Jo Dunkley

Abstract:

We measure the cross-correlation of Atacama cosmology telescope cosmic microwave background (CMB) lensing convergence maps with quasar maps made from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey DR8 SDSS-XDQSO photometric catalog. The CMB lensing quasar cross-power spectrum is detected for the first time at a significance of 3.8σ, which directly confirms that the quasar distribution traces the mass distribution at high redshifts z>1. Our detection passes a number of null tests and systematic checks. Using this cross-power spectrum, we measure the amplitude of the linear quasar bias assuming a template for its redshift dependence, and find the amplitude to be consistent with an earlier measurement from clustering; at redshift z≈1.4, the peak of the distribution of quasars in our maps, our measurement corresponds to a bias of b=2.5±0.6. With the signal-to-noise ratio on CMB lensing measurements likely to improve by an order of magnitude over the next few years, our results demonstrate the potential of CMB lensing cross-correlations to probe astrophysics at high redshifts. © 2012 American Physical Society.

Abstract:

Using high-resolution microwave sky maps made by the Atacama Cosmology Telescope, we for the first time present strong evidence for motions of galaxy clusters and groups via microwave background temperature distortions due to the kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect. Galaxy clusters are identified by their constituent luminous galaxies observed by the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey, part of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey III. We measure the mean pairwise momentum of clusters, with a probability of the signal being due to random errors of 0.002, and the signal is consistent with the growth of cosmic structure in the standard model of cosmology. © 2012 American Physical Society.

Abstract:

In 1969 Edward Conklin measured the anisotropy in celestial emission at 8 GHz with a resolution of 16.2 degrees and used the data to report a detection of the CMB dipole. Given the paucity of 8 GHz observations over large angular scales and the clear evidence for non-power law Galactic emission near 8 GHz, a new analysis of Conklin's data is informative. In this paper we compare Conklin's data to that from Haslam et al. (0.4 GHz), Reich and Reich (1.4 GHz), and WMAP (23-94 GHz). We show that the spectral index between Conklin's data and the 23 GHz WMAP data is beta=-1.7+-0.1, where we model the emission temperature as T \propto nu^beta. Free-free emission has beta \approx -2.15, synchrotron emission has beta \approx -2.7 to -3. Thermal dust emission (beta \approx1.7) is negligible at 8 GHz. We conclude that there must be another distinct non-power law component of diffuse foreground emission that emits near 10 GHz, consistent with other observations in this frequency range. By comparing to the full complement of data sets, we show that a model with an anomalous emission component, assumed to be spinning dust, is preferred over a model without spinning dust at 5 sigma (Delta chi2= 31). However, the source of the new component cannot be determined uniquely.

Abstract:

We present cosmological parameters derived from the angular power spectrum of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation observed at 148GHz and 218GHz over 296deg2 with the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) during its 2008 season. ACT measures fluctuations at scales 500 < ℓ < 10, 000. We fit a model for the lensed CMB, Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ), and foreground contribution to the 148GHz and 218GHz power spectra, including thermal and kinetic SZ, Poisson power from radio and infrared point sources, and clustered power from infrared point sources. At ℓ = 3000, about half the power at 148GHz comes from primary CMB after masking bright radio sources. The power from thermal and kinetic SZ is estimated to be , where . The IR Poisson power at 148GHz is (C ℓ = 5.5 0.5 nK2), and a clustered IR component is required with , assuming an analytic model for its power spectrum shape. At 218GHz only about 15% of the power, approximately 27 μK 2, is CMB anisotropy at ℓ = 3000. The remaining 85% is attributed to IR sources (approximately 50% Poisson and 35% clustered), with spectral index α = 3.69 0.14 for flux scaling as S(ν)να. We estimate primary cosmological parameters from the less contaminated 148GHz spectrum, marginalizing over SZ and source power. The ΛCDM cosmological model is a good fit to the data (χ2/dof = 29/46), and ΛCDM parameters estimated from ACT+Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) are consistent with the seven-year WMAP limits, with scale invariant ns = 1 excluded at 99.7% confidence level (CL) (3σ). A model with no CMB lensing is disfavored at 2.8σ. By measuring the third to seventh acoustic peaks, and probing the Silk damping regime, the ACT data improve limits on cosmological parameters that affect the small-scale CMB power. The ACT data combined with WMAP give a 6σ detection of primordial helium, with Y P = 0.313 0.044, and a 4σ detection of relativistic species, assumed to be neutrinos, with N eff = 5.3 1.3 (4.6 0.8 with BAO+H 0 data). From the CMB alone the running of the spectral index is constrained to be dns /dln k = -0.034 0.018, the limit on the tensor-to-scalar ratio is r < 0.25 (95% CL), and the possible contribution of Nambu cosmic strings to the power spectrum is constrained to string tension Gμ < 1.6 × 10-7 (95% CL). © 2011. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved..