Absolute luminosity measurements with the LHCb detector at the LHC
ArXiv 1110.2866 (2011)
Authors:
The LHCb Collaboration, R Aaij, B Adeva, M Adinolfi, C Adrover, A Affolder, Z Ajaltouni, J Albrecht, F Alessio, M Alexander, G Alkhazov, P Alvarez Cartelle, AA Alves Jr, S Amato, Y Amhis, J Anderson, RB Appleby, O Aquines Gutierrez, F Archilli, L Arrabito, A Artamonov, M Artuso, E Aslanides, G Auriemma, S Bachmann, JJ Back, DS Bailey, V Balagura, W Baldini, RJ Barlow, C Barschel, S Barsuk, W Barter, A Bates, C Bauer, Th Bauer, A Bay, I Bediaga, K Belous, I Belyaev, E Ben-Haim, M Benayoun, G Bencivenni, S Benson, J Benton, R Bernet, M-O Bettler, M van Beuzekom, A Bien, S Bifani, A Bizzeti, PM Bjørnstad, T Blake, F Blanc, C Blanks, J Blouw, S Blusk, A Bobrov, V Bocci, A Bondar, N Bondar, W Bonivento, S Borghi, A Borgia, TJV Bowcock, C Bozzi, T Brambach, J van den Brand, J Bressieux, D Brett, S Brisbane, M Britsch, T Britton, NH Brook, H Brown, A Büchler-Germann, I Burducea, A Bursche, J Buytaert, S Cadeddu, JM Caicedo Carvajal, O Callot, M Calvi, M Calvo Gomez, A Camboni, P Campana, A Carbone, G Carboni, R Cardinale, A Cardini, L Carson, K Carvalho Akiba, G Casse, M Cattaneo, M Charles, Ph Charpentier, N Chiapolini, K Ciba, X Cid Vidal, G Ciezarek, PEL Clarke, M Clemencic, HV Cliff, J Closier, C Coca, V Coco, J Cogan, P Collins, F Constantin, G Conti, A Contu, A Cook, M Coombes, G Corti, GA Cowan, R Currie, B D'Almagne, C D'Ambrosio, P David, I De Bonis, S De Capua, M De Cian, F De Lorenzi, JM De Miranda, L De Paula, P De Simone, D Decamp, M Deckenhoff, H Degaudenzi, M Deissenroth, L Del Buono, C Deplano, O Deschamps, F Dettori, J Dickens, H Dijkstra, P Diniz Batista, S Donleavy, F Dordei, A Dosil Suárez, D Dossett, A Dovbnya, F Dupertuis, R Dzhelyadin, C Eames, S Easo, U Egede, V Egorychev, S Eidelman, D van Eijk, F Eisele, S Eisenhardt, R Ekelhof, L Eklund, Ch Elsasser, DG d'Enterria, D Esperante Pereira, L Estève, A Falabella, E Fanchini, C Färber, G Fardell, C Farinelli, S Farry, V Fave, V Fernandez Albor, M Ferro-Luzzi, S Filippov, C Fitzpatrick, M Fontana, F Fontanelli, R Forty, M Frank, C Frei, M Frosini, S Furcas, A Gallas Torreira, D Galli, M Gandelman, P Gandini, Y Gao, J-C Garnier, J Garofoli, J Garra Tico, L Garrido, C Gaspar, N Gauvin, M Gersabeck, T Gershon, Ph Ghez, V Gibson, VV Gligorov, C Göbel, D Golubkov, A Golutvin, A Gomes, H Gordon, M Grabalosa Gándara, R Graciani Diaz, LA Granado Cardoso, E Graugés, G Graziani, A Grecu, S Gregson, B Gui, E Gushchin, Yu Guz, T Gys, G Haefeli, C Haen, SC Haines, T Hampson, S Hansmann-Menzemer, R Harji, N Harnew, J Harrison, PF Harrison, J He, V Heijne, K Hennessy, P Henrard, JA Hernando Morata, E van Herwijnen, E Hicks, W Hofmann, K Holubyev, P Hopchev, W Hulsbergen, P Hunt, T Huse, RS Huston, D Hutchcroft, D Hynds, V Iakovenko, P Ilten, J Imong, R Jacobsson, A Jaeger, M Jahjah Hussein, E Jans, F Jansen, P Jaton, B Jean-Marie, F Jing, M John, D Johnson, CR Jones, B Jost, S Kandybei, M Karacson, TM Karbach, J Keaveney, U Kerzel, T Ketel, A Keune, B Khanji, YM Kim, M Knecht, S Koblitz, P Koppenburg, A Kozlinskiy, L Kravchuk, K Kreplin, M Kreps, G Krocker, P Krokovny, F Kruse, K Kruzelecki, M Kucharczyk, S Kukulak, R Kumar, T Kvaratskheliya, VN La Thi, D Lacarrere, G Lafferty, A Lai, D Lambert, RW Lambert, E Lanciotti, G Lanfranchi, C Langenbruch, T Latham, R Le Gac, J van Leerdam, J-P Lees, R Lefèvre, A Leflat, J Lefrançois, O Leroy, T Lesiak, L Li, L Li Gioi, M Lieng, M Liles, R Lindner, C Linn, B Liu, G Liu, JH Lopes, E Lopez Asamar, N Lopez-March, J Luisier, F Machefert, IV Machikhiliyan, F Maciuc, O Maev, J Magnin, S Malde, RMD Mamunur, G Manca, G Mancinelli, N Mangiafave, U Marconi, R Märki, J Marks, G Martellotti, A Martens, L Martin, A Martín Sánchez, D Martinez Santos, A Massafferri, R Matev, Z Mathe, C Matteuzzi, M Matveev, E Maurice, B Maynard, A Mazurov, G McGregor, R McNulty, C Mclean, M Meissner, M Merk, J Merkel, R Messi, S Miglioranzi, DA Milanes, M-N Minard, S Monteil, D Moran, P Morawski, R Mountain, I Mous, F Muheim, K Müller, R Muresan, B Muryn, M Musy, J Mylroie-Smith, P Naik, T Nakada, R Nandakumar, J Nardulli, I Nasteva, M Nedos, M Needham, N Neufeld, C Nguyen-Mau, M Nicol, S Nies, V Niess, N Nikitin, A Oblakowska-Mucha, V Obraztsov, S Oggero, S Ogilvy, O Okhrimenko, R Oldeman, M Orlandea, JM Otalora Goicochea, P Owen, B Pal, J Palacios, M Palutan, J Panman, A Papanestis, M Pappagallo, C Parkes, CJ Parkinson, G Passaleva, GD Patel, M Patel, SK Paterson, GN Patrick, C Patrignani, C Pavel-Nicorescu, A Pazos Alvarez, A Pellegrino, G Penso, M Pepe Altarelli, S Perazzini, DL Perego, E Perez Trigo, A Pérez-Calero Yzquierdo, P Perret, M Perrin-Terrin, G Pessina, A Petrella, A Petrolini, B Pie Valls, B Pietrzyk, T Pilar, D Pinci, R Plackett, S Playfer, M Plo Casasus, G Polok, A Poluektov, E Polycarpo, D Popov, B Popovici, C Potterat, A Powell, T du Pree, J Prisciandaro, V Pugatch, A Puig Navarro, W Qian, JH Rademacker, B Rakotomiaramanana, MS Rangel, I Raniuk, G Raven, S Redford, MM Reid, AC dos Reis, S Ricciardi, K Rinnert, DA Roa Romero, P Robbe, E Rodrigues, F Rodrigues, P Rodriguez Perez, GJ Rogers, S Roiser, V Romanovsky, J Rouvinet, T Ruf, H Ruiz, G Sabatino, JJ Saborido Silva, N Sagidova, P Sail, B Saitta, C Salzmann, M Sannino, R Santacesaria, C Santamarina Rios, R Santinelli, E Santovetti, M Sapunov, A Sarti, C Satriano, A Satta, M Savrie, D Savrina, P Schaack, M Schiller, S Schleich, M Schmelling, B Schmidt, O Schneider, A Schopper, M-H Schune, R Schwemmer, A Sciubba, M Seco, A Semennikov, K Senderowska, I Sepp, N Serra, J Serrano, P Seyfert, B Shao, M Shapkin, I Shapoval, P Shatalov, Y Shcheglov, T Shears, L Shekhtman, O Shevchenko, V Shevchenko, A Shires, R Silva Coutinho, HP Skottowe, T Skwarnicki, AC Smith, NA Smith, K Sobczak, FJP Soler, A Solomin, F Soomro, B Souza De Paula, B Spaan, A Sparkes, P Spradlin, F Stagni, S Stahl, O Steinkamp, S Stoica, S Stone, B Storaci, M Straticiuc, U Straumann, N Styles, VK Subbiah, S Swientek, M Szczekowski, P Szczypka, T Szumlak, S T'Jampens, E Teodorescu, F Teubert, C Thomas, E Thomas, J van Tilburg, V Tisserand, M Tobin, S Topp-Joergensen, MT Tran, A Tsaregorodtsev, N Tuning, M Ubeda Garcia, A Ukleja, P Urquijo, U Uwer, V Vagnoni, G Valenti, R Vazquez Gomez, P Vazquez Regueiro, S Vecchi, JJ Velthuis, M Veltri, K Vervink, B Viaud, I Videau, X Vilasis-Cardona, J Visniakov, A Vollhardt, D Voong, A Vorobyev, H Voss, K Wacker, S Wandernoth, J Wang, DR Ward, AD Webber, D Websdale, M Whitehead, D Wiedner, L Wiggers, G Wilkinson, MP Williams, M Williams, FF Wilson, J Wishahi, M Witek, W Witzeling, SA Wotton, K Wyllie, Y Xie, F Xing, Z Yang, R Young, O Yushchenko, M Zavertyaev, F Zhang, L Zhang, WC Zhang, Y Zhang, A Zhelezov, L Zhong, E Zverev, A Zvyagin
Abstract:
Absolute luminosity measurements are of general interest for colliding-beam
experiments at storage rings. These measurements are necessary to determine the
absolute cross-sections of reaction processes and are valuable to quantify the
performance of the accelerator. Using data taken in 2010, LHCb has applied two
methods to determine the absolute scale of its luminosity measurements for
proton-proton collisions at the LHC with a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV. In
addition to the classic "van der Meer scan" method a novel technique has been
developed which makes use of direct imaging of the individual beams using
beam-gas and beam-beam interactions. This beam imaging method is made possible
by the high resolution of the LHCb vertex detector and the close proximity of
the detector to the beams, and allows beam parameters such as positions, angles
and widths to be determined. The results of the two methods have comparable
precision and are in good agreement. Combining the two methods, an overall
precision of 3.5% in the absolute luminosity determination is reached. The
techniques used to transport the absolute luminosity calibration to the full
2010 data-taking period are presented.
