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Relative vorticity in SpeedyWeather, painted like clouds.

Milan Kloewer (he|him)

Schmidt AI in Science Fellow

Research theme

  • Climate physics

Sub department

  • Atmospheric, Oceanic and Planetary Physics

Research groups

  • Climate processes
milan.kloewer@physics.ox.ac.uk
personal website
github
  • About
  • Publications

About me

I’m a Schmidt AI in Science Fellow working on combining climate modelling and machine learning. During my PostDoc at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology I started developing SpeedyWeather.jl, a modern intermediate-complexity atmospheric model written in Julia. With this model I'm on a mission to reinvent atmospheric modelling towards interactivity and extensibility accelerating climate research. Based on this user and developer-friendly model, I am using machine learning to correct the simulated climate towards data. My Schmidt AI in Science Fellowship aims to do that for precipitation in an online-learning fashion, integrating a machine-learned precipitation correction on every time step. 

I am also an incoming NERC Independent Research Fellow at Oxford Physics/AOPP to be started in summer 2025. This means I can supervise Master and PhD (DPhil in Oxford slang) students now, particularly in the PhD programmes Intelligent Earth CDT and the Environmental Research DTP. If you are interested in pursuing a PhD and would love to work on and learn about atmospheric modelling in combination with machine learning please reach out, I list some project ideas here. Especially if you are not keen to drown in dusty Fortran code — not my passion either. I am always fire to bring brandnew concepts of software engineering and computer science into climate research. That's why I am an active Julia developer, see my GitHub profile.

I hold a PhD from Oxford in climate computing with Tim Palmer after a very comprehensive education in climate physics from different universities in Germany, France, and Norway. During that time, I crossed the Tropical Atlantic on an oceanographic research vessel and spent a winter in Svalbard studying meteorology in the Arctic with weather stations. The combination of fieldwork with the theoretical and computational work of my research has allowed me to see the bigger picture and to better understand the climate system as a whole.

Research interests

  • Climate modelling: Combining machine learning and dynamical models, atmosphere and ocean, grid-point and spectral, dynamical core development, stochastic parameterizations, turbulence closures.
  • Computing: High-performance, low-precision, parallel, CPU vs GPU, number formats, posit arithmetic, stochastic rounding, efficiency.
  • Data compression: Real information in climate data, lossy and lossless, information theory, data formats.
  • Predictability of weather and climate: Chaos, uncertainty, ensemble prediction, error growth, weather forecasting.
  • Software engineering: Open source, multiple dispatch and code composability, automatic differentiation, and the Julia programming language.
  • Data visualisation and science communication: Intuitive diagrams, user experience, better posters, better talks, accessibility and alwasy very pretty plots.
  • Decarbonisation: Aviation's contribution on global warming, carbon footprints, decarbonising science.

Selected publications

Neural General Circulation Models for Weather and Climate

(2023)
Dmitrii Kochkov, Janni Yuval, Ian Langmore, Peter Norgaard, Jamie Smith, Griffin Mooers, Milan Klöwer, James Lottes, Stephan Rasp, Peter Düben, Sam Hatfield, Peter Battaglia, Alvaro Sanchez-Gonzalez, Matthew Willson, Michael P Brenner, Stephan Hoyer

Compressing atmospheric data into its real information content.

Nature computational science 1:11 (2021) 713-724
Milan Klöwer, Miha Razinger, Juan J Dominguez, Peter D Düben, Tim N Palmer

An analysis of ways to decarbonize conference travel after COVID-19

Nature Nature Research 583 (2020) 356-360
Milan Klower, Deborah Hopkins, Myles Allen, James Higham

Fluid simulations accelerated with 16 bits: Approaching 4x speedup on A64FX by squeezing ShallowWaters.jl into Float16

Journal of Advances in Modelling Earth Systems Wiley 14:2 (2022) e2021MS002684
Milan Kloewer, Sam Hatfield, Matteo Croci, Peter D Düben, Tim N Palmer
197860 277899
See all publications

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