Richardson, M Rigan, A Robertson, J Rose, R Rosero, PM Rost, J Rumleskie, MA Schumaker, MH Schwendener, D Scislowski, J Secrest, M Seddighin, L Segui, S Seibert, I Semenec, F Shaker, T Shantz, MK Sharma, TM Shokair, L Sibley, JR Sinclair, K Singh, P Skensved, M Smiley, T Sonley, R Stainforth, M Strait, MI Stringer, R Svoboda, A Sörensen, B Tam, J Tatar, L Tian, N Tolich, J Tseng, HWC Tseung, E Turner, R Van Berg, JGC Veinot, CJ Virtue, B von Krosigk, E Vázquez-Jáuregui, JMG Walker, M Walker, SC Walton, J Wang, M Ward, O Wasalski, J Waterfield, JJ Weigand, RF White, JR Wilson, TJ Winchester, P Woosaree, A Wright, JP Yanez, M Yeh, T Zhang, Y Zhang, T Zhao, K Zuber, A Zummo
Abstract:
A liquid scintillator consisting of linear alkylbenzene as the solvent and
2,5-diphenyloxazole as the fluor was developed for the SNO+ experiment. This
mixture was chosen as it is compatible with acrylic and has a competitive light
yield to pre-existing liquid scintillators while conferring other advantages
including longer attenuation lengths, superior safety characteristics, chemical
simplicity, ease of handling, and logistical availability. Its properties have
been extensively characterized and are presented here. This liquid scintillator
is now used in several neutrino physics experiments in addition to SNO+.
