Oxford Centre for High Energy Density Science (OxCHEDS)

Abstract:

The generation of low emittance electron beams from laser-driven wakefields is crucial for the development of compact X-ray sources. Here, we show new results for the injection and acceleration of quasi-monoenergetic electron beams in low amplitude wakefields experimentally and using simulations. This is achieved by using two laser pulses decoupling the wakefield generation from the electron trapping via ionization injection. The injection duration, which affects the beam charge and energy spread, is found to be tunable by adjusting the relative pulse delay. By changing the polarization of the injector pulse, reducing the ionization volume, the electron spectra of the accelerated electron bunches are improved.

Abstract:

Wetted-foam layers are of significant interest for inertial confinement fusion capsules, due to the control they provide over the convergence ratio of the implosion, and the opportunity this affords to minimize hydrodynamic instability growth. However, the equation of state (EOS) for fusion relevant foams is not well characterized, and many simulations rely on modelling such foams as a homogeneous medium with the foam average density. To address this question, an experiment was performed using the the VULCAN Nd:glass laser at the Central Laser Facility. The aim was to measure the principal Hugoniot of TMPTA plastic foams at 260 mg/cm3 , corresponding to the density of liquid DT-wetted-foam layers, and their ‘hydrodynamic equivalent’ capsules. A VISAR was used to obtain the shock velocity of both the foam and an α-quartz reference layer, while streaked optical pyrometry provided the temperature of the shocked material. The measurements confirm that, for the pressure range accessed, this material can indeed be well described using the equation of state of the homogeneous medium at the foam density.

Abstract:

Wetted-foam layers are of significant interest for inertial-confinement-fusion capsules, due to the control they provide over the convergence ratio of the implosion and the opportunity this affords to minimize hydrodynamic instability growth. However, the equation of state for fusion-relevant foams are not well characterized, and many simulations rely on modeling such foams as a homogeneous medium with the foam average density. To address this issue, an experiment was performed using the VULCAN Nd:glass laser at the Central Laser Facility. The aim was to measure the principal Hugoniot of TMPTA plastic foams at 260 mg/cm³, corresponding to the density of liquid DT-wetted-foam layers, and their “hydrodynamic equivalent” capsules. A VISAR was used to obtain the shock velocity of both the foam and an α-quartz reference layer, while streaked optical pyrometry provided the temperature of the shocked material. The measurements confirm that, for the 20–120 GPa pressure range accessed, this material can indeed be well described using the equation of state of the homogeneous medium at the foam density.