Test of the universality of τ and μ lepton couplings in W-boson decays with the ATLAS detector

Nature Physics Springer Nature 17:7 (2021) 813-818

Search for pair production of third-generation scalar leptoquarks decaying into a top quark and a τ-lepton in pp collisions at s = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector

Journal of High Energy Physics Springer Nature 2021:6 (2021) 179

Authors:

G Aad, B Abbott, DC Abbott, A Abed Abud, K Abeling, DK Abhayasinghe, SH Abidi, OS AbouZeid, NL Abraham, H Abramowicz, H Abreu, Y Abulaiti, BS Acharya, B Achkar, C Adam Bourdarios, L Adamczyk, L Adamek, J Adelman, A Adiguzel, S Adorni, T Adye, AA Affolder, Y Afik, C Agapopoulou, MN Agaras, A Aggarwal, C Agheorghiesei, JA Aguilar-Saavedra, A Ahmad, F Ahmadov, WS Ahmed, X Ai, G Aielli, S Akatsuka, M Akbiyik, TPA Åkesson, E Akilli, AV Akimov, K Al Khoury, GL Alberghi, J Albert, MJ Alconada Verzini, S Alderweireldt, M Aleksa, IN Aleksandrov, C Alexa, T Alexopoulos, A Alfonsi, F Alfonsi, M Alhroob, B Ali, S Ali, M Aliev, G Alimonti, C Allaire, BMM Allbrooke, BW Allen, PP Allport, A Aloisio, F Alonso, C Alpigiani, E Alunno Camelia, M Alvarez Estevez, MG Alviggi, Y Amaral Coutinho, A Ambler, L Ambroz, C Amelung, D Amidei, SP Amor Dos Santos, S Amoroso, F An, C Anastopoulos, T Andeen, JK Anders, SY Andrean, A Andreazza, V Andrei, CR Anelli, S Angelidakis, A Angerami, AV Anisenkov, A Annovi, C Antel, MT Anthony, E Antipov, M Antonelli, DJA Antrim, F Anulli, M Aoki, JA Aparisi Pozo, MA Aparo, L Aperio Bella, N Aranzabal, V Araujo Ferraz, R Araujo Pereira, C Arcangeletti, ATH Arce, J-F Arguin, S Argyropoulos, J-H Arling, AJ Armbruster, O Arnaez, H Arnold, ZP Arrubarrena Tame, G Artoni, H Asada, K Asai, S Asai, T Asawatavonvanich, NA Asbah, L Asquith, J Assahsah, K Assamagan, R Astalos, RJ Atkin, M Atkinson, NB Atlay, H Atmani, PA Atmasiddha, K Augsten, VA Austrup, G Avolio, MK Ayoub, G Azuelos, D Babal, H Bachacou, K Bachas, F Backman, P Bagnaia, H Bahrasemani, AJ Bailey, VR Bailey, JT Baines, C Bakalis, OK Baker, PJ Bakker, E Bakos, D Bakshi Gupta, S Balaji, R Balasubramanian, EM Baldin, P Balek, F Balli, WK Balunas, J Balz, E Banas, M Bandieramonte, A Bandyopadhyay, Sw Banerjee, L Barak, WM Barbe, EL Barberio, D Barberis, M Barbero, G Barbour, T Barillari, M-S Barisits, T Barklow, R Barnea, BM Barnett, RM Barnett, Z Barnovska-Blenessy, A Baroncelli, G Barone, AJ Barr, L Barranco Navarro, F Barreiro, J Barreiro Guimarães da Costa, U Barron, S Barsov, F Bartels, R Bartoldus, G Bartolini, AE Barton, P Bartos, A Basalaev, A Basan, A Bassalat, MJ Basso, RL Bates, S Batlamous, JR Batley, B Batool, M Battaglia, M Bauce, F Bauer, P Bauer, HS Bawa, A Bayirli, JB Beacham, T Beau, PH Beauchemin, F Becherer, P Bechtle, HC Beck, HP Beck, K Becker, A Beddall, AJ Beddall, VA Bednyakov, M Bedognetti, CP Bee, TA Beermann, M Begalli, M Begel, A Behera, JK Behr, F Beisiegel, M Belfkir, AS Bell, G Bella, L Bellagamba, A Bellerive, P Bellos, K Beloborodov, K Belotskiy, NL Belyaev, D Benchekroun, N Benekos, Y Benhammou, DP Benjamin, M Benoit, JR Bensinger, S Bentvelsen, L Beresford, M Beretta, D Berge, E Bergeaas Kuutmann, N Berger, B Bergmann, LJ Bergsten, J Beringer, S Berlendis, G Bernardi, C Bernius, FU Bernlochner, T Berry, P Berta, A Berthold, IA Bertram, N Besson, S Bethke, A Betti, AJ Bevan, J Beyer, S Bhatta, DS Bhattacharya, P Bhattarai, VS Bhopatkar, RM Bianchi, O Biebel, D Biedermann, R Bielski, K Bierwagen, M Biglietti, TRV Billoud, M Bindi, A Bingul, C Bini, S Biondi, CJ Birch-sykes, M Birman, T Bisanz, JP Biswal, D Biswas, A Bitadze, C Bittrich, K Bjørke, T Blazek, I Bloch, C Blocker, A Blue, U Blumenschein, GJ Bobbink, VS Bobrovnikov, SS Bocchetta, D Bogavac, AG Bogdanchikov, C Bohm, V Boisvert, P Bokan, T Bold, AE Bolz, M Bomben, M Bona, JS Bonilla, M Boonekamp, CD Booth, AG Borbély, HM Borecka-Bielska, LS Borgna, A Borisov, G Borissov, D Bortoletto, D Boscherini, M Bosman, JD Bossio Sola, K Bouaouda, J Boudreau, EV Bouhova-Thacker, D Boumediene, A Boveia, J Boyd, D Boye, IR Boyko, AJ Bozson, J Bracinik, N Brahimi, G Brandt, O Brandt, F Braren, B Brau, JE Brau, K Brendlinger, R Brener, L Brenner, R Brenner, S Bressler, B Brickwedde, DL Briglin, D Britton, D Britzger, I Brock, R Brock, G Brooijmans, WK Brooks, E Brost, PA Bruckman de Renstrom, B Brüers, D Bruncko, A Bruni, G Bruni, M Bruschi, N Bruscino, L Bryngemark, T Buanes, Q Buat, P Buchholz, AG Buckley, IA Budagov, MK Bugge, O Bulekov, BA Bullard, TJ Burch, S Burdin, CD Burgard, AM Burger, B Burghgrave, JTP Burr, CD Burton, JC Burzynski, V Büscher, E Buschmann, PJ Bussey, JM Butler, CM Buttar, JM Butterworth, P Butti, W Buttinger, CJ Buxo Vazquez, A Buzatu, AR Buzykaev, G Cabras, S Cabrera Urbán, D Caforio, H Cai, VMM Cairo, O Cakir, N Calace, P Calafiura, G Calderini, P Calfayan, G Callea, LP Caloba, A Caltabiano, S Calvente Lopez, D Calvet, S Calvet, TP Calvet, M Calvetti, R Camacho Toro, S Camarda, D Camarero Munoz, P Camarri, MT Camerlingo, D Cameron, C Camincher, S Campana, M Campanelli, A Camplani, V Canale, A Canesse, M Cano Bret, J Cantero, T Cao, Y Cao, MDM Capeans Garrido, M Capua, R Cardarelli, F Cardillo, G Carducci, I Carli, T Carli, G Carlino, BT Carlson, EM Carlson, L Carminati, RMD Carney, S Caron, E Carquin, S Carrá, G Carratta, JWS Carter, TM Carter, MP Casado, AF Casha, EG Castiglia, FL Castillo, L Castillo Garcia, V Castillo Gimenez, NF Castro, A Catinaccio, JR Catmore, A Cattai, V Cavaliere, V Cavasinni, E Celebi, F Celli, K Cerny, AS Cerqueira, A Cerri, L Cerrito, F Cerutti, A Cervelli, SA Cetin, Z Chadi, D Chakraborty, J Chan, WY Chan, JD Chapman, B Chargeishvili, DG Charlton, TP Charman, M Chatterjee, CC Chau, S Che, S Chekanov, SV Chekulaev, GA Chelkov, B Chen, C Chen, CH Chen, H Chen, H Chen, J Chen, J Chen, J Chen, S Chen, SJ Chen, X Chen, Y Chen, Y-H Chen, HC Cheng, HJ Cheng, A Cheplakov, E Cheremushkina, R Cherkaoui El Moursli, E Cheu, K Cheung, TJA Chevalérias, L Chevalier, V Chiarella, G Chiarelli, G Chiodini, AS Chisholm, A Chitan, I Chiu, YH Chiu, MV Chizhov, K Choi, AR Chomont, Y Chou, YS Chow, LD Christopher, MC Chu, X Chu, J Chudoba, JJ Chwastowski, L Chytka, D Cieri, KM Ciesla, V Cindro, IA Cioară, A Ciocio, F Cirotto, ZH Citron, M Citterio, DA Ciubotaru, BM Ciungu, A Clark, PJ Clark, SE Clawson, C Clement, Y Coadou, M Cobal, A Coccaro, J Cochran, R Coelho Lopes De Sa, H Cohen, AEC Coimbra, B Cole, AP Colijn, J Collot, P Conde Muiño, SH Connell, IA Connelly, S Constantinescu, F Conventi, AM Cooper-Sarkar, F Cormier, KJR Cormier, LD Corpe, M Corradi, EE Corrigan, F Corriveau, MJ Costa, F Costanza, D Costanzo, G Cowan, JW Cowley, J Crane, K Cranmer, RA Creager, S Crépé-Renaudin, F Crescioli, M Cristinziani, V Croft, G Crosetti, A Cueto, T Cuhadar Donszelmann, H Cui, AR Cukierman, WR Cunningham, S Czekierda, P Czodrowski, MM Czurylo, MJ Da Cunha Sargedas De Sousa, JV Da Fonseca Pinto, C Da Via, W Dabrowski, F Dachs, T Dado, S Dahbi, T Dai, C Dallapiccola, M Dam, G D’amen, V D’Amico, J Damp, JR Dandoy, MF Daneri, M Danninger, V Dao, G Darbo, O Dartsi, T Daubney, S D’Auria, C David, T Davidek, DR Davis, I Dawson, K De, R De Asmundis, M De Beurs, S De Castro, N De Groot, P de Jong, H De la Torre, A De Maria, D De Pedis, A De Salvo, U De Sanctis, A De Santo, JB De Vivie De Regie, DV Dedovich, AM Deiana, J Del Peso, Y Delabat Diaz, D Delgove, F Deliot, CM Delitzsch, M Della Pietra, D Della Volpe, A Dell’Acqua, L Dell’Asta, M Delmastro, C Delporte, PA Delsart, S Demers, M Demichev, G Demontigny, SP Denisov, L D’Eramo, D Derendarz, JE Derkaoui, F Derue, P Dervan, K Desch, K Dette, C Deutsch, MR Devesa, PO Deviveiros, FA Di Bello, A Di Ciaccio, L Di Ciaccio, WK Di Clemente, C Di Donato, A Di Girolamo, G Di Gregorio, A Di Luca, B Di Micco, R Di Nardo, KF Di Petrillo, R Di Sipio, C Diaconu, FA Dias, T Dias Do Vale, MA Diaz, FG Diaz Capriles, J Dickinson, M Didenko, EB Diehl, J Dietrich, S Díez Cornell, C Diez Pardos, A Dimitrievska, W Ding, J Dingfelder, SJ Dittmeier, F Dittus, F Djama, T Djobava, JI Djuvsland, MAB Do Vale, M Dobre, C Doglioni, J Dolejsi, Z Dolezal, M Donadelli, B Dong, J Donini, A D’onofrio, M D’Onofrio, J Dopke, A Doria, MT Dova, AT Doyle, E Drechsler, E Dreyer, T Dreyer, AS Drobac, D Du, TA du Pree, Y Duan, F Dubinin, M Dubovsky, A Dubreuil, E Duchovni, G Duckeck, OA Ducu, D Duda, A Dudarev, AC Dudder, EM Duffield, M D’uffizi, L Duflot, M Dührssen, C Dülsen, M Dumancic, AE Dumitriu, M Dunford, S Dungs, A Duperrin, H Duran Yildiz, M Düren, A Durglishvili, D Duschinger, B Dutta, D Duvnjak, GI Dyckes, M Dyndal, S Dysch, BS Dziedzic, MG Eggleston, T Eifert, G Eigen, K Einsweiler, T Ekelof, H El Jarrari, V Ellajosyula, M Ellert, F Ellinghaus, AA Elliot, N Ellis, J Elmsheuser, M Elsing, D Emeliyanov, A Emerman, Y Enari, MB Epland, J Erdmann, A Ereditato, PA Erland, M Errenst, M Escalier, C Escobar, O Estrada Pastor, E Etzion, G Evans, H Evans, MO Evans, A Ezhilov, F Fabbri, L Fabbri, V Fabiani, G Facini, RM Fakhrutdinov, S Falciano, PJ Falke, S Falke, J Faltova, Y Fang, Y Fang, G Fanourakis, M Fanti, M Faraj, A Farbin, A Farilla, EM Farina, T Farooque, SM Farrington, P Farthouat, F Fassi, P Fassnacht, D Fassouliotis, M Faucci Giannelli, WJ Fawcett, L Fayard, OL Fedin, W Fedorko, A Fehr, M Feickert, L Feligioni, A Fell, C Feng, M Feng, MJ Fenton, AB Fenyuk, SW Ferguson, J Ferrando, A Ferrari, P Ferrari, R Ferrari, DE Ferreira de Lima, A Ferrer, D Ferrere, C Ferretti, F Fiedler, A Filipčič, F Filthaut, KD Finelli, MCN Fiolhais, L Fiorini, F Fischer, J Fischer, WC Fisher, T Fitschen, I Fleck, P Fleischmann, T Flick, BM Flierl, L Flores, LR Flores Castillo, FM Follega, N Fomin, JH Foo, GT Forcolin, BC Forland, A Formica, FA Förster, AC Forti, E Fortin, MG Foti, D Fournier, H Fox, P Francavilla, S Francescato, M Franchini, S Franchino, D Francis, L Franco, L Franconi, M Franklin, G Frattari, AN Fray, PM Freeman, B Freund, WS Freund, EM Freundlich, DC Frizzell, D Froidevaux, JA Frost, M Fujimoto, C Fukunaga, E Fullana Torregrosa, T Fusayasu, J Fuster, A Gabrielli, A Gabrielli, S Gadatsch, P Gadow, G Gagliardi, LG Gagnon, GE Gallardo, EJ Gallas, BJ Gallop, R Gamboa Goni, KK Gan, S Ganguly, J Gao, Y Gao, YS Gao, FM Garay Walls, C García, JE García Navarro, JA García Pascual, C Garcia-Argos, M Garcia-Sciveres, RW Gardner, N Garelli, S Gargiulo, CA Garner, V Garonne, SJ Gasiorowski, P Gaspar, A Gaudiello, G Gaudio, P Gauzzi, IL Gavrilenko, A Gavrilyuk, C Gay, G Gaycken, EN Gazis, AA Geanta, CM Gee, CNP Gee, J Geisen, M Geisen, C Gemme, MH Genest, C Geng, S Gentile, S George, T Geralis, LO Gerlach, P Gessinger-Befurt, G Gessner, M Ghasemi Bostanabad, M Ghneimat, A Ghosh, A Ghosh, B Giacobbe, S Giagu, N Giangiacomi, P Giannetti, A Giannini, G Giannini, SM Gibson, M Gignac, DT Gil, BJ Gilbert, D Gillberg, G Gilles, NEK Gillwald, DM Gingrich, MP Giordani, PF Giraud, G Giugliarelli, D Giugni, F Giuli, S Gkaitatzis, I Gkialas, EL Gkougkousis, P Gkountoumis, LK Gladilin, C Glasman, J Glatzer, PCF Glaysher, A Glazov, GR Gledhill, I Gnesi, M Goblirsch-Kolb, D Godin, S Goldfarb, T Golling, D Golubkov, A Gomes, R Goncalves Gama, R Gonçalo, G Gonella, L Gonella, A Gongadze, F Gonnella, JL Gonski, S González de la Hoz, S Gonzalez Fernandez, R Gonzalez Lopez, C Gonzalez Renteria, R Gonzalez Suarez, S Gonzalez-Sevilla, GR Gonzalvo Rodriguez, L Goossens, NA Gorasia, PA Gorbounov, HA Gordon, B Gorini, E Gorini, A Gorišek, AT Goshaw, MI Gostkin, CA Gottardo, M Gouighri, AG Goussiou, N Govender, C Goy, I Grabowska-Bold, EC Graham, J Gramling, E Gramstad, S Grancagnolo, M Grandi, V Gratchev, PM Gravila, FG Gravili, C Gray, HM Gray, C Grefe, K Gregersen, IM Gregor, P Grenier, K Grevtsov, C Grieco, NA Grieser, AA Grillo, K Grimm, S Grinstein, J-F Grivaz, S Groh, E Gross, J Grosse-Knetter, ZJ Grout, C Grud, A Grummer, JC Grundy, L Guan, W Guan, C Gubbels, J Guenther, A Guerguichon, JGR Guerrero Rojas, F Guescini, D Guest, R Gugel, A Guida, T Guillemin, S Guindon, J Guo, W Guo, Y Guo, Z Guo, R Gupta, S Gurbuz, G Gustavino, M Guth, P Gutierrez, C Gutschow, C Guyot, C Gwenlan, CB Gwilliam, ES Haaland, A Haas, C Haber, HK Hadavand, A Hadef, M Haleem, J Haley, JJ Hall, G Halladjian, GD Hallewell, K Hamano, H Hamdaoui, M Hamer, GN Hamity, K Han, L Han, L Han, S Han, YF Han, K Hanagaki, M Hance, DM Handl, MD Hank, R Hankache, E Hansen, JB Hansen, JD Hansen, MC Hansen, PH Hansen, EC Hanson, K Hara, T Harenberg, S Harkusha, PF Harrison, NM Hartman, NM Hartmann, Y Hasegawa, A Hasib, S Hassani, S Haug, R Hauser, M Havranek, CM Hawkes, RJ Hawkings, S Hayashida, D Hayden, C Hayes, RL Hayes, CP Hays, JM Hays, HS Hayward, SJ Haywood, F He, Y He, MP Heath, V Hedberg, AL Heggelund, ND Hehir, C Heidegger, KK Heidegger, WD Heidorn, J Heilman, S Heim, T Heim, B Heinemann, JG Heinlein, JJ Heinrich, L Heinrich, J Hejbal, L Helary, A Held, S Hellesund, CM Helling, S Hellman, C Helsens, RCW Henderson, L Henkelmann, AM Henriques Correia, H Herde, Y Hernández Jiménez, MG Herrmann, T Herrmann, G Herten, R Hertenberger, L Hervas, GG Hesketh, NP Hessey, H Hibi, S Higashino, E Higón-Rodriguez, K Hildebrand, JC Hill, KK Hill, KH Hiller, SJ Hillier, M Hils, I Hinchliffe, F Hinterkeuser, M Hirose, S Hirose, D Hirschbuehl, B Hiti, O Hladik, J Hobbs, R Hobincu, N Hod, MC Hodgkinson, A Hoecker, D Hohn, D Hohov, T Holm, TR Holmes, M Holzbock, LBAH Hommels, TM Hong, JC Honig, A Hönle, BH Hooberman, WH Hopkins, Y Horii, P Horn, LA Horyn, S Hou, A Hoummada, J Howarth, J Hoya, M Hrabovsky, J Hrivnac, A Hrynevich, T Hryn’ova, PJ Hsu, S-C Hsu, Q Hu, S Hu, YF Hu, DP Huang, X Huang, Y Huang, Y Huang, Z Hubacek, F Hubaut, M Huebner, F Huegging, TB Huffman, M Huhtinen, R Hulsken, RFH Hunter, N Huseynov, J Huston, J Huth, R Hyneman, S Hyrych, G Iacobucci, G Iakovidis, I Ibragimov, L Iconomidou-Fayard, P Iengo, R Ignazzi, R Iguchi, T Iizawa, Y Ikegami, M Ikeno, N Ilic, F Iltzsche, H Imam, G Introzzi, M Iodice, K Iordanidou, V Ippolito, MF Isacson, M Ishino, W Islam, C Issever, S Istin, JM Iturbe Ponce, R Iuppa, A Ivina, JM Izen, V Izzo, P Jacka, P Jackson, RM Jacobs, BP Jaeger, V Jain, G Jäkel, KB Jakobi, K Jakobs, T Jakoubek, J Jamieson, KW Janas, R Jansky, M Janus, PA Janus, G Jarlskog, AE Jaspan, N Javadov, M Javurkova, F Jeanneau, L Jeanty, J Jejelava, P Jenni, N Jeong, S Jézéquel, J Jia, Z Jia, H Jiang, Y Jiang, Z Jiang, S Jiggins, FA Jimenez Morales, J Jimenez Pena, S Jin, A Jinaru, O Jinnouchi, P Johansson, KA Johns, E Jones, RWL Jones, SD Jones, TJ Jones, J Jovicevic, X Ju, JJ Junggeburth, A Juste Rozas, A Kaczmarska, M Kado, H Kagan, M Kagan, A Kahn, C Kahra, T Kaji, E Kajomovitz, CW Kalderon, A Kaluza, M Kaneda, NJ Kang, S Kang, Y Kano, J Kanzaki, LS Kaplan, D Kar, K Karava, MJ Kareem, I Karkanias, SN Karpov, ZM Karpova, V Kartvelishvili, AN Karyukhin, E Kasimi, A Kastanas, C Kato, J Katzy, K Kawade, K Kawagoe, T Kawamoto, G Kawamura, EF Kay, FI Kaya, S Kazakos, VF Kazanin, JM Keaveney, R Keeler, JS Keller, E Kellermann, D Kelsey, JJ Kempster, KE Kennedy, O Kepka, S Kersten, BP Kerševan, S Ketabchi Haghighat, F Khalil-Zada, M Khandoga, A Khanov, AG Kharlamov, T Kharlamova, EE Khoda, TJ Khoo, G Khoriauli, E Khramov, J Khubua, S Kido, M Kiehn, E Kim, YK Kim, N Kimura, A Kirchhoff, D Kirchmeier, J Kirk, AE Kiryunin, T Kishimoto, DP Kisliuk, V Kitali, C Kitsaki, O Kivernyk, T Klapdor-Kleingrothaus, M Klassen, C Klein, MH Klein, M Klein, U Klein, K Kleinknecht, P Klimek, A Klimentov, F Klimpel, T Klingl, T Klioutchnikova, FF Klitzner, P Kluit, S Kluth, E Kneringer, EBFG Knoops, A Knue, D Kobayashi, M Kobel, M Kocian, P Kodys, DM Koeck, PT Koenig, T Koffas, NM Köhler, M Kolb, I Koletsou, T Komarek, T Kondo, K Köneke, AXY Kong, AC König, T Kono, V Konstantinides, N Konstantinidis, B Konya, R Kopeliansky, S Koperny, K Korcyl, K Kordas, G Koren, A Korn, I Korolkov, EV Korolkova, N Korotkova, O Kortner, S Kortner, VV Kostyukhin, A Kotsokechagia, A Kotwal, A Koulouris, A Kourkoumeli-Charalampidi, C Kourkoumelis, E Kourlitis, V Kouskoura, R Kowalewski, W Kozanecki, AS Kozhin, VA Kramarenko, G Kramberger, D Krasnopevtsev, MW Krasny, A Krasznahorkay, D Krauss, JA Kremer, J Kretzschmar, K Kreul, P Krieger, F Krieter, S Krishnamurthy, A Krishnan, M Krivos, K Krizka, K Kroeninger, H Kroha, J Kroll, J Kroll, KS Krowpman, U Kruchonak, H Krüger, N Krumnack, MC Kruse, JA Krzysiak, A Kubota, O Kuchinskaia, S Kuday, D Kuechler, JT Kuechler, S Kuehn, T Kuhl, V Kukhtin, Y Kulchitsky, S Kuleshov, YP Kulinich, A Kupco, T Kupfer, O Kuprash, H Kurashige, LL Kurchaninov, YA Kurochkin, A Kurova, MG Kurth, M Kuze, AK Kvam, J Kvita, T Kwan, C Lacasta, F Lacava, DPJ Lack, H Lacker, D Lacour, E Ladygin, R Lafaye, B Laforge, T Lagouri, S Lai, IK Lakomiec, JE Lambert, S Lammers, W Lampl, C Lampoudis, E Lançon, U Landgraf, MPJ Landon, VS Lang, JC Lange, RJ Langenberg, AJ Lankford, F Lanni, K Lantzsch, A Lanza, A Lapertosa, JF Laporte, T Lari, F Lasagni Manghi, M Lassnig, V Latonova, TS Lau, A Laudrain, A Laurier, M Lavorgna, SD Lawlor, M Lazzaroni, B Le, E Le Guirriec, A Lebedev, M LeBlanc, T LeCompte, F Ledroit-Guillon, ACA Lee, CA Lee, GR Lee, L Lee, SC Lee, S Lee, B Lefebvre, HP Lefebvre, M Lefebvre, C Leggett, K Lehmann, N Lehmann, G Lehmann Miotto, WA Leight, A Leisos, MAL Leite, CE Leitgeb, R Leitner, KJC Leney, T Lenz, S Leone, C Leonidopoulos, A Leopold, C Leroy, R Les, CG Lester, M Levchenko, J Levêque, D Levin, LJ Levinson, DJ Lewis, B Li, B Li, C-Q Li, F 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Do supernovae indicate an accelerating universe?

The European Physical Journal Special Topics Springer Science and Business Media LLC (2021)

Authors:

Roya Mohayaee, Mohamed Rameez, Subir Sarkar

Abstract:

AbstractIn the late 1990’s, observations of two directionally-skewed samples of, in total, 93 Type Ia supernovae were analysed in the framework of the Friedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker (FLRW) cosmology. Assuming these to be ‘standard(isable) candles’ it was inferred that the Hubble expansion rate is accelerating as if driven by a positive Cosmological Constant $$\varLambda $$ Λ in Einstein’s theory of gravity. This is still the only direct evidence for the ‘dark energy’ that is the dominant component of today’s standard $$\varLambda $$ Λ CDM cosmological model. Other data such as baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO) in the large-scale distribution of galaxies, temperature fluctuations in the cosmic microwave background (CMB), measurement of stellar ages, the rate of growth of structure, etc are all ‘concordant’ with this model but do not provide independent evidence for accelerated expansion. The recent discussions about whether the inferred acceleration is real rests on analysis of a larger sample of 740 SNe Ia which shows that these are not quite standard candles, and more importantly highlights the ‘corrections’ that are applied to analyse the data in the FLRW framework. The latter holds in the reference frame in which the CMB is isotropic, whereas observations are carried out in our heliocentric frame in which the CMB has a large dipole anisotropy. This is assumed to be of kinematic origin i.e. due to our non-Hubble motion driven by local inhomogeneity in the matter distribution which has grown under gravity from primordial density perturbations traced by the CMB fluctuations. The $$\varLambda $$ Λ CDM model predicts how this peculiar velocity should fall off as the averaging scale is raised and the universe becomes sensibly homogeneous. However observations of the local ‘bulk flow’ are inconsistent with this expectation and convergence to the CMB frame is not seen. Moreover, the kinematic interpretation implies a corresponding dipole in the sky distribution of high redshift quasars, which is rejected by observations at $$4.9\sigma $$ 4.9 σ . Hence the peculiar velocity corrections employed in supernova cosmology are inconsistent and discontinuous within the data. The acceleration of the Hubble expansion rate is in fact anisotropic at $$3.9\sigma $$ 3.9 σ and aligned with the bulk flow. Thus dark energy could be an artefact of analysing data assuming that we are idealised observers in an FLRW universe, when in fact the real universe is inhomogeneous and anisotropic out to distances large enough to impact on cosmological analyses.

Do supernovae indicate an accelerating universe?

(2021)

Authors:

Roya Mohayaee, Mohamed Rameez, Subir Sarkar

IceCube-Gen2: the window to the extreme Universe

IOP Publishing 48:6 (2021) 060501

Authors:

MG Aartsen, R Abbasi, M Ackermann, J Adams, JA Aguilar, M Ahlers, M Ahrens, C Alispach, P Allison, NM Amin, K Andeen, T Anderson, I Ansseau, G Anton, C Argüelles, TC Arlen, J Auffenberg, S Axani, H Bagherpour, X Bai, A Balagopal, A Barbano, I Bartos, B Bastian, V Basu, V Baum, S Baur, R Bay, JJ Beatty, K-H Becker, J Becker Tjus, S BenZvi, D Berley, E Bernardini, DZ Besson, G Binder, D Bindig, E Blaufuss, S Blot, C Bohm, M Bohmer, S Böser, O Botner, J Böttcher, E Bourbeau, J Bourbeau, F Bradascio, J Braun, S Bron, J Brostean-Kaiser, A Burgman, RT Burley, J Buscher, RS Busse, M Bustamante, MA Campana, EG Carnie-Bronca, T Carver, C Chen, P Chen, E Cheung, D Chirkin, S Choi, BA Clark, K Clark, L Classen, A Coleman, GH Collin, A Connolly, JM Conrad, P Coppin, P Correa, DF Cowen, R Cross, P Dave, C Deaconu, C De Clercq, JJ DeLaunay, S De Kockere, H Dembinski, K Deoskar, S De Ridder, A Desai, P Desiati, KD de Vries, G de Wasseige, M de With, T DeYoung, S Dharani, A Diaz, JC Díaz-Vélez, H Dujmovic, M Dunkman, MA DuVernois, E Dvorak, T Ehrhardt, P Eller, R Engel, JJ Evans, PA Evenson, S Fahey, K Farrag, AR Fazely, J Felde, AT Fienberg, K Filimonov, C Finley, L Fischer, D Fox, A Franckowiak, E Friedman, A Fritz, TK Gaisser, J Gallagher, E Ganster, D Garcia-Fernandez, S Garrappa, A Gartner, L Gerhard, R Gernhaeuser, A Ghadimi, C Glaser, T Glauch, T Glüsenkamp, A Goldschmidt, JG Gonzalez, S Goswami, D Grant, T Grégoire, Z Griffith, S Griswold, M Gündüz, C Haack, A Hallgren, R Halliday, L Halve, F Halzen, JC Hanson, K Hanson, J Hardin, J Haugen, A Haungs, S Hauser, D Hebecker, D Heinen, P Heix, K Helbing, R Hellauer, F Henningsen, S Hickford, J Hignight, C Hill, GC Hill, KD Hoffman, B Hoffmann, R Hoffmann, T Hoinka, B Hokanson-Fasig, K Holzapfel, K Hoshina, F Huang, M Huber, T Huber, T Huege, K Hughes, K Hultqvist, M Hünnefeld, R Hussain, S In, N Iovine, A Ishihara, M Jansson, GS Japaridze, M Jeong, BJP Jones, F Jonske, R Joppe, O Kalekin, D Kang, W Kang, X Kang, A Kappes, D Kappesser, T Karg, M Karl, A Karle, T Katori, U Katz, M Kauer, A Keivani, M Kellermann, JL Kelley, A Kheirandish, J Kim, K Kin, T Kintscher, J Kiryluk, T Kittler, M Kleifges, SR Klein, R Koirala, H Kolanoski, L Köpke, C Kopper, S Kopper, DJ Koskinen, P Koundal, M Kovacevich, M Kowalski, CB Krauss, K Krings, G Krückl, N Kulacz, N Kurahashi, C Lagunas Gualda, R Lahmann, JL Lanfranchi, MJ Larson, U Latif, F Lauber, JP Lazar, K Leonard, A Leszczyńska, Y Li, QR Liu, E Lohfink, J LoSecco, CJ Lozano Mariscal, L Lu, F Lucarelli, A Ludwig, J Lünemann, W Luszczak, Y Lyu, W Y, J Madsen, G Maggi, KBM Mahn, Y Makino, P Mallik, S Mancina, S Mandalia, IC Mariş, S Marka, Z Marka, R Maruyama, K Mase, R Maunu, F McNally, K Meagher, A Medina, M Meier, S Meighen-Berger, J Merz, ZS Meyers, J Micallef, D Mockler, G Momenté, T Montaruli, RW Moore, R Morse, M Moulai, P Muth, R Naab, R Nagai, J Nam, U Nauman, J Necker, G Neer, A Nelles, LV Nguyễn, H Niederhausen, MU Nisa, SC Nowicki, DR Nygren, E Oberla, A Obertacke Pollmann, M Oehler, A Olivas, E O’Sullivan, Y Pan, H Pandya, DV Pankova, L Papp, N Park, GK Parker, EN Paudel, P Peiffer, C Pérez de los Heros, TC Petersen, S Philippen, D Pieloth, S Pieper, JL Pinfold, A Pizzuto, I Plaisier, M Plum, Y Popovych, A Porcelli, M Prado Rodriguez, PB Price, GT Przybylski, C Raab, A Raissi, M Rameez, L Rauch, K Rawlins, IC Rea, A Rehman, R Reimann, M Renschler, G Renzi, E Resconi, S Reusch, W Rhode, M Richman, B Riedel, M Riegel, EJ Roberts, S Robertson, G Roellinghoff, M Rongen, C Rott, T Ruhe, D Ryckbosch, D Rysewyk Cantu, I Safa, SE Sanchez Herrera, A Sandrock, J Sandroos, P Sandstrom, M Santander, S Sarkar, S Sarkar, K Satalecka, M Scharf, M Schaufel, H Schieler, P Schlunder, T Schmidt, A Schneider, J Schneider, FG Schröder, L Schumacher, S Sclafani, D Seckel, S Seunarine, MH Shaevitz, A Sharma, S Shefali, M Silva, D Smith, B Smithers, R Snihur, J Soedingrekso, D Soldin, S Söldner-Rembold, M Song, D Southall, GM Spiczak, C Spiering, J Stachurska, M Stamatikos, T Stanev, R Stein, J Stettner, A Steuer, T Stezelberger, RG Stokstad, NL Strotjohann, T Stürwald, T Stuttard, GW Sullivan, I Taboada, A Taketa, HKM Tanaka, F Tenholt, S Ter-Antonyan, A Terliuk, S Tilav, K Tollefson, L Tomankova, C Tönnis, J Torres, S Toscano, D Tosi, A Trettin, M Tselengidou, CF Tung, A Turcati, R Turcotte, CF Turley, JP Twagirayezu, B Ty, E Unger, MA Unland Elorrieta, J Vandenbroucke, D van Eijk, N van Eijndhoven, D Vannerom, J van Santen, D Veberic, S Verpoest, A Vieregg, M Vraeghe, C Walck, TB Watson, C Weaver, A Weindl, L Weinstock, MJ Weiss, J Weldert, C Welling, C Wendt, J Werthebach, N Whitehorn, K Wiebe, CH Wiebusch, DR Williams, SA Wissel, M Wolf, TR Wood, K Woschnagg, G Wrede, S Wren, J Wulff, XW Xu, Y Xu, JP Yanez, S Yoshida, T Yuan, Z Zhang, S Zierke, M Zöcklein