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A pyramidal magneto-optical trap as a source of slow atoms

Optics Communications 157:1-6 (1998) 303-309

Authors:

JJ Arlt, O Maragö, S Webster, S Hopkins, CJ Foot

Abstract:

We have constructed and characterised a novel source of slow atoms based on a pyramidal magneto optical trap with a small hole at its vertex. Atoms are first captured in the trap and then pushed through the hole by a laser beam. The size and velocity of the resulting pulses of atoms were measured. The flux of cold atoms was 1.1 × 109 atoms/s and the apparatus is readily scaleable to obtain higher fluxes. © 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
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Observation of Bc mesons in pp̄ collisions at √s = 1.8 TeV

Physical Review D - Particles, Fields, Gravitation and Cosmology 58:11 (1998)

Authors:

F Abe, H Akimoto, A Akopian, MG Albrow, A Amadon, SR Amendolia, D Amidei, J Antos, S Aota, G Apollinari, T Arisawa, T Asakawa, W Ashmanskas, M Atac, P Azzi-Bacchetta, N Bacchetta, S Bagdasarov, MW Bailey, P de Barbaro, A Barbaro-Galtieri, VE Barnes, BA Barnett, M Barone, G Bauer, T Baumann, F Bedeschi, S Behrends, S Belforte, G Bellettini, J Bellinger, D Benjamin, J Bensinger, A Beretvas, JP Berge, J Berryhill, S Bertolucci, S Bettelli, B Bevensee, A Bhatti, K Biery, C Bigongiari, M Binkley, D Bisello, RE Blair, C Blocker, S Blusk, A Bodek, W Bokhari, G Bolla, Y Bonushkin, D Bortoletto, J Boudreau, L Breccia, C Bromberg, N Bruner, R Brunetti, E Buckley-Geer, HS Budd, K Burkett, G Busetto, A Byon-Wagner, KL Byrum, M Campbell, A Caner, W Carithers, D Carlsmith, J Cassada, A Castro, D Cauz, A Cerri, PS Chang, PT Chang, HY Chao, J Chapman, MT Cheng, M Chertok, G Chiarelli, CN Chiou, F Chlebana, L Christofek, ML Chu, S Cihangir, AG Clark, M Cobal, E Cocca, M Contreras, J Conway, J Cooper, M Cordelli, D Costanzo, C Couyoumtzelis, D Cronin-Hennessy, R Culbertson, D Dagenhart, T Daniels, F de Jongh, S dell'Agnello, M dell'Orso, R Demina, L Demortier

Abstract:

We report the observation of bottom-charmed mesons Bc ni 1.8 TeV pp̄ collisions using the CDF detector at the Fermilab Tevatron. The Bc mesons were found through their semileptonic decays, B±c → J/ψl± X. A fit to the J/ψl mass distribution yielded 20.4+6.2-5.5 events from Bc mesons. A test of the null hypothesis, i.e., an attempt to fit the data with background alone, was rejected at the level of 4.8 standard deviations. By studying the quality of the fit as a function of the assumed Bc mass, we determined M(Bc) = 6.40 ±0.39 (stat.)±0.13 (syst) GeV/c2. From the distribution of trilepton intersection points in the plane transverse to the beam direction we measure the Bc lifetime to be τ(Bc) = 0.46+0.18-0.16 (stat)±0.03 (syst) ps. We also measured the ratio of production cross section times branching fraction for B+c → J/ψl+ v relative to that for B+ → J/ψK+ to be σ(Bc)×B(B c→J/ψlv)/σ(B)×B(B→J/ψK) = 0.132+0.041-0.037 (stat)±0.031 (syst)+0.032-0.020(lifetime).
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Observation of Bc mesons in pp¯ collisions at s=1.8 TeV

Physical Review D American Physical Society (APS) 58:11 (1998) 112004

Authors:

F Abe, H Akimoto, A Akopian, MG Albrow, A Amadon, SR Amendolia, D Amidei, J Antos, S Aota, G Apollinari, T Arisawa, T Asakawa, W Ashmanskas, M Atac, P Azzi-Bacchetta, N Bacchetta, S Bagdasarov, MW Bailey, P de Barbaro, A Barbaro-Galtieri, VE Barnes, BA Barnett, M Barone, G Bauer, T Baumann, F Bedeschi, S Behrends, S Belforte, G Bellettini, J Bellinger, D Benjamin, J Bensinger, A Beretvas, JP Berge, J Berryhill, S Bertolucci, S Bettelli, B Bevensee, A Bhatti, K Biery, C Bigongiari, M Binkley, D Bisello, RE Blair, C Blocker, S Blusk, A Bodek, W Bokhari, G Bolla, Y Bonushkin, D Bortoletto, J Boudreau, L Breccia, C Bromberg, N Bruner, R Brunetti, E Buckley-Geer, HS Budd, K Burkett, G Busetto, A Byon-Wagner, KL Byrum, M Campbell, A Caner, W Carithers, D Carlsmith, J Cassada, A Castro, D Cauz, A Cerri, PS Chang, PT Chang, HY Chao, J Chapman, M-T Cheng, M Chertok, G Chiarelli, CN Chiou, F Chlebana, L Christofek, ML Chu, S Cihangir, AG Clark, M Cobal, E Cocca, M Contreras, J Conway, J Cooper, M Cordelli, D Costanzo, C Couyoumtzelis, D Cronin-Hennessy, R Culbertson, D Dagenhart, T Daniels, F DeJongh, S Dell’Agnello, M Dell’Orso, R Demina, L Demortier, M Deninno, PF Derwent, T Devlin, JR Dittmann, S Donati, J Done, T Dorigo, N Eddy, K Einsweiler, JE Elias, R Ely, E Engels, W Erdmann, D Errede, S Errede, Q Fan, RG Feild, Z Feng, C Ferretti, I Fiori, B Flaugher, GW Foster, M Franklin, J Freeman, J Friedman, Y Fukui, S Gadomski, S Galeotti, M Gallinaro, O Ganel, M Garcia-Sciveres, AF Garfinkel, C Gay, S Geer, DW Gerdes, P Giannetti, N Giokaris, P Giromini, G Giusti, M Gold, A Gordon, AT Goshaw, Y Gotra, K Goulianos, H Grassmann, L Groer, C Grosso-Pilcher, G Guillian, J Guimaraes da Costa, RS Guo, C Haber, E Hafen, SR Hahn, R Hamilton, T Handa, R Handler, F Happacher, K Hara, AD Hardman, RM Harris, F Hartmann, J Hauser, E Hayashi, J Heinrich, W Hao, B Hinrichsen, KD Hoffman, M Hohlmann, C Holck, R Hollebeek, L Holloway, Z Huang, BT Huffman, R Hughes, J Huston, J Huth, H Ikeda, M Incagli, J Incandela, G Introzzi, J Iwai, Y Iwata, E James, H Jensen, U Joshi, E Kajfasz, H Kambara, T Kamon, T Kaneko, K Karr, H Kasha, Y Kato, TA Keaffaber, K Kelley, RD Kennedy, R Kephart, D Kestenbaum, D Khazins, T Kikuchi, BJ Kim, HS Kim, SH Kim, YK Kim, L Kirsch, S Klimenko, D Knoblauch, P Koehn, A Köngeter, K Kondo, J Konigsberg, K Kordas, A Korytov, E Kovacs, W Kowald, J Kroll, M Kruse, SE Kuhlmann, E Kuns, K Kurino, T Kuwabara, AT Laasanen, S Lami, S Lammel, JI Lamoureux, M Lancaster, M Lanzoni, G Latino, T LeCompte, S Leone, JD Lewis, P Limon, M Lindgren, TM Liss, JB Liu, YC Liu, N Lockyer, O Long, C Loomis, M Loreti, D Lucchesi, P Lukens, S Lusin, J Lys, K Maeshima, P Maksimovic, M Mangano, M Mariotti, JP Marriner, A Martin, JAJ Matthews, P Mazzanti, P McIntyre, P Melese, M Menguzzato, A Menzione, E Meschi, S Metzler, C Miao, T Miao, G Michail, R Miller, H Minato, S Miscetti, M Mishina, S Miyashita, N Moggi, E Moore, Y Morita, A Mukherjee, T Muller, P Murat, S Murgia, H Nakada, I Nakano, C Nelson, D Neuberger, C Newman-Holmes, C-YP Ngan, L Nodulman, A Nomerotski, SH Oh, T Ohmoto, T Ohsugi, R Oishi, M Okabe, T Okusawa, J Olsen, C Pagliarone, R Paoletti, V Papadimitriou, SP Pappas, N Parashar, A Parri, J Patrick, G Pauletta, M Paulini, A Perazzo, L Pescara, MD Peters, TJ Phillips, G Piacentino, M Pillai, KT Pitts, R Plunkett, A Pompos, L Pondrom, J Proudfoot, F Ptohos, G Punzi, K Ragan, D Reher, M Reischl, A Ribon, F Rimondi, L Ristori, WJ Robertson, T Rodrigo, S Rolli, L Rosenson, R Roser, T Saab, WK Sakumoto, D Saltzberg, A Sansoni, L Santi, H Sato, P Schlabach, EE Schmidt, MP Schmidt, A Scott, A Scribano, S Segler, S Seidel, Y Seiya, F Semeria, T Shah, MD Shapiro, NM Shaw, PF Shepard, T Shibayama, M Shimojima, M Shochet, J Siegrist, A Sill, P Sinervo, P Singh, K Sliwa, C Smith, FD Snider, J Spalding, T Speer, P Sphicas, F Spinella, M Spiropulu, L Spiegel, L Stanco, J Steele, A Stefanini, R Ströhmer, J Strologas, F Strumia, D Stuart, K Sumorok, J Suzuki, T Suzuki, T Takahashi, T Takano, R Takashima, K Takikawa, M Tanaka, B Tannenbaum, F Tartarelli, W Taylor, M Tecchio, PK Teng, Y Teramoto, K Terashi, S Tether, D Theriot, TL Thomas, R Thurman-Keup, M Timko, P Tipton, A Titov, S Tkaczyk, D Toback, K Tollefson, A Tollestrup, H Toyoda, W Trischuk, JF de Troconiz, S Truitt, J Tseng, N Turini, T Uchida, F Ukegawa, J Valls, SC van den Brink, S Vejcik, G Velev, R Vidal, R Vilar, D Vucinic, RG Wagner, RL Wagner, J Wahl, NB Wallace, AM Walsh, C Wang, CH Wang, MJ Wang, A Warburton, T Watanabe, T Watts, R Webb, C Wei, H Wenzel, WC Wester, AB Wicklund, E Wicklund, R Wilkinson, HH Williams, P Wilson, BL Winer, D Winn, D Wolinski, J Wolinski, S Worm, X Wu, J Wyss, A Yagil, W Yao, K Yasuoka, GP Yeh, P Yeh, J Yoh, C Yosef, T Yoshida, I Yu, A Zanetti, F Zetti, S Zucchelli
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Search for Second Generation Leptoquarks in the Dimuon Plus Dijet Channel of pp¯ Collisions at √s=1.8 TeV

Physical Review Letters American Physical Society (APS) 81:22 (1998) 4806-4811

Authors:

F Abe, H Akimoto, A Akopian, MG Albrow, A Amadon, SR Amendolia, D Amidei, J Antos, S Aota, G Apollinari, T Arisawa, T Asakawa, W Ashmanskas, M Atac, P Azzi-Bacchetta, N Bacchetta, S Bagdasarov, MW Bailey, P de Barbaro, A Barbaro-Galtieri, VE Barnes, BA Barnett, M Barone, G Bauer, T Baumann, F Bedeschi, S Behrends, S Belforte, G Bellettini, J Bellinger, D Benjamin, J Bensinger, A Beretvas, JP Berge, J Berryhill, S Bertolucci, S Bettelli, B Bevensee, A Bhatti, K Biery, C Bigongiari, M Binkley, D Bisello, RE Blair, C Blocker, S Blusk, A Bodek, W Bokhari, G Bolla, Y Bonushkin, D Bortoletto, J Boudreau, L Breccia, C Bromberg, N Bruner, R Brunetti, E Buckley-Geer, HS Budd, K Burkett, G Busetto, A Byon-Wagner, KL Byrum, M Campbell, A Caner, W Carithers, D Carlsmith, J Cassada, A Castro, D Cauz, A Cerri, PS Chang, PT Chang, HY Chao, J Chapman, M-T Cheng, M Chertok, G Chiarelli, CN Chiou, F Chlebana, L Christofek, ML Chu, S Cihangir, AG Clark, M Cobal, E Cocca, M Contreras, J Conway, J Cooper, M Cordelli, D Costanzo, C Couyoumtzelis, D Cronin-Hennessy, R Culbertson, D Dagenhart, T Daniels, F DeJongh, S Dell'Agnello, M Dell'Orso, R Demina, L Demortier, M Deninno, PF Derwent, T Devlin, JR Dittmann, S Donati, J Done, T Dorigo, N Eddy, K Einsweiler, JE Elias, R Ely, E Engels, W Erdmann, D Errede, S Errede, Q Fan, RG Feild, Z Feng, C Ferretti, I Fiori, B Flaugher, GW Foster, M Franklin, J Freeman, J Friedman, H Frisch, Y Fukui, S Gadomski, S Galeotti, M Gallinaro, O Ganel, M Garcia-Sciveres, AF Garfinkel, C Gay, S Geer, DW Gerdes, P Giannetti, N Giokaris, P Giromini, G Giusti, M Gold, A Gordon, AT Goshaw, Y Gotra, K Goulianos, H Grassmann, L Groer, C Grosso-Pilcher, G Guillian, J Guimaraes da Costa, R Guo, C Haber, E Hafen, SR Hahn, R Hamilton, T Handa, R Handler, F Happacher, K Hara, AD Hardman, RM Harris, F Hartmann, J Hauser, E Hayashi, J Heinrich, W Hao, B Hinrichsen, KD Hoffman, M Hohlmann, C Holck, R Hollebeek, L Holloway, Z Huang, BT Huffman, R Hughes, J Huston, J Huth, H Ikeda, M Incagli, J Incandela, G Introzzi, J Iwai, Y Iwata, E James, H Jensen, U Joshi, E Kajfasz, H Kambara, T Kamon, T Kaneko, K Karr, H Kasha, Y Kato, TA Keaffaber, K Kelley, RD Kennedy, R Kephart, D Kestenbaum, D Khazins, T Kikuchi, BJ Kim, HS Kim, SH Kim, YK Kim, L Kirsch, S Klimenko, D Knoblauch, P Koehn, A Köngeter, K Kondo, J Konigsberg, K Kordas, A Korytov, E Kovacs, W Kowald, J Kroll, M Kruse, SE Kuhlmann, E Kuns, K Kurino, T Kuwabara, AT Laasanen, S Lami, S Lammel, JI Lamoureux, M Lancaster, M Lanzoni, G Latino, T LeCompte, S Leone, JD Lewis, P Limon, M Lindgren, TM Liss, JB Liu, YC Liu, N Lockyer, O Long, C Loomis, M Loreti, D Lucchesi, P Lukens, S Lusin, J Lys, K Maeshima, P Maksimovic, M Mangano, M Mariotti, JP Marriner, G Martignon, A Martin, JAJ Matthews, P Mazzanti, P McIntyre, P Melese, M Menguzzato, A Menzione, E Meschi, S Metzler, C Miao, T Miao, G Michail, R Miller, H Minato, S Miscetti, M Mishina, S Miyashita, N Moggi, E Moore, Y Morita, A Mukherjee, T Muller, P Murat, S Murgia, M Musy, H Nakada, I Nakano, C Nelson, D Neuberger, C Newman-Holmes, C-YP Ngan, L Nodulman, A Nomerotski, SH Oh, T Ohmoto, T Ohsugi, R Oishi, M Okabe, T Okusawa, J Olsen, C Pagliarone, R Paoletti, V Papadimitriou, SP Pappas, N Parashar, A Parri, J Patrick, G Pauletta, M Paulini, A Perazzo, L Pescara, MD Peters, TJ Phillips, G Piacentino, M Pillai, KT Pitts, R Plunkett, A Pompos, L Pondrom, J Proudfoot, F Ptohos, G Punzi, K Ragan, D Reher, M Reischl, A Ribon, F Rimondi, L Ristori, WJ Robertson, T Rodrigo, S Rolli, L Rosenson, R Roser, T Saab, WK Sakumoto, D Saltzberg, A Sansoni, L Santi, H Sato, P Schlabach, EE Schmidt, MP Schmidt, A Scott, A Scribano, S Segler, S Seidel, Y Seiya, F Semeria, T Shah, MD Shapiro, NM Shaw, PF Shepard, T Shibayama, M Shimojima, M Shochet, J Siegrist, A Sill, P Sinervo, P Singh, K Sliwa, C Smith, FD Snider, J Spalding, T Speer, P Sphicas, F Spinella, M Spiropulu, L Spiegel, L Stanco, J Steele, A Stefanini, R Ströhmer, J Strologas, F Strumia, D Stuart, K Sumorok, J Suzuki, T Suzuki, T Takahashi, T Takano, R Takashima, K Takikawa, M Tanaka, B Tannenbaum, F Tartarelli, W Taylor, M Tecchio, PK Teng, Y Teramoto, K Terashi, S Tether, D Theriot, TL Thomas, R Thurman-Keup, M Timko, P Tipton, A Titov, S Tkaczyk, D Toback, K Tollefson, A Tollestrup, H Toyoda, W Trischuk, JF de Troconiz, S Truitt, J Tseng, N Turini, T Uchida, F Ukegawa, J Valls, SC van den Brink, S Vejcik, G Velev, R Vidal, R Vilar, D Vucinic, RG Wagner, RL Wagner, J Wahl, NB Wallace, AM Walsh, C Wang, CH Wang, MJ Wang, A Warburton, T Watanabe, T Watts, R Webb, C Wei, H Wenzel, WC Wester, AB Wicklund, E Wicklund, R Wilkinson, HH Williams, P Wilson, BL Winer, D Winn, D Wolinski, J Wolinski, S Worm, X Wu, J Wyss, A Yagil, W Yao, K Yasuoka, GP Yeh, P Yeh, J Yoh, C Yosef, T Yoshida, I Yu, A Zanetti, F Zetti, S Zucchelli
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Neutrino Masses from Large Extra Dimensions

ArXiv hep-ph/9811448 (1998)

Authors:

Nima Arkani-Hamed, Savas Dimopoulos, Gia Dvali, John March-Russell

Abstract:

Recently it was proposed that the standard model (SM) degrees of freedom reside on a $(3+1)$-dimensional wall or ``3-brane'' embedded in a higher-dimensional spacetime. Furthermore, in this picture it is possible for the fundamental Planck mass $\mst$ to be as small as the weak scale $\mst\simeq O(\tev)$ and the observed weakness of gravity at long distances is due the existence of new sub-millimeter spatial dimensions. We show that in this picture it is natural to expect neutrino masses to occur in the $10^{-1} - 10^{-4}\ev$ range, despite the lack of any fundamental scale higher than $\mst$. Such suppressed neutrino masses are not the result of a see-saw, but have intrinsically higher-dimensional explanations. We explore two possibilities. The first mechanism identifies any massless bulk fermions as right-handed neutrinos. These give naturally small Dirac masses for the same reason that gravity is weak at long distances in this framework. The second mechanism takes advantage of the large {\it infrared} desert: the space in the extra dimensions. Here, small Majorana neutrino masses are generated by breaking lepton number on distant branes.
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