Scintillation light detection in the 6-m drift-length ProtoDUNE Dual Phase liquid argon TPC.
The European physical journal. C, Particles and fields 82:7 (2022) 618
Authors:
A Abed Abud, B Abi, R Acciarri, MA Acero, MR Adames, G Adamov, M Adamowski, D Adams, M Adinolfi, A Aduszkiewicz, J Aguilar, Z Ahmad, J Ahmed, B Aimard, B Ali-Mohammadzadeh, T Alion, K Allison, S Alonso Monsalve, M AlRashed, C Alt, A Alton, R Alvarez, P Amedo, J Anderson, C Andreopoulos, M Andreotti, M Andrews, F Andrianala, S Andringa, N Anfimov, A Ankowski, M Antoniassi, M Antonova, A Antoshkin, S Antusch, A Aranda-Fernandez, L Arellano, LO Arnold, MA Arroyave, J Asaadi, L Asquith, A Aurisano, V Aushev, D Autiero, V Ayala Lara, M Ayala-Torres, F Azfar, A Back, H Back, JJ Back, C Backhouse, I Bagaturia, L Bagby, N Balashov, S Balasubramanian, P Baldi, B Baller, B Bambah, F Barao, G Barenboim, P Barham Alzas, G Barker, W Barkhouse, C Barnes, G Barr, J Barranco Monarca, A Barros, N Barros, JL Barrow, A Basharina-Freshville, A Bashyal, V Basque, C Batchelor, E Batista das Chagas, JBR Battat, F Battisti, F Bay, MCQ Bazetto, JLL Bazo Alba, JF Beacom, E Bechetoille, B Behera, C Beigbeder, L Bellantoni, G Bellettini, V Bellini, O Beltramello, N Benekos, C Benitez Montiel, F Bento Neves, J Berger, S Berkman, P Bernardini, RM Berner, A Bersani, S Bertolucci, M Betancourt, A Betancur Rodríguez, A Bevan, Y Bezawada, TJC Bezerra, A Bhardwaj, V Bhatnagar, M Bhattacharjee, D Bhattarai, S Bhuller, B Bhuyan, S Biagi, J Bian, M Biassoni, K Biery, B Bilki, M Bishai, A Bitadze, A Blake, F Blaszczyk, GC Blazey, E Blucher, J Boissevain, S Bolognesi, T Bolton, L Bomben, M Bonesini, M Bongrand, C Bonilla-Diaz, F Bonini, A Booth, F Boran, S Bordoni, A Borkum, N Bostan, P Bour, C Bourgeois, D Boyden, J Bracinik, D Braga, D Brailsford, A Branca, A Brandt, J Bremer, D Breton, C Brew, SJ Brice, C Brizzolari, C Bromberg, J Brooke, A Bross, G Brunetti, M Brunetti, N Buchanan, H Budd, I Butorov, I Cagnoli, T Cai, D Caiulo, R Calabrese, P Calafiura, J Calcutt, M Calin, S Calvez, E Calvo, A Caminata, M Campanelli, D Caratelli, D Carber, JC Carceller, G Carini, B Carlus, MF Carneiro, P Carniti, I Caro Terrazas, H Carranza, T Carroll, JF Castaño Forero, A Castillo, C Castromonte, E Catano-Mur, C Cattadori, F Cavalier, G Cavallaro, F Cavanna, S Centro, G Cerati, A Cervelli, A Cervera Villanueva, M Chalifour, A Chappell, E Chardonnet, N Charitonidis, A Chatterjee, S Chattopadhyay, MSS Chavarry Neyra, H Chen, M Chen, Y Chen, Z Chen, Z Chen-Wishart, Y Cheon, D Cherdack, C Chi, S Childress, R Chirco, A Chiriacescu, G Chisnall, K Cho, S Choate, D Chokheli, PS Chong, A Christensen, D Christian, G Christodoulou, A Chukanov, M Chung, E Church, V Cicero, P Clarke, G Cline, TE Coan, AG Cocco, JAB Coelho, N Colton, E Conley, R Conley, J Conrad, M Convery, S Copello, P Cova, L Cremaldi, L Cremonesi, JI Crespo-Anadón, M Crisler, E Cristaldo, J Crnkovic, R Cross, A Cudd, C Cuesta, Y Cui, D Cussans, O Dalager, H da Motta, L Da Silva Peres, C David, Q David, GS Davies, S Davini, J Dawson, K De, S De, P Debbins, I De Bonis, MP Decowski, A De Gouvêa, PC De Holanda, IL De Icaza Astiz, A Deisting, P De Jong, A Delbart, D Delepine, M Delgado, A Dell'Acqua, N Delmonte, P De Lurgio, JRT de Mello Neto, DM DeMuth, S Dennis, C Densham, GW Deptuch, A De Roeck, V De Romeri, G De Souza, R Devi, R Dharmapalan, M Dias, F Diaz, JS Díaz, S Di Domizio, L Di Giulio, P Ding, L Di Noto, G Dirkx, C Distefano, R Diurba, M Diwan, Z Djurcic, D Doering, S Dolan, F Dolek, M Dolinski, L Domine, Y Donon, D Douglas, D Douillet, A Dragone, G Drake, F Drielsma, L Duarte, D Duchesneau, K Duffy, P Dunne, B Dutta, H Duyang, O Dvornikov, D Dwyer, A Dyshkant, M Eads, A Earle, D Edmunds, J Eisch, L Emberger, S Emery, P Englezos, A Ereditato, T Erjavec, C Escobar, G Eurin, JJ Evans, E Ewart, AC Ezeribe, K Fahey, A Falcone, M Fani', C Farnese, Y Farzan, D Fedoseev, J Felix, Y Feng, E Fernandez-Martinez, P Fernandez Menendez, M Fernandez Morales, F Ferraro, L Fields, P Filip, F Filthaut, M Fiorini, V Fischer, RS Fitzpatrick, W Flanagan, B Fleming, R Flight, S Fogarty, W Foreman, J Fowler, W Fox, J Franc, K Francis, D Franco, J Freeman, J Freestone, J Fried, A Friedland, F Fuentes Robayo, S Fuess, IK Furic, K Furman, AP Furmanski, A Gabrielli, A Gago, H Gallagher, A Gallas, A Gallego-Ros, N Gallice, V Galymov, E Gamberini, T Gamble, F Ganacim, R Gandhi, R Gandrajula, F Gao, S Gao, D Garcia-Gamez, MÁ García-Peris, S Gardiner, D Gastler, J Gauvreau, G Ge, N Geffroy, B Gelli, A Gendotti, S Gent, Z Ghorbani-Moghaddam, P Giammaria, T Giammaria, N Giangiacomi, D Gibin, I Gil-Botella, S Gilligan, C Girerd, AK Giri, D Gnani, O Gogota, M Gold, S Gollapinni, K Gollwitzer, RA Gomes, LV Gomez Bermeo, LS Gomez Fajardo, F Gonnella, D Gonzalez-Diaz, M Gonzalez-Lopez, MC Goodman, O Goodwin, S Goswami, C Gotti, E Goudzovski, C Grace, R Gran, E Granados, P Granger, A Grant, C Grant, D Gratieri, P Green, L Greenler, J Greer, J Grenard, WC Griffith, M Groh, J Grudzinski, K Grzelak, W Gu, E Guardincerri, V Guarino, M Guarise, R Guenette, E Guerard, M Guerzoni, D Guffanti, A Guglielmi, B Guo, A Gupta, V Gupta, KK Guthikonda, R Gutierrez, P Guzowski, MM Guzzo, S Gwon, C Ha, K Haaf, A Habig, H Hadavand, R Haenni, A Hahn, J Haiston, P Hamacher-Baumann, T Hamernik, P Hamilton, J Han, DA Harris, J Hartnell, T Hartnett, J Harton, T Hasegawa, C Hasnip, R Hatcher, KW Hatfield, A Hatzikoutelis, C Hayes, K Hayrapetyan, J Hays, E Hazen, M He, A Heavey, KM Heeger, J Heise, S Henry, MA Hernandez Morquecho, K Herner, J Hewes, C Hilgenberg, T Hill, SJ Hillier, A Himmel, E Hinkle, LR Hirsch, J Ho, J Hoff, A Holin, E Hoppe, GA Horton-Smith, M Hostert, A Hourlier, B Howard, R Howell, J Hoyos, I Hristova, MS Hronek, J Huang, Z Hulcher, G Iles, N Ilic, AM Iliescu, R Illingworth, G Ingratta, A Ioannisian, B Irwin, L Isenhower, R Itay, CM Jackson, V Jain, E James, W Jang, B Jargowsky, F Jediny, D Jena, YS Jeong, C Jesús-Valls, X Ji, L Jiang, S Jiménez, A Jipa, R Johnson, W Johnson, N Johnston, B Jones, S Jones, M Judah, CK Jung, T Junk, Y Jwa, M Kabirnezhad, A Kaboth, I Kadenko, I Kakorin, A Kalitkina, D Kalra, F Kamiya, N Kaneshige, DM Kaplan, G Karagiorgi, G Karaman, A Karcher, M Karolak, Y Karyotakis, S Kasai, SP Kasetti, L Kashur, N Kazaryan, E Kearns, P Keener, KJ Kelly, E Kemp, O Kemularia, W Ketchum, SH Kettell, M Khabibullin, A Khotjantsev, A Khvedelidze, D Kim, B King, B Kirby, M Kirby, J Klein, A Klustova, T Kobilarcik, K Koehler, LW Koerner, DH Koh, S Kohn, PP Koller, L Kolupaeva, D Korablev, M Kordosky, T Kosc, U Kose, VA Kostelecký, K Kothekar, R Kralik, L Kreczko, F Krennrich, I Kreslo, W Kropp, T Kroupova, S Kubota, Y Kudenko, VA Kudryavtsev, S Kulagin, J Kumar, P Kumar, P Kunze, N Kurita, C Kuruppu, V Kus, T Kutter, J Kvasnicka, D Kwak, A Lambert, B Land, CE Lane, K Lang, T Langford, M Langstaff, J Larkin, P Lasorak, D Last, A Laundrie, G Laurenti, A Lawrence, I Lazanu, R LaZur, M Lazzaroni, T Le, S Leardini, J Learned, P LeBrun, T LeCompte, C Lee, SY Lee, G Lehmann Miotto, R Lehnert, MA Leigui de Oliveira, M Leitner, LM Lepin, SW Li, Y Li, H Liao, CS Lin, Q Lin, S Lin, RA Lineros, J Ling, A Lister, BR Littlejohn, J Liu, Y Liu, S Lockwitz, T Loew, M Lokajicek, I Lomidze, K Long, T Lord, JM LoSecco, WC Louis, X-G Lu, KB Luk, B Lunday, X Luo, E Luppi, T Lux, VP Luzio, J Maalmi, D MacFarlane, AA Machado, P Machado, CT Macias, JR Macier, A Maddalena, A Madera, P Madigan, S Magill, K Mahn, A Maio, A Major, JA Maloney, G Mandrioli, RC Mandujano, J Maneira, L Manenti, S Manly, A Mann, K Manolopoulos, M Manrique Plata, VN Manyam, L Manzanillas, M Marchan, A Marchionni, W Marciano, D Marfatia, C Mariani, J Maricic, R Marie, F Marinho, AD Marino, D Marsden, M Marshak, C Marshall, J Marshall, J Marteau, J Martín-Albo, N Martinez, DA Martinez Caicedo, P Martínez Miravé, S Martynenko, V Mascagna, K Mason, A Mastbaum, F Matichard, S Matsuno, J Matthews, C Mauger, N Mauri, K Mavrokoridis, I Mawby, R Mazza, A Mazzacane, E Mazzucato, T McAskill, E McCluskey, N McConkey, KS McFarland, C McGrew, A McNab, A Mefodiev, P Mehta, P Melas, O Mena, H Mendez, P Mendez, DP Méndez, A Menegolli, G Meng, MD Messier, W Metcalf, T Mettler, M Mewes, H Meyer, T Miao, G Michna, T Miedema, V Mikola, R Milincic, G Miller, W Miller, J Mills, O Mineev, A Minotti, OG Miranda, S Miryala, CS Mishra, SR Mishra, A Mislivec, M Mitchell, D Mladenov, I Mocioiu, K Moffat, N Moggi, R Mohanta, TA Mohayai, N Mokhov, J Molina, L Molina Bueno, E Montagna, A Montanari, C Montanari, D Montanari, LM Montañno Zetina, SH Moon, M Mooney, AF Moor, D Moreno, D Moretti, C Morris, C Mossey, M Mote, E Motuk, CA Moura, J Mousseau, G Mouster, W Mu, L Mualem, J Mueller, M Muether, S Mufson, F Muheim, A Muir, M Mulhearn, D Munford, H Muramatsu, S Murphy, J Musser, J Nachtman, S Nagu, M Nalbandyan, R Nandakumar, D Naples, S Narita, A Nath, A Navrer-Agasson, N Nayak, M Nebot-Guinot, K Negishi, JK Nelson, J Nesbit, M Nessi, D Newbold, M Newcomer, H Newton, R Nichol, F Nicolas-Arnaldos, A Nikolica, E Niner, K Nishimura, A Norman, A Norrick, R Northrop, P Novella, JA Nowak, M Oberling, J Ochoa-Ricoux, A Olivier, A Olshevskiy, Y Onel, Y Onishchuk, J Ott, L Pagani, G Palacio, O Palamara, S Palestini, JM Paley, M Pallavicini, C Palomares, W Panduro Vazquez, E Pantic, V Paolone, V Papadimitriou, R Papaleo, A Papanestis, S Paramesvaran, S Parke, E Parozzi, Z Parsa, M Parvu, S Pascoli, L Pasqualini, J Pasternak, J Pater, C Patrick, L Patrizii, RB Patterson, SJ Patton, T Patzak, A Paudel, B Paulos, L Paulucci, Z Pavlovic, G Pawloski, D Payne, V Pec, SJM Peeters, A Pena Perez, E Pennacchio, A Penzo, OLG Peres, J Perry, D Pershey, G Pessina, G Petrillo, C Petta, R Petti, V Pia, F Piastra, L Pickering, F Pietropaolo, VL Pimentel, G Pinaroli, K Plows, R Plunkett, R Poling, F Pompa, X Pons, N Poonthottathil, F Poppi, S Pordes, J Porter, M Potekhin, R Potenza, BVKS Potukuchi, J Pozimski, M Pozzato, S Prakash, T Prakash, M Prest, S Prince, F Psihas, D Pugnere, X Qian, JL Raaf, V Radeka, J Rademacker, B Radics, A Rafique, E Raguzin, M Rai, M Rajaoalisoa, I Rakhno, A Rakotonandrasana, L 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Vilela, B Viren, T Vrba, T Wachala, AV Waldron, M Wallbank, C Wallis, H Wang, J Wang, L Wang, MHLS Wang, X Wang, Y Wang, Y Wang, K Warburton, D Warner, MO Wascko, D Waters, A Watson, K Wawrowska, P Weatherly, A Weber, M Weber, H Wei, A Weinstein, D Wenman, M Wetstein, A White, LH Whitehead, D Whittington, MJ Wilking, A Wilkinson, C Wilkinson, Z Williams, F Wilson, RJ Wilson, W Wisniewski, J Wolcott, T Wongjirad, A Wood, K Wood, E Worcester, M Worcester, K Wresilo, C Wret, W Wu, W Wu, Y Xiao, F Xie, B Yaeggy, E Yandel, G Yang, K Yang, T Yang, A Yankelevich, N Yershov, K Yonehara, YS Yoon, T Young, B Yu, H Yu, H Yu, J Yu, Y Yu, W Yuan, R Zaki, J Zalesak, L Zambelli, B Zamorano, A Zani, L Zazueta, GP Zeller, J Zennamo, K Zeug, C Zhang, S Zhang, Y Zhang, M Zhao, E Zhivun, G Zhu, ED Zimmerman, S Zucchelli, J Zuklin, V Zutshi, R Zwaska, DUNE Collaboration
Abstract:
DUNE is a dual-site experiment for long-baseline neutrino oscillation studies, neutrino astrophysics and nucleon decay searches. ProtoDUNE Dual Phase (DP) is a 6 × 6 × 6 m 3 liquid argon time-projection-chamber (LArTPC) that recorded cosmic-muon data at the CERN Neutrino Platform in 2019-2020 as a prototype of the DUNE Far Detector. Charged particles propagating through the LArTPC produce ionization and scintillation light. The scintillation light signal in these detectors can provide the trigger for non-beam events. In addition, it adds precise timing capabilities and improves the calorimetry measurements. In ProtoDUNE-DP, scintillation and electroluminescence light produced by cosmic muons in the LArTPC is collected by photomultiplier tubes placed up to 7 m away from the ionizing track. In this paper, the ProtoDUNE-DP photon detection system performance is evaluated with a particular focus on the different wavelength shifters, such as PEN and TPB, and the use of Xe-doped LAr, considering its future use in giant LArTPCs. The scintillation light production and propagation processes are analyzed and a comparison of simulation to data is performed, improving understanding of the liquid argon properties.
