First Measurement of $π^+$-Ar and $p$-Ar Total Inelastic Cross Sections in the Sub-GeV Energy Regime with ProtoDUNE-SP Data
(2026)
Authors:
DUNE Collaboration, S Abbaslu, F Abd Alrahman, A Abed Abud, R Acciarri, LP Accorsi, MA Acero, MR Adames, G Adamov, M Adamowski, C Adriano, F Akbar, F Alemanno, NS Alex, L Aliaga Soplin, K Allison, M Alrashed, A Alton, R Alvarez, T Alves, A Aman, H Amar, P Amedo, J Anderson, DA Andrade, C Andreopoulos, M Andreotti, MP Andrews, F Andrianala, S Andringa, F Anjarazafy, S Ansarifard, D Antic, M Antoniassi, A Aranda-Fernandez, T Araya-Santander, L Arellano, E Arrieta Diaz, MA Arroyave, M Artero Pons, J Asaadi, M Ascencio, A Ashkenazi, D Asner, L Asquith, E Atkin, D Auguste, A Aurisano, V Aushev, D Autiero, D Ávila Gómez, MB Azam, F Azfar, JJ Back, Y Bae, I Bagaturia, L Bagby, D Baigarashev, S Balasubramanian, A Balboni, P Baldi, W Baldini, J Baldonedo, B Baller, B Bambah, F Barao, D Barbu, G Barenboim, P Barham Alzás, GJ Barker, W Barkhouse, G Barr, A Barros, N Barros, D Barrow, JL Barrow, A Basharina-Freshville, A Bashyal, V Basque, M Bassani, D Basu, C Batchelor, L Bathe-Peters, JBR Battat, F Battisti, J Bautista, F Bay, JLL Bazo Alba, JF Beacom, E Bechetoille, B Behera, E Belchior, B Bell, G Bell, L Bellantoni, G Bellettini, V Bellini, O Beltramello, A Belyaev, C Benitez Montiel, D Benjamin, F Bento Neves, J Berger, S Berkman, J Bermudez, J Bernal, P Bernardini, A Bersani, E Bertholet, E Bertolini, S Bertolucci, M Betancourt, A Betancur Rodríguez, Y Bezawada, AT Bezerra, A Bhat, V Bhatnagar, M Bhattacharjee, S Bhattacharjee, M Bhattacharya, S Bhuller, B Bhuyan, S Biagi, J Bian, K Biery, B Bilki, M Bishai, P Bishop, A Blake, FD Blaszczyk, GC Blazey, E Blucher, A Bodek, B Bogart, J Boissevain, S Bolognesi, T Bolton, L Bomben, M Bonesini, C Bonilla-Diaz, A Booth, F Boran, C Borden, R Borges Merlo, N Bostan, G Botogoske, B Bottino, R Bouet, J Boza, J Bracinik, B Brahma, D Brailsford, F Bramati, A Branca, A Brandt, J Bremer, SJ Brice, V Brio, C Brizzolari, C Bromberg, J Brooke, A Bross, G Brunetti, MB Brunetti, N Buchanan, H Budd, J Buergi, A Bundock, D Burgardt, S Butchart, G Caceres V., R Calabrese, R Calabrese, J Calcutt, L Calivers, E Calvo, A Caminata, AF Camino, W Campanelli, A Campani, A Campos Benitez, N Canci, J Capó, I Caracas, D Caratelli, D Carber, JM Carceller, G Carini, B Carlus, MF Carneiro, P Carniti, I Caro Terrazas, H Carranza, N Carrara, L Carroll, T Carroll, A Carter, E Casarejos, D Casazza, JF Castaño Forero, FA Castaño, C Castromonte, E Catano-Mur, C Cattadori, F Cavalier, F Cavanna, EF Ceceña-Avendaño, S Centro, G Cerati, C Cerna, A Cervelli, A Cervera Villanueva, J Chakrani, M Chalifour, A Chappell, A Chatterjee, B Chauhan, C Chavez Barajas, H Chen, M Chen, WC Chen, Y Chen, Z Chen, D Cherdack, SS Chhibra, C Chi, F Chiapponi, R Chirco, N Chitirasreemadam, K Cho, S Choate, G Choi, D Chokheli, PS Chong, B Chowdhury, D Christian, M Chung, E Church, MF Cicala, M Cicerchia, V Cicero, R Ciolini, P Clarke, G Cline, AG Cocco, JAB Coelho, A Cohen, J Collazo, J Collot, H Combs, JM Conrad, L Conti, T Contreras, M Convery, K Conway, S Copello, P Cova, C Cox, L Cremonesi, JI Crespo-Anadón, M Crisler, E Cristaldo, J Crnkovic, G Crone, R Cross, T Cruz, A Cudd, C Cuesta, Y Cui, F Curciarello, D Cussans, J Dai, O Dalager, W Dallaway, R D'Amico, H da Motta, ZA Dar, R Darby, L Da Silva Peres, Q David, GS Davies, S Davini, J Dawson, R De Aguiar, P Debbins, MP Decowski, A de Gouvêa, PC De Holanda, P De Jong, P Del Amo Sanchez, G De Lauretis, A Delbart, M Delgado, A Dell'Acqua, G Delle Monache, N Delmonte, P De Lurgio, G De Matteis, JRT de Mello Neto, APA De Mendonca, DM DeMuth, S Dennis, C Densham, P Denton, GW Deptuch, A De Roeck, V De Romeri, JP Detje, J Devine, K Dhanmeher, R Dharmapalan, M Dias, A Diaz, JS Díaz, F Díaz, F Di Capua, A Di Domenico, S Di Domizio, S Di Falco, L Di Giulio, P Ding, L Di Noto, E Diociaiuti, G Di Sciascio, V Di Silvestre, C Distefano, R Di Stefano, R Diurba, M Diwan, Z Djurcic, S Dolan, M Dolce, MJ Dolinski, D Domenici, S Dominguez, S Donati, S Doran, D Douglas, TA Doyle, F Drielsma, DJ Drobner, D Duchesneau, K Duffy, K Dugas, P Dunne, B Dutta, DA Dwyer, AS Dyshkant, S Dytman, M Eads, A Earle, S Edayath, D Edmunds, J Eisch, S Elias, W Emark, P Englezos, A Ereditato, T Erjavec, CO Escobar, JJ Evans, E Ewart, AC Ezeribe, K Fahey, A Falcone, M Fani', D Faragher, C Farnese, Y Farzan, J Felix, Y Feng, M Ferreira da Silva, G Ferry, E Fialova, L Fields, P Filip, A Filkins, F Filthaut, G Fiorillo, M Fiorini, S Fogarty, W Foreman, B Fossing, J Fowler, J Franc, K Francis, D Franco, J Franklin, J Freeman, J Fried, A Friedland, M Fucci, S Fuess, IK Furic, K Furman, AP Furmanski, R Gaba, A Gabrielli, AM Gago, F Galizzi, H Gallagher, M Galli, N Gallice, V Galymov, E Gamberini, T Gamble, R Gan, R Gandhi, S Ganguly, F Gao, S Gao, A Garcia, D Garcia-Gamez, MÁ García-Peris, F Gardim, S Gardiner, A Gartman, A Gauch, P Gauzzi, G Ge, N Geffroy, B Gelli, S Gent, L Gerlach, A Ghosh, T Giammaria, D Gibin, I Gil-Botella, A Gioiosa, S Giovannella, AK Giri, V Giusti, D Gnani, O Gogota, S Gollapinni, K Gollwitzer, RA Gomes, LS Gomez Fajardo, D Gonzalez-Diaz, J Gonzalez-Santome, MC Goodman, S Goswami, C Gotti, J Goudeau, C Grace, E Gramellini, R Gran, P Granger, C Grant, DR Gratieri, G Grauso, P Green, S Greenberg, WC Griffith, A Gruber, K Grzelak, L Gu, W Gu, V Guarino, M Guarise, R Guenette, M Guerzoni, D Guffanti, A Guglielmi, FY Guo, A Gupta, V Gupta, G Gurung, D Gutierrez, P Guzowski, MM Guzzo, S Gwon, A Habig, L Haegel, R Hafeji, L Hagaman, A Hahn, J Hakenmüller, A Hambardzumyan, T Hamernik, P Hamilton, J Hancock, M Handley, F Happacher, B Harris, DA Harris, L Harris, AL Hart, J Hartnell, T Hartnett, J Harton, T Hasegawa, CM Hasnip, K Hassinin, R Hatcher, S Hawkins, J Hays, M He, A Heavey, KM Heeger, A Heindel, J Heise, P Hellmuth, L Henderson, J Hernández, MA Hernandez Morquecho, K Herner, V Hewes, A Higuera, K Hildebrandt, A Himmel, E Hinkle, LR Hirsch, J Ho, J Hoefken Zink, J Hoff, A Holin, T Holvey, C Hong, S Horiuchi, GA Horton-Smith, R Hosokawa, T Houdy, B Howard, I Hristova, MS Hronek, Y Hua, J Huang, RG Huang, X Huang, Z Hulcher, A Hussain, G Iles, N Ilic, AM Iliescu, R Illingworth, F Imamoglu, G Ingratta, A Ioannisian, M Ismerio Oliveira, CM Jackson, A Jacobi, V Jain, E James, W Jang, B Jargowsky, D Jena, I Jentz, C Jiang, J Jiang, A Jipa, JH Jo, FR Joaquim, W Johnson, C Jollet, R Jones, M Joshi, N Jovancevic, M Judah, CK Jung, KY Jung, T Junk, Y Jwa, M Kabirnezhad, AC Kaboth, I Kadenko, O Kalikulov, D Kalra, M Kandemir, S Kar, G Karagiorgi, G Karaman, A Karcher, Y Karyotakis, SP Kasetti, L Kashur, A Kauther, N Kazaryan, L Ke, E Kearns, PT Keener, KJ Kelly, R Keloth, O Kemularia, J Kerby, Y Kermaidic, W Ketchum, SH Kettell, N Khan, A Khvedelidze, D Kim, J Kim, MJ Kim, S Kim, B King, M King, M Kirby, A Kish, J Klein, J Kleykamp, A Klustova, T Kobilarcik, L Koch, K Koehler, LW Koerner, DH Koh, M Kordosky, T Kosc, VA Kostelecký, I Kotler, W Krah, R Kralik, M Kramer, F Krennrich, T Kroupova, S Kubota, M Kubu, VA Kudryavtsev, G Kufatty, S Kuhlmann, A Kumar, J Kumar, M Kumar, P Kumar, P Kumar, S Kumaran, J Kunzmann, V Kus, T Kutter, J Kvasnicka, T Labree, M Lachat, T Lackey, I Lalău, A Lambert, BJ Land, CE Lane, N Lane, K Lang, M Langstaff, F Lanni, J Larkin, P Lasorak, D Last, A Laundrie, G Laurenti, E Lavaut, W Lavrijsen, H Lay, I Lazanu, R LaZur, M Lazzaroni, S Leardini, J Learned, T LeCompte, G Lehmann Miotto, R Lehnert, M Leitner, H Lemoine, D Leon Silverio, LM Lepin, J-Y Li, SW Li, Y Li, R Lima, CS Lin, D Lindebaum, S Linden, A Lister, BR Littlejohn, J Liu, Y Liu, M Lkhagvadorj, S Lockwitz, I Lomidze, J Lopez, I López de Rego, N López-March, JM LoSecco, A Lozano Sanchez, X-G Lu, KB Luk, X Luo, E Luppi, AA Machado, P Machado, CT Macias, JR Macier, M MacMahon, S Magill, C Magueur, K Mahn, A Maio, N Majeed, A Major, K Majumdar, A Malige, S Mameli, M Man, RC Mandujano, J Maneira, S Manly, K Manolopoulos, M Manrique Plata, S Manthey Corchado, L Manzanillas-Velez, E Mao, M Marchan, A Marchionni, D Marfatia, C Mariani, J Maricic, F Marinho, AD Marino, T Markiewicz, F Das Chagas Marques, M Marshak, CM Marshall, J Marshall, L Martina, J Martín-Albo, DA Martinez Caicedo, M Martinez-Casales, F Martínez López, S Martynenko, V Mascagna, A Mastbaum, M Masud, F Matichard, G Matteucci, J Matthews, C Mauger, N Mauri, K Mavrokoridis, I Mawby, T McAskill, N McConkey, B McConnell, KS McFarland, C McGivern, C McGrew, A McNab, C McNulty, J Mead, L Meazza, VCN Meddage, A Medhi, M Mehmood, B Mehta, P Mehta, F Mei, P Melas, L Mellet, TCD Melo, O Mena, H Mendez, DP Méndez, A Menegolli, G Meng, ACEA Mercuri, A Meregaglia, MD Messier, S Metallo, W Metcalf, M Mewes, H Meyer, T Miao, J Micallef, A Miccoli, G Michna, R Milincic, F Miller, G Miller, W Miller, A Minotti, L Miralles Verge, C Mironov, S Miscetti, CS Mishra, P Mishra, SR Mishra, D Mladenov, I Mocioiu, A Mogan, R Mohanta, TA Mohayai, N Mokhov, J Molina, L Molina Bueno, E Montagna, A Montanari, C Montanari, D Montanari, D Montanino, LM Montaño Zetina, M Mooney, AF Moor, M Moore, Z Moore, D Moreno, G Moreno-Granados, O Moreno-Palacios, L Morescalchi, E Motuk, CA Moura, W Mu, L Mualem, J Mueller, M Muether, A Muir, Y Mukhamejanov, A Mukhamejanova, M Mulhearn, D Munford, LJ Munteanu, H Muramatsu, J Muraz, M Murphy, T Murphy, A Mytilinaki, J Nachtman, Y Nagai, S Nagu, H Nam, D Naples, S Narita, J Nava, A Navrer-Agasson, N Nayak, M Nebot-Guinot, A Nehm, JK Nelson, O Neogi, J Nesbit, M Nessi, D Newbold, M Newcomer, D Newmark, R Nichol, FJ Nicolas-Arnaldos, A Nielsen, A Nikolica, J Nikolov, E Niner, X Ning, K Nishimura, A Norman, A Norrick, P Novella, A Nowak, JA Nowak, M Oberling, JP Ochoa-Ricoux, S Oh, SB Oh, A Olivier, T Olson, Y Onel, Y Onishchuk, A Oranday, M Osbiston, JA Osorio Vélez, JE Ossa Sanchez, L O'Sullivan, L Otiniano Ormachea, L Pagani, O Palamara, S Palestini, JM Paley, M Pallavicini, C Palomares, S Pan, M Panareo, P Panda, V Pandey, W Panduro Vazquez, E Pantic, V Paolone, A Papadopoulou, R Papaleo, D Papoulias, S Paramesvaran, J Park, J Park, S Parke, S Parsa, S Parveen, M Parvu, D Pasciuto, S Pascoli, L Pasqualini, G Patel, JL Paton, C Patrick, L Patrizii, RB Patterson, T Patzak, A Paudel, J Paul, L Paulucci, Z Pavlovic, G Pawloski, D Payne, A Peake, V Pec, E Pedreschi, SJM Peeters, L Pelegrina-Gutiérrez, W Pellico, E Pennacchio, A Penzo, OLG Peres, YF Perez Gonzalez, L Pérez-Molina, C Pernas, J Perry, D Pershey, G Pessina, G Petrillo, C Petta, R Petti, M Pfaff, V Pia, GM Piacentino, L Pickering, L Pierini, F Pietropaolo, VL Pimentel, G Pinaroli, S Pincha, J Pinchault, K Pitts, P Plesniak, K Pletcher, K Plows, C Pollack, T Pollmann, F Pompa, X Pons, N Poonthottathil, F Poppi, J Porter, LG Porto Paixão, M Potekhin, M Pozzato, R Pradhan, T Prakash, M Prest, F Psihas, D Pugnere, D Pullia, X Qian, J Queen, JL Raaf, V Radeka, J Rademacker, F Raffaelli, A Rafique, U Rahaman, A Rahe, S Rajagopalan, M Rajaoalisoa, I Rakhno, L Rakotondravohitra, MA Ralaikoto, L Ralte, MA Ramirez Delgado, B Ramson, SS Randriamanampisoa, A Rappoldi, G Raselli, T Rath, P Ratoff, R Raut, R Ray, H Razafinime, RF Razakamiandra, EM Rea, JS Real, B Rebel, R Rechenmacher, M Reggiani-Guzzo, J Reichenbacher, SD Reitzner, E Renner, S Repetto, S Rescia, F Resnati, C Reynolds, M Ribas, S Riboldi, C Riccio, G Riccobene, JS Ricol, M Rigan, A Rikalo, A Ritchie-Yates, D Rivera, A Robert, A Roberts, E Robles, A Roche, M Roda, D Rodas Rodríguez, MJO Rodrigues, J Rodriguez Rondon, S Rosauro-Alcaraz, P Rosier, D Ross, M Rossella, M Ross-Lonergan, T Rotsy, N Roy, P Roy, P Roy, C Rubbia, D Rudik, A Ruggeri, G Ruiz Ferreira, K Rushiya, B Russell, S Sacerdoti, N Saduyev, S Saha, SK Sahoo, N Sahu, S Sakhiyev, P Sala, G Salmoria, S Samanta, MC Sanchez, A Sánchez-Castillo, P Sanchez-Lucas, DA Sanders, S Sanfilippo, D Santoro, N Saoulidou, P Sapienza, I Sarcevic, I Sarra, L Sauer, G Savage, V Savinov, A Scanu, A Scaramelli, T Schefke, H Schellman, S Schifano, P Schlabach, D Schmitz, AW Schneider, K Scholberg, A Schroeder, A Schukraft, B Schuld, S Schwartz, A Segade, H Segal, E Segreto, A Selyunin, D Senadheera, CR Senise, J Sensenig, SH Seo, D Seppela, MH Shaevitz, P Shanahan, P Sharma, R Kumar, S Sharma Poudel, K Shaw, T Shaw, K Shchablo, J Shen, C Shepherd-Themistocleous, J Shi, W Shi, S Shin, S Shivakoti, A Shmakov, I Shoemaker, D Shooltz, R Shrock, M Siden, J Silber, L Simard, J Sinclair, G Sinev, Jaydip Singh, J Singh, L Singh, P Singh, V Singh, S Singh Chauhan, R Sipos, C Sironneau, G Sirri, K Siyeon, K Skarpaas, J Smedley, J Smith, P Smith, J Smolik, M Smy, M Snape, EL Snider, P Snopok, M Soares Nunes, H Sobel, M Soderberg, H Sogarwal, CJ Solano Salinas, S Söldner-Rembold, N Solomey, V Solovov, WE Sondheim, T Sonius, M Sorbara, M Sorel, J Soto-Oton, A Sousa, K Soustruznik, D Souza Correia, F Spinella, J Spitz, NJC Spooner, D Stalder, M Stancari, L Stanco, J Steenis, R Stein, HM Steiner, AF Steklain Lisbôa, J Stewart, B Stillwell, J Stock, T Stokes, T Strauss, L Strigari, A Stuart, W Su, J Subash, A Surdo, L Suter, A Sutton, K Sutton, Y Suvorov, R Svoboda, SK Swain, C Sweeney, B Szczerbinska, AM Szelc, A Sztuc, A Taffara, N Talukdar, J Tamara, HA Tanaka, S Tang, N Taniuchi, AM Tapia Casanova, A Tapper, S Tariq, E Tatar, R Tayloe, AM Teklu, K Tellez Giron Flores, J Tena Vidal, P Tennessen, M Tenti, K Terao, F Terranova, G Testera, T Thakore, A Thea, S Thomas, A Thompson, C Thorpe, SC Timm, E Tiras, V Tishchenko, S Tiwari, N Todorović, L Tomassetti, A Tonazzo, D Torbunov, D Torres Muñoz, M Torti, M Tortola, Y Torun, N Tosi, D Totani, M Toups, C Touramanis, V Trabattoni, D Tran, J Trevor, E Triller, S Trilov, D Trotta, J Truchon, D Truncali, WH Trzaska, Y Tsai, Y-T Tsai, Z Tsamalaidze, KV Tsang, N Tsverava, SZ Tu, S Tufanli, C Tunnell, S Turnberg, J Turner, M Tuzi, M Tzanov, MA Uchida, J Ureña González, J Urheim, T Usher, H Utaegbulam, S Uzunyan, MR Vagins, P Vahle, GA Valdiviesso, E Valencia, R Valentim, Z Vallari, E Vallazza, JWF Valle, R Van Berg, DV Forero, P Van Gemmeren, A Vannozzi, M Van Nuland-Troost, F Varanini, D Vargas Oliva, N Vaughan, K Vaziri, A Vázquez-Ramos, J Vega, J Vences, S Ventura, A Verdugo, M Verzocchi, K Vetter, M Vicenzi, H Vieira de Souza, C Vignoli, C Vilela, E Villa, S Viola, B Viren, GV Stenico, R Vizarreta, AP Vizcaya Hernandez, S Vlachos, G Vorobyev, Q Vuong, AV Waldron, L Walker, H Wallace, M Wallach, J Walsh, T Walton, L Wan, B Wang, H Wang, J Wang, MHLS Wang, X Wang, Y Wang, D Warner, L Warsame, MO Wascko, D Waters, A Watson, K Wawrowska, A Weber, CM Weber, M Weber, H Wei, A Weinstein, S Westerdale, M Wetstein, K Whalen, AJ White, LH Whitehead, D Whittington, F Wieler, J Wilhelmi, MJ Wilking, A Wilkinson, C Wilkinson, F Wilson, RJ Wilson, P Winter, J Wolcott, J Wolfs, T Wongjirad, A Wood, K Wood, D Wooley, E Worcester, M Worcester, K Wresilo, M Wright, M Wrobel, S Wu, W Wu, Z Wu, M Wurm, J Wyenberg, BM Wynne, Y Xiao, I Xiotidis, B Yaeggy, A Yahaya, N Yahlali, E Yandel, G Yang, J Yang, T Yang, A Yankelevich, L Yates, U Yevarouskaya, K Yonehara, T Young, B Yu, H Yu, J Yu, W Yuan, M Zabloudil, R Zaki, J Zalesak, L Zambelli, B Zamorano, A Zani, O Zapata, L Zazueta, GP Zeller, J Zennamo, J Zettlemoyer, K Zeug, C Zhang, S Zhang, Y Zhang, L Zhao, M Zhao, K Zhu, ED Zimmerman, S Zucchelli, A Zummo, V Zutshi, R ZwaskaCharge readout electronics for the DUNE horizontal drift far detector: design and performance in ProtoDUNE-HD
ArXiv 2604.23966 (2026)
Authors:
DUNE Collaboration, S Abbaslu, F Abd Alrahman, A Abed Abud, R Acciarri, LP Accorsi, MA Acero, MR Adames, G Adamov, M Adamowski, K Adhikari, C Adriano, K Agudelo-Jaramillo, F Akbar, F Alemanno, NS Alex, L Aliaga Soplin, A Alqaisi, M Alrashed, A Alton, R Alvarez, T Alves, A Aman, H Amar, R Amarinei, P Amedo, EPM Amorim, J Anderson, DA Andrade, C Andreopoulos, M Andreotti, MP Andrews, F Andrianala, S Andringa, F Anjarazafy, S Ansarifard, D Antic, A Antonakis, A Aranda-Fernandez, T Araya-Santander, L Arellano, E Arrieta Diaz, MA Arroyave, M Artero Pons, J Asaadi, M Ascencio, A Ashkenazi, L Asquith, E Atkin, D Auguste, A Aurisano, V Aushev, D Autiero, D Ávila Gómez, MB Azam, F Azfar, JJ Back, Y Bae, I Bagaturia, L Bagby, H Bagdu, S Balasubramanian, A Balboni, P Baldi, W Baldini, E Baldo, J Baldonedo, B Baller, B Bambah, F Barao, D Barbu, G Barenboim, P Barham Alzás, GJ Barker, W Barkhouse, E Barlas Yucel, G Barr, W Barrett, D Barrow, JL Barrow, A Basharina-Freshville, A Bashyal, V Basque, M Bassani, D Basu, L Bathe-Peters, JG Batista Sigolo, JBR Battat, F Battisti, J Bautista, F Bay, JLL Bazo Alba, JF Beacom, E Bechetoille, A Beever, B Behera, E Belchior, B Bell, G Bell, L Bellantoni, G Bellettini, V Bellini, O Beltramello, C Benitez Montiel, D Benjamin, K Benslama, F Bento Neves, J Berger, S Berkman, J Bermudez, J Bernal, P Bernardini, A Bersani, E Bertholet, E Bertolini, S Bertolucci, M Betancourt, A Betancur Rodríguez, Y Bezawada, AT Bezerra, A Bhat, V Bhatnagar, M Bhattacharjee, S Bhattacharjee, M Bhattacharya, S Bhuller, B Bhuyan, S Biagi, J Bian, K Biery, B Bilki, A Binau, M Bishai, P Bishop, A Blake, A Blanchet, FD Blaszczyk, GC Blazey, E Blucher, A Bodek, B Bogart, J Boissevain, T Bolton, L Bomben, M Bonesini, C Bonilla-Diaz, A Booth, F Boran, C Borden, R Borges Merlo, D Borodulina, N Bostan, G Botogoske, B Bottino, R Bouet, J Boza, B Brahma, D Brailsford, F Bramati, A Branca, A Brandt, J Bremer, SJ Brice, S Brickner, V Brio, C Brizzolari, C Bromberg, J Brooke, A Bross, G Brunetti, MB Brunetti, N Buchanan, H Budd, J Buergi, A Bundock, D Burgardt, S Butchart, G Caceres V, R Calabrese, R Calabrese, J Calcutt, L Calivers, S Calvez, E Calvo, A Caminata, AF Camino, W Campanelli, A Campani, A Campos Benitez, N Canci, J Capó, I Caracas, D Caratelli, D Carber, G Carini, MF Carneiro, P Carniti, I Caro Terrazas, H Carranza, N Carrara, L Carroll, A Carter, J Carvalho Roberto, E Casarejos, D Casazza, JF Castaño Forero, FA Castaño, C Castromonte, E Catano-Mur, C Cattadori, F Cavalier, F Cavanna, S Centro, G Cerati, C Cerna, A Cervelli, A Cervera Villanueva, J Chakrani, M Chalifour, A Chappell, A Chatterjee, B Chauhan, C Chavez Barajas, H Chen, M Chen, WC Chen, Y Chen, Z Chen, D Cherdack, SS Chhibra, C Chi, F Chiapponi, R Chirco, N Chitirasreemadam, K Cho, S Choate, G Choi, D Chokheli, PS Chong, O Chow, B Chowdhury, D Christian, E Church, MF Cicala, M Cicerchia, V Cicero, R Ciolini, P Clarke, G Cline, AG Cocco, JAB Coelho, A Cohen, J Collazo, J Collot, H Combs, JM Conrad, L Conti, T Contreras, M Convery, K Conway, S Copello, P Cova, C Cox, L Cremonesi, JI Crespo-Anadón, M Crisler, E Cristaldo, J Crnkovic, G Crone, R Cross, T Cruz, A Cudd, C Cuesta, Y Cui, F Curciarello, D Cussans, O Dalager, W Dallaway, R D'Amico, H da Motta, ZA Dar, R Darby, L Da Silva Peres, Q David, GS Davies, S Davini, J Dawson, R De Aguiar, KH De Barros, P Debbins, MP Decowski, A de Gouvêa, PC De Holanda, P De Jong, P Del Amo Sanchez, G De Lauretis, A Delbart, M Delgado, A Dell'Acqua, G Delle Monache, N Delmonte, P De Lurgio, G De Matteis, JRT de Mello Neto, APA De Mendonca, DM DeMuth, S Dennis, C Densham, P Denton, GW Deptuch, V De Romeri, JP Detje, J Devine, K Dhanmeher, R Dharmapalan, M Dias, A Diaz, JS Díaz, F Díaz, F Di Capua, A Di Domenico, S Di Domizio, S Di Falco, D Di Ferdinando, L Di Giulio, P Ding, L Di Noto, E Diociaiuti, G Di Sciascio, C Distefano, R Di Stefano, R Diurba, M Diwan, Z Djurcic, S Dolan, M Dolce, MJ Dolinski, D Domenici, S Dominguez, S Donati, S Doran, D Douglas, TA Doyle, F Drielsma, DJ Drobner, D Duchesneau, K Duffy, K Dugas, P Dunne, S Durando, B Dutta, DA Dwyer, AS Dyshkant, S Dytman, M Eads, A Earle, S Edayath, D Edmunds, J Eisch, S Elias, J Ellis, W Emark, P Englezos, A Ereditato, DT Ergonul, T Erjavec, CO Escobar, JJ Evans, E Ewart, AC Ezeribe, K Fahey, A Falcone, C Fang, M Fani', F Fanomezana, D Faragher, C Farnese, Y Farzan, J Felix, Y Feng, M Ferreira da Silva, E Fialova, L Fields, P Filip, A Filkins, F Filthaut, G Fiorillo, M Fiorini, NF Fiuza De Barros, S Fogarty, W Foreman, B Fossing, J Fowler, J Franc, K Francis, D Franco, J Franklin, J Freeman, J Fried, A Friedland, S Fuess, IK Furic, K Furman, AP Furmanski, R Gaba, A Gabrielli, AM Gago, F Galizzi, H Gallagher, M Galli, N Gallice, V Galymov, E Gamberini, T Gamble, R Gan, R Gandhi, S Ganguly, F Gao, S Gao, A Garcia, D Garcia-Gamez, MÁ García-Peris, V Garcia Pol, S Gardiner, P Gauzzi, G Ge, N Geffroy, B Gelli, S Gent, A Ghosh, T Giammaria, D Gibin, I Gil-Botella, A Gioiosa, S Giovannella, AK Giri, V Giusti, D Gnani, O Gogota, S Gollapinni, K Gollwitzer, RA Gomes, LS Gomez Fajardo, D Gonzalez-Diaz, J Gonzalez-Santome, MC Goodman, S Goswami, C Gotti, J Goudeau, C Grace, E Gramellini, R Gran, P Granger, C Grant, DR Gratieri, G Grauso, P Green, S Greenberg, WC Griffith, A Gruber, K Grzelak, L Gu, W Gu, V Guarino, M Guarise, R Guenette, M Guerzoni, D Guffanti, A Guglielmi, FY Guo, A Gupta, V Gupta, G Gurung, D Gutierrez, P Guzowski, MM Guzzo, S Gwon, A Habig, R Hafeji, L Hagaman, A Hahn, J Hakenmüller, A Hambardzumyan, T Hamernik, P Hamilton, J Hancock, M Handley, F Happacher, B Harris, DA Harris, L Harris, AL Hart, J Hartnell, T Hartnett, T Hasegawa, CM Hasnip, K Hassinin, R Hatcher, S Hawkins, J Hays, M He, A Heavey, KM Heeger, A Heindel, J Heise, K Heller, P Hellmuth, L Henderson, A Hergenhan, J Hernández, MA Hernandez Morquecho, K Herner, V Hewes, A Higuera, K Hildebrandt, A Himmel, E Hinkle, LR Hirsch, J Ho, J Hoefken Zink, J Hoff, A Holin, C Hong, S Horiuchi, GA Horton-Smith, R Hosokawa, T Houdy, B Howard, I Hristova, MS Hronek, Y Hua, J Huang, RG Huang, X Huang, Z Hulcher, A Hussain, G Iles, N Ilic, AM Iliescu, R Illingworth, F Imamoglu, G Ingratta, A Ioannisian, M Ismerio Oliveira, CM Jackson, A Jacobi, V Jain, C James, E James, W Jang, B Jargowsky, D Jena, I Jentz, C Jiang, J Jiang, A Jipa, JH Jo, FR Joaquim, AM Johnson, W Johnson, C Jollet, M Joshi, N Jovancevic, M Judah, CK Jung, KY Jung, T Junk, Y Jwa, M Kabirnezhad, AC Kaboth, I Kadenko, O Kalikulov, D Kalra, M Kandemir, S Kar, C Karagianni, G Karagiorgi, G Karaman, A Karcher, Y Karyotakis, SP Kasetti, L Kashur, A Kauther, N Kazaryan, L Ke, E Kearns, PT Keener, A Kelly, KJ Kelly, R Keloth, O Kemularia, J Kerby, Y Kermaidic, W Ketchum, SH Kettell, N Khan, A Khvedelidze, D Kim, J Kim, MJ Kim, S Kim, B King, M King, M Kirby, A Kish, J Klein, J Kleykamp, T Kobilarcik, L Koch, K Koehler, LW Koerner, DH Koh, K Kong, M Kordosky, VA Kostelecký, I Kotler, M Kramer, F Krennrich, T Kroupova, S Kubota, M Kubu, VA Kudryavtsev, G Kufatty, A Kumar, J Kumar, M Kumar, P Kumar, S Kumaran, J Kunzmann, V Kus, T Kutter, J Kvasnicka, T Labree, M Lachat, T Lackey, I Lalău, A Lambert, BJ Land, CE Lane, N Lane, K Lang, M Langstaff, F Lanni, S Lanzi, J Larkin, P Lasorak, D Last, G Laurenti, E Lavaut, W Lavrijsen, H Lay, I Lazanu, R LaZur, M Lazzaroni, S Leardini, J Learned, G Lehmann Miotto, R Lehnert, M Leitner, H Lemoine, D Leon Silverio, LM Lepin, JD Lewis, J-Y Li, SW Li, Y Li, RCR Lima, R Lima, CS Lin, D Lindebaum, S Linden, A Lister, BR Littlejohn, J Liu, Y Liu, M Lkhagvadorj, S Lockwitz, I Lomidze, J Lopez, I López de Rego, N López-March, A Lopez Moreno, JM LoSecco, A Lozano Sanchez, X-G Lu, KB Luk, X Luo, G Lupi, E Luppi, AA Machado, P Machado, CT Macias, JR Macier, A Madorsky, S Magill, C Magueur, K Mahn, A Maio, N Majeed, K Majumdar, A Malige, S Mameli, M Man, RC Mandujano, J Maneira, S Manly, K Manolopoulos, M Manrique Plata, S Manthey Corchado, L Manzanillas-Velez, E Mao, M Marchan, A Marchionni, D Marfatia, C Mariani, J Maricic, R Marie, F Marinho, AD Marino, T Markiewicz, F Das Chagas Marques, M Marshak, CM Marshall, J Marshall, J Martin, M Martin, L Martina, J Martín-Albo, DA Martinez Caicedo, M Martinez-Casales, F Martínez López, S Martynenko, V Mascagna, A Mastbaum, M Masud, F Matichard, G Matteucci, J Matthews, C Mauger, N Mauri, K Mavrokoridis, I Mawby, T McAskill, N McConkey, B McConnell, KS McFarland, C McGivern, C McGrew, A McNab, C McNulty, J Mead, L Meazza, VCN Meddage, A Medhi, M Mehmood, B Mehta, P Mehta, F Mei, P Melas, L Mellet, TCD Melo, O Mena, DP Méndez, A Menegolli, G Meng, A Mengarelli, ACEA Mercuri, A Meregaglia, G Merino, MD Messier, S Metallo, W Metcalf, M Mewes, H Meyer, T Miao, J Micallef, A Miccoli, G Michna, R Milincic, F Miller, G Miller, W Miller, A Minotti, L Miralles Verge, C Mironov, S Miscetti, P Mishra, SR Mishra, D Mladenov, I Mocioiu, A Mogan, PS Mohan, R Mohanta, TA Mohayai, N Mokhov, J Molina, L Molina Bueno, E Montagna, A Montanari, C Montanari, D Montanari, D Montanino, LM Montaño Zetina, M Mooney, AF Moor, M Moore, Z Moore, B Moreira, D Moreno, G Moreno-Granados, O Moreno-Palacios, L Morescalchi, A Morita, E Motuk, CA Moura, W Mu, L Mualem, J Mueller, M Muether, A Muir, Y Mukhamejanov, A Mukhamejanova, E Muldoon, M Mulhearn, D Munford, LJ Munteanu, H Muramatsu, J Muraz, M Murphy, T Murphy, A Mytilinaki, J Nachtman, Y Nagai, S Nagu, H Nam, D Naples, S Narita, J Nava, D Navas-Nicolás, A Navrer-Agasson, N Nayak, M Nebot-Guinot, A Nehm, JK Nelson, O Neogi, J Nesbit, M Nessi, D Newbold, M Newcomer, D Newmark, L Nguyen, R Nichol, FJ Nicolas-Arnaldos, A Nielsen, A Nikolica, J Nikolov, E Niner, X Ning, K Nishimura, A Norman, A Norrick, F Noto, P Novella, A Nowak, JA Nowak, M Oberling, JP Ochoa-Ricoux, S Oh, SB Oh, A Olivier, T Olson, Y Onel, Y Onishchuk, A Oranday, GP Orebi Gann, AIR Orimogunje, M Osbiston, JE Ossa Sanchez, L O'Sullivan, L Otiniano Ormachea, L Pagani, O Palamara, S Palestini, JM Paley, M Pallavicini, C Palomares, B Pan, S Pan, M Panareo, P Panda, V Pandey, W Panduro Vazquez, E Pantic, V Paolone, A Papadopoulou, R Papaleo, D Papoulias, S Paramesvaran, J Park, J Park, Y Park, S Parke, S Parsa, M Parvu, D Pasciuto, S Pascoli, L Pasqualini, G Patel, JL Paton, C Patrick, L Patrizii, RB Patterson, T Patzak, A Paudel, L Paulucci, Z Pavlovic, G Pawloski, D Payne, A Peake, V Pec, E Pedreschi, SJM Peeters, L Pelegrina-Gutiérrez, W Pellico, E Pennacchio, A Penzo, OLG Peres, YF Perez Gonzalez, L Pérez-Molina, C Pernas, J Perry, D Pershey, G Pessina, G Petrillo, C Petta, R Petti, M Pfaff, V Pia, GM Piacentino, L Pickering, G Piemonti, L Pierini, F Pietropaolo, M Pimenta Sampaio, VL Pimentel, G Pinaroli, S Pincha, J Pinchault, K Pitts, P Plesniak, K Pletcher, K Plows, C Pollack, F Polleri, T Pollmann, F Pompa, X Pons, N Poonthottathil, F Poppi, J Porter, LG Porto Paixão, M Pozzato, R Pradhan, L Prais, T Prakash, M Prest, F Psihas, D Pugnere, D 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Sanchez, A Sánchez-Castillo, P Sanchez-Lucas, DA Sanders, S Sanfilippo, G Santoni, D Santoro, N Saoulidou, P Sapienza, I Sarcevic, I Sarra, C Sauer, L Sauer, G Savage, V Savinov, A Scanu, A Scaramelli, T Schefke, H Schellman, S Schifano, P Schlabach, DW Schmitz, AW Schneider, K Scholberg, A Schroeder, A Schukraft, B Schuld, S Schwartz, A Segade, H Segal, E Segreto, A Selyunin, D Senadheera, CR Senise, J Sensenig, SH Seo, D Seppela, MH Shaevitz, P Shanahan, P Sharma, R Kumar, S Sharma Poudel, K Shaw, T Shaw, J Shen, C Shepherd-Themistocleous, J Shi, W Shi, S Shin, S Shivakoti, A Shmakov, I Shoemaker, D Shooltz, R Shrock, M Siden, J Silber, L Simard, J Sinclair, G Sinev, Jaydip Singh, J Singh, L Singh, P Singh, V Singh, S Singh Chauhan, R Sipos, C Sironneau, G Sirri, K Siyeon, K Skarpaas, J Smedley, J Smith, RS Smith-Jones, J Smolik, M Smy, M Snape, EL Snider, P Snopok, M Soares Nunes, H Sobel, M Soderberg, H Sogarwal, CJ Solano Salinas, S Söldner-Rembold, N Solomey, V Solovov, WE Sondheim, T Sonius, M Sorbara, M Sorel, J Soto-Oton, A Sousa, K Soustruznik, D Souza Correia, F Spinella, J Spitz, NJC Spooner, D Stalder, M Stancari, L Stanco, J Steenis, R Stein, HM Steiner, AF Steklain Lisbôa, J Stewart, B Stillwell, J Stock, T Stokes, T Strauss, L Strigari, A Stuart, W Su, A Surdo, L Suter, A Sutton, Y Suvorov, R Svoboda, SK Swain, C Sweeney, B Szczerbinska, AM Szelc, A Sztuc, A Taffara, N Talukdar, J Tamara, HA Tanaka, S Tang, N Taniuchi, AM Tapia Casanova, A Tapper, S Tariq, E Tatar, R Tayloe, AM Teklu, K Tellez Giron Flores, J Tena Vidal, P Tennessen, M Tenti, K Terao, F Terranova, S Teruel, G Testera, A Thea, S Thomas, A Thompson, C Thorpe, M Timalsina, SC Timm, E Tiras, V Tishchenko, S Tiwari, N Todorović, L Tomassetti, A Tonazzo, L Tong, D Torbunov, D Torres Muñoz, M Torti, M Tortola, Y Torun, N Tosi, D Totani, M Toups, C Touramanis, V Trabattoni, D Tran, J Trevor, E Triller, S Trilov, D Trotta, WH Trzaska, Y Tsai, Y-T Tsai, Z Tsamalaidze, KV Tsang, N Tsverava, SZ Tu, S Tufanli, C Tunnell, S Turnberg, J Turner, M Tuzi, M Tzanov, MA Uchida, J Ureña González, J Urheim, T Usher, H Utaegbulam, S Uzunyan, MR Vagins, P Vahle, GA Valdiviesso, E Valencia, R Valentim, Z Vallari, E Vallazza, JWF Valle, R Van Berg, DV Forero, P Van Gemmeren, A Vannozzi, M Van Nuland-Troost, F Varanini, N Vaughan, K Vaziri, A Vázquez-Ramos, J Vega, J Vences, S Ventura, A Verdugo, M Verzocchi, J Vesic, K Vetter, M Vicenzi, H Vieira de Souza, C Vignoli, C Vilela, E Villa, S Viola, B Viren, GV Stenico, R Vizarreta, AP Vizcaya Hernandez, S Vlachos, G Vorobyev, Q Vuong, AV Waldron, L Walker, H Wallace, M Wallach, J Walsh, T Walton, L Wan, B Wang, J Wang, L Wang, MHLS Wang, X Wang, Y Wang, Y Wang, D Warner, L Warsame, MO Wascko, D Waters, A Watson, K Wawrowska, A Weber, CM Weber, M Weber, H Wei, A Weinstein, S Westerdale, M Wetstein, Q Weyrich, K Whalen, AJ White, LH Whitehead, D Whittington, F Wieler, J Wilhelmi, MJ Wilking, A Wilkinson, C Wilkinson, RJ Wilson, P Winter, J Wolcott, J Wolfs, T Wongjirad, A Wood, K Wood, E Worcester, M Worcester, K Wresilo, M Wright, M Wrobel, S Wu, Z Wu, J Wyenberg, BM Wynne, Y Xiao, Z Xie, D Xing, B Yaeggy, A Yahaya, N Yahlali, E Yandel, G Yang, J Yang, T Yang, A Yankelevich, L Yates, U Yevarouskaya, K Yonehara, T Young, B Yu, H Yu, J Yu, K Yu, W Yuan, R Zaki, J Zalesak, L Zambelli, B Zamorano, A Zani, L Zazueta, GP Zeller, J Zennamo, J Zettlemoyer, K Zeug, C Zhang, S Zhang, Y Zhang, L Zhao, M Zhao, K Zhu, ED Zimmerman, S Zucchelli, A Zummo, V Zutshi, R ZwaskaOperation of a Modular 3D-Pixelated Liquid Argon Time-Projection Chamber in a Neutrino Beam
Instruments MDPI 10:1 (2026) 18
Authors:
S Abbaslu, A Abed Abud, R Acciarri, LP Accorsi, MA Acero, MR Adames, G Adamov, M Adamowski, C Adriano, F Akbar, F Alemanno, NS Alex, K Allison, M Alrashed, A Alton, R Alvarez, T Alves, A Aman, H Amar, P Amedo, J Anderson, DA Andrade, C Andreopoulos, M Andreotti, MP Andrews, F AzfarAbstract:
The 2x2 Demonstrator, a prototype for the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) liquid argon (LAr) Near Detector, was exposed to the Neutrinos from the Main Injector (NuMI) neutrino beam at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (Fermilab). This detector is a prototype of a new modular design for a liquid argon time-projection chamber (LArTPC), comprising a two-by-two array of four modules, each further segmented into two optically isolated LArTPCs. The 2x2 Demonstrator features a number of pioneering technologies, including a low-profile resistive field shell to establish drift fields, native 3D ionization pixelated imaging, and a high-coverage dielectric light readout system. The 2.4-tonne active mass detector is flanked upstream and downstream by supplemental solid-scintillator tracking planes, repurposed from the MINERvA experiment, which track ionizing particles exiting the argon volume. The antineutrino beam data collected by the detector over a 4.5 day period in 2024 include over 30,000 neutrino interactions in the LAr active volume—the first neutrino interactions reported by a DUNE detector prototype. During its physics-quality run, the 2x2 Demonstrator operated at a nominal drift field of 500 V/cm and maintained good LAr purity, with a stable electron lifetime of approximately 1.25 ms. This paper describes the detector and supporting systems, summarizes the installation and commissioning, and presents the initial validation of collected NuMI beam and off-beam self-triggers. In addition, it highlights observed interactions in the detector volume, including candidate muon antineutrino events.Identification of low-energy kaons in the ProtoDUNE-SP detector
Physical Review D American Physical Society (APS) 113:5 (2026) 052004
Authors:
S Abbaslu, F Abd Alrahman, A Abed Abud, R Acciarri, LP Accorsi, MA Acero, MR Adames, G Adamov, M Adamowski, C Adriano, F Akbar, F Alemanno, NS Alex, K Allison, M Alrashed, A Alton, R Alvarez, T Alves, A Aman, H Amar, P Amedo, J Anderson, DA Andrade, C Andreopoulos, M Andreotti, MP Andrews, F Andrianala, S Andringa, F Anjarazafy, S Ansarifard, D Antic, M Antoniassi, A Aranda-Fernandez, T Araya-Santander, L Arellano, E Arrieta Diaz, MA Arroyave, M Artero Pons, J Asaadi, M Ascencio, A Ashkenazi, D Asner, L Asquith, E Atkin, D Auguste, A Aurisano, V Aushev, D Autiero, D Ávila Gómez, MB Azam, F Azfar, A Back, JJ Back, Y Bae, I Bagaturia, L Bagby, D Baigarashev, S Balasubramanian, A Balboni, P Baldi, W Baldini, J Baldonedo, B Baller, B Bambah, F Barao, D Barbu, G Barenboim, P Barham Alzás, GJ Barker, W Barkhouse, G Barr, A Barros, N Barros, D Barrow, JL Barrow, A Basharina-Freshville, A Bashyal, V Basque, M Bassani, D Basu, C Batchelor, L Bathe-Peters, JBR Battat, F Battisti, J Bautista, F Bay, JLL Bazo Alba, JF Beacom, E Bechetoille, B Behera, E Belchior, B Bell, G Bell, L Bellantoni, G Bellettini, V Bellini, O Beltramello, A Belyaev, C Benitez Montiel, D Benjamin, F Bento Neves, J Berger, S Berkman, J Bermudez, J Bernal, P Bernardini, A Bersani, E Bertholet, E Bertolini, S Bertolucci, M Betancourt, A Betancur Rodríguez, Y Bezawada, AT Bezerra, A Bhat, V Bhatnagar, M Bhattacharjee, S Bhattacharjee, M Bhattacharya, S Bhuller, B Bhuyan, S Biagi, J Bian, K Biery, B Bilki, M Bishai, P Bishop, A Blake, FD Blaszczyk, GC Blazey, E Blucher, A Bodek, B Bogart, J Boissevain, S Bolognesi, T Bolton, L Bomben, M Bonesini, C Bonilla-Diaz, A Booth, F Boran, C Borden, R Borges Merlo, N Bostan, G Botogoske, B Bottino, R Bouet, J Boza, J Bracinik, B Brahma, D Brailsford, F Bramati, A Branca, A Brandt, J Bremer, SJ Brice, V Brio, C Brizzolari, C Bromberg, J Brooke, A Bross, G Brunetti, MB Brunetti, N Buchanan, H Budd, J Buergi, A Bundock, D Burgardt, S Butchart, G Caceres V., R Calabrese, R Calabrese, J Calcutt, L Calivers, E Calvo, A Caminata, AF Camino, W Campanelli, A Campani, A Campos Benitez, N Canci, J Capó, I Caracas, D Caratelli, D Carber, JM Carceller, G Carini, B Carlus, MF Carneiro, P Carniti, I Caro Terrazas, H Carranza, N Carrara, L Carroll, T Carroll, A Carter, E Casarejos, D Casazza, JF Castaño Forero, FA Castaño, C Castromonte, E Catano-Mur, C Cattadori, F Cavalier, F Cavanna, EF Ceceña-Avendaño, S Centro, G Cerati, C Cerna, A Cervelli, A Cervera Villanueva, J Chakrani, M Chalifour, A Chappell, A Chatterjee, B Chauhan, C Chavez Barajas, H Chen, M Chen, WC Chen, Y Chen, Z Chen, D Cherdack, SS Chhibra, C Chi, F Chiapponi, R Chirco, N Chitirasreemadam, K Cho, S Choate, G Choi, D Chokheli, PS Chong, B Chowdhury, D Christian, M Chung, E Church, MF Cicala, M Cicerchia, V Cicero, R Ciolini, P Clarke, G Cline, AG Cocco, JAB Coelho, A Cohen, J Collazo, J Collot, H Combs, JM Conrad, L Conti, T Contreras, M Convery, K Conway, S Copello, P Cova, C Cox, L Cremonesi, JI Crespo-Anadón, M Crisler, E Cristaldo, J Crnkovic, G Crone, R Cross, A Cudd, C Cuesta, Y Cui, F Curciarello, D Cussans, J Dai, O Dalager, W Dallaway, R D’Amico, H da Motta, ZA Dar, R Darby, L Da Silva Peres, Q David, GS Davies, S Davini, J Dawson, R De Aguiar, P Debbins, MP Decowski, A de Gouvêa, PC De Holanda, P De Jong, P Del Amo Sanchez, G De Lauretis, A Delbart, M Delgado, A Dell’Acqua, G Delle Monache, N Delmonte, P De Lurgio, G De Matteis, JRT de Mello Neto, APA De Mendonca, DM DeMuth, S Dennis, C Densham, P Denton, GW Deptuch, A De Roeck, V De Romeri, JP Detje, J Devine, K Dhanmeher, R Dharmapalan, M Dias, A Diaz, JS Díaz, F Díaz, F Di Capua, A Di Domenico, S Di Domizio, S Di Falco, L Di Giulio, P Ding, L Di Noto, E Diociaiuti, G Di Sciascio, V Di Silvestre, C Distefano, R Di Stefano, R Diurba, M Diwan, Z Djurcic, S Dolan, M Dolce, MJ Dolinski, D Domenici, S Dominguez, S Donati, S Doran, D Douglas, TA Doyle, F Drielsma, D Duchesneau, K Duffy, K Dugas, P Dunne, B Dutta, DA Dwyer, AS Dyshkant, S Dytman, M Eads, A Earle, S Edayath, D Edmunds, J Eisch, W Emark, P Englezos, A Ereditato, T Erjavec, CO Escobar, JJ Evans, E Ewart, AC Ezeribe, K Fahey, A Falcone, M Fani’, D Faragher, C Farnese, Y Farzan, J Felix, Y Feng, M Ferreira da Silva, G Ferry, E Fialova, L Fields, P Filip, A Filkins, F Filthaut, G Fiorillo, M Fiorini, S Fogarty, W Foreman, J Fowler, J Franc, K Francis, D Franco, J Franklin, J Freeman, J Fried, A Friedland, M Fucci, S Fuess, IK Furic, K Furman, AP Furmanski, R Gaba, A Gabrielli, AM Gago, F Galizzi, H Gallagher, M Galli, N Gallice, V Galymov, E Gamberini, T Gamble, R Gandhi, S Ganguly, F Gao, S Gao, D Garcia-Gamez, MÁ García-Peris, F Gardim, S Gardiner, A Gartman, A Gauch, P Gauzzi, S Gazzana, G Ge, N Geffroy, B Gelli, S Gent, L Gerlach, A Ghosh, T Giammaria, D Gibin, I Gil-Botella, A Gioiosa, S Giovannella, AK Giri, V Giusti, D Gnani, O Gogota, S Gollapinni, K Gollwitzer, RA Gomes, LS Gomez Fajardo, D Gonzalez-Diaz, J Gonzalez-Santome, MC 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Vences, S Ventura, A Verdugo, M Verzocchi, K Vetter, M Vicenzi, H Vieira de Souza, C Vignoli, C Vilela, E Villa, S Viola, B Viren, GV Stenico, R Vizarreta, AP Vizcaya Hernandez, S Vlachos, G Vorobyev, Q Vuong, AV Waldron, L Walker, H Wallace, M Wallach, J Walsh, T Walton, L Wan, B Wang, H Wang, J Wang, MHLS Wang, X Wang, Y Wang, D Warner, L Warsame, MO Wascko, D Waters, A Watson, K Wawrowska, A Weber, CM Weber, M Weber, H Wei, A Weinstein, S Westerdale, M Wetstein, K Whalen, AJ White, LH Whitehead, D Whittington, F Wieler, J Wilhelmi, MJ Wilking, A Wilkinson, C Wilkinson, F Wilson, RJ Wilson, P Winter, J Wolcott, J Wolfs, T Wongjirad, A Wood, K Wood, D Wooley, E Worcester, M Worcester, K Wresilo, M Wright, M Wrobel, S Wu, W Wu, Z Wu, M Wurm, J Wyenberg, BM Wynne, Y Xiao, I Xiotidis, B Yaeggy, N Yahlali, E Yandel, G Yang, J Yang, T Yang, A Yankelevich, L Yates, U Yevarouskaya, K Yonehara, T Young, B Yu, H Yu, J Yu, W Yuan, M Zabloudil, R Zaki, J Zalesak, L Zambelli, B Zamorano, A Zani, O Zapata, L Zazueta, GP Zeller, J Zennamo, J Zettlemoyer, K Zeug, C Zhang, S Zhang, Y Zhang, L Zhao, M Zhao, ED Zimmerman, S Zucchelli, A Zummo, V Zutshi, R ZwaskaAbstract:
The Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) is a next-generation neutrino experiment with a rich physics program that includes searches for the hypothetical phenomenon of proton decay. Utilizing liquid-argon time-projection chamber technology, DUNE is expected to achieve world-leading sensitivity in the proton decay channels that involve charged kaons in their final states. The first DUNE demonstrator, ProtoDUNE Single-Phase, was a 0.77 kt detector that operated from 2018 to 2020 at the CERN Neutrino Platform, exposed to a mixed hadron and electron test-beam with momenta ranging from 0.3 to . We present a selection of low-energy kaons among the secondary particles produced in hadronic reactions, using data from the 6 and beam runs. The selection efficiency is 1% and the sample purity 92%. The initial energies of the selected kaon candidates encompass the expected energy range of kaons originating from proton decay events in DUNE (below ). In addition, we demonstrate the capability of this detector technology to discriminate between kaons and other particles such as protons and muons, and provide a comprehensive description of their energy loss in liquid argon, which shows good agreement with the simulation. These results pave the way for future proton decay searches at DUNE.Reconstruction of atmospheric neutrinos in DUNE's horizontal-drift far-detector module
(2026)