Richard Nickerson: Publications

The evaporative cooling system for the ATLAS inner detector

Journal of Instrumentation 3:7 (2008)

Authors:

D Attree, B Anderson, EC Anderssen, V Akhnazarov, RJ Apsimon, P Barclay, LE Batchelor, RL Bates, M Battistin, J Bendotti, S Berry, A Bitadze, P Bizzel, P Bonneau, M Bosteels, JM Butterworth, S Butterworth, AA Carter, JR Carter, A Catinaccio, F Corbaz, HO Danielsson, E Danilevich, N Dixon, SD Dixon, F Doherty, O Dorholt, M Doubrava, I Egorov, K Egorov, K Einsweiler, AC Falou, P Feraudet, P Ferrari, K Fowler, JT Fraser, RS French, M Galuska, F Gannaway, G Gariano, MD Gibson, M Gilchriese, D Giugni, J Godlewski, I Gousakov, B Gorski, GD Hallewell, N Hartman, RJ Hawkings, SJ Haywood, NP Hessey, S Infante, JN Jackson, TJ Jones, J Kaplon, S Katunin, S Lindsay, L Luisa, N Massol, F McEwan, J McMahon, C Menot, J Mistry, J Morris, DM Muskett, K Nagai, A Nichols, R Nicholson, RB Nickerson, SL Nielsen, PE Nordahl, M Olcese, M Parodi, F Perez-Gomez, H Pernegger, E Perrin, LP Rossi, A Rovani, E Ruscino, H Sandaker, A Smith, V Sopko, S Stapnes, M Stodulski, J Tarrant, J Thadome, D Tovey, M Turala, M Tyndel, V Vacek, E Van Der Kraaij, GHA Viehhauser, E Vigeolas, PS Wells, S Wenig, P Werneke

Abstract:

This paper describes the evaporative system used to cool the silicon detector structures of the inner detector sub-detectors of the ATLAS experiment at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. The motivation for an evaporative system, its design and construction are discussed. In detail the particular requirements of the ATLAS inner detector, technical choices and the qualification and manufacture of final components are addressed. Finally results of initial operational tests are reported. Although the entire system described, the paper focuses on the on-detector aspects. Details of the evaporative cooling plant will be discussed elsewhere. © 2008 IOP Publishing Ltd and SISSA.

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Combined performance tests before installation of the ATLAS Semiconductor and Transition Radiation Tracking Detectors

JOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION 3 (2008) ARTN P08003

Authors:

E Abate, A Abdesselam, TN Addy, TPA Akesson, PP Allport, L Andricek, F Anghinolfi, R Apsimon, E Arik, M Arik, N Austin, OK Baker, E Banas, A Bangert, G Barbier, S Baron, AJ Barr, S Basiladze, LE Batchelor, RL Bates, JR Batley, M Battistin, GA Beck, A Beddall, AJ Beddall, PJ Bell, WH Bell, A Belymam, DP Benjamin, J Bernabeu, H Bertelsen, S Bethke, A Bingul, A Bitadze, JP Bizzell, J Blocki, A Bocci, M Bochenek, J Bohm, VG Bondarenko, P Bonneau, CN Booth, O Brandt, FM Brochu, Z Broklova, J Broz, PA Bruckman de Renstroman, S Burdin, CM Buttar, M Capeans Garrido, L Cardiel Sas, C Carpentieri, AA Carter, JR Carter, A Catinaccio, SA Cetin, M Chamizo Ilatas, DG Charlton, A Cheplakov, S Chouridou, ML Chu, V Cindro, A Ciocio, JV Civera, A Clark, AP Colijn, T Cornelissen, MJ Costa, D Costanzo, J Cox, P Cwetanski, W Dabrowski, J Dalmau, M Dam, KM Danielsen, H Danielsson, S D'Auria, I Dawson, P de Jong, MD Dehchar, B Demirkoz, P Dervan, B Di Girolamo, S Diez Cornell, F Dittus, SD Dixon, E Dobson, OB Dogan, Z Dolezal, BA Dolgoshein, M Donega, M D'Onofrio, T Donszelmann, O Dorholt, JD Dowell, Z Drasal, N Dressnandt, C Driouchi, R Duxfield, M Dwuznik, WL Ebenstein, S Eckert, P Eerola, U Egede, K Egorov, LM Eklund, M Elsing, R Ely, V Eremin, C Escobar, H Evans, P Farthouat, D Fasching, OL Fedin, L Feld, D Ferguson, P Ferrari, D Ferrere, L Fiorini, J Fopma, AJ Fowler, H Fox, RS French, D Froidevaux, JA Frost, J Fuster, S Gadomski, P Gagnon, BJ Gallop, FC Gannaway, C Garcia, JE Garcia Navarro, IL Gavrilenko, C Gay, N Ghodbane, MD Gibson, SM Gibson, KG Gnanvo, J Godlewski, T Goettfert, S Gonzalez, S Gonzalez-Sevilla, MJ Goodrick, A Gorisek, E Gornicki, M Goulette, Y Grishkevich, J Grognuz, J Grosse-Knetter, C Haber, R Haertel, Z Hajduk, M Hance, FH Hansen, JB Hansen, JD Hansen, PH Hansen, K Hara, A Jr Harvey, M Hauschild, C Hauviller, BM Hawes, RJ Hawkings, HS Hayward, SJ Haywood, FEW Heinemann, NP Hessey, JC Hill, MC Hodgkinson, P Hodgson, TI Hollins, A Holmes, R Holt, S Hou, DF Howell, W Hulsbergen, T Huse, Y Ikegami, Y Ilyushenka, C Issever, JN Jackson, V Jain, K Jakobs, RC Jared, G Jarlskog, P Jarron, LG Johansen, P Johansson, M Jones, TJ Jones, D Joos, J Joseph, P Jovanovic, VA Kantserov, J Kaplon, M Karagoz Unel, F Kayumov, PT Keener, GD Kekelidze, N Kerschen, C Ketterer, SH Kim, D Kisielewska, B Kisielewski, T Kittelmann, EB Klinkby, P Kluit, S Kluth, BR Ko, P Kodys, T Koffas, E Koffeman, T Kohriki, T Kondo, NV Kondratieva, SP Konovalov, S Koperny, H Korsmo, S Kovalenko, TZ Kowalski, K Krueger, V Kramarenko, G Kramberger, M Kruse, P Kubik, LG Kudin, N Kundu, C Lacasta, VR Lacuesta, W Lau, A-C Le Bihan, S-C Lee, RP Lefevre, BC LeGeyt, KJC Leney, CG Lester, Z Liang, P Lichard, W Liebig, M Limper, A Lindahl, SW Lindsay, A Lipniacka, G Llosa Llacer, S Lloyd, A Loginov, CW Loh, M Lozano Fantoba, S Lucas, A Lucotte, I Ludwig, J Ludwig, F Luehring, L Luisa, J Lynn, M Maassen, D Macina, R Mackeprang, A Macpherson, CA Magrath, P Majewski, P Malecki, VP Maleev, I Mandic, M Mandl, M Mangin-Brinet, S Marti i Garcia, AJ Martin, FF Martin, T Maruyama, R Mashinistov, A Mayne, KW McFarlane, SJ McMahon, TJ McMahon, J Meinhardt, BR Mellado Garcia, C Menot, I Messmer, B Mikulec, M Mikuz, S Mima, M Minano, B Mindur, VA Mitsou, P Modesto, S Moed, B Mohn, RM Moles Valls, J Morin, M-C Morone, SV Morozov, J Morris, HG Moser, A Moszczynski, SV Mouraviev, A Munar, WJ Murray, K Nagai, Y Nagai, D Naito, K Nakamura, I Nakano, SY Nesterov, FM Newcomer, R Nicholson, RB Nickerson, T Niinikoski, N Nikitin, R Nisius, H Ogren, SH Ohi, M Olcese, J Olszowska, M Orphanidesa, V O'Shea, W Ostrowicz, B Ottewell, O Oye, E Paganis, MJ Palmer, MA Parker, U Parzefall, MS Passmore, S Pataraia, G Pellegrini, H Pernegger, E Perrin, VD Peshekhonov, TC Petersen, R Petti, AW Phillips, PW Phillips, A Placci, K Poltorak, A Poppleton, MJ Price, K Prokofiev, O Rohne, C Rembser, P Reznicek, RH Richter, A Robichaud-Veronneau, D Robinson, S Roe, O Rohne, A Romaniouk, LP Rossi, D Rousseau, G Ruggiero, K Runge, YF Ryabov, A Salzburger, J Sanchez, H Sandaker, J Santander, VA Schegelsky, D Scheirich, J Schieck, MP Schmidt, C Schmitt, E Sedykh, DM Seliverstov, A Sfyrla, T Shin, A Shmeleva, S Sivoklokov, S Yu Smirnov, L Smirnova, O Smirnova, M Soederberg, AO Solberg, VV Sosnovtsev, L Sospedra Suay, H Spieler, G Sprachmann, E Stanecka, S Stapnes, J Stastny, M Stodulski, A Stradling, B Stugu, S Subramania, SI Suchkov, VV Sulin, RR Szczygiel, R Takashima, R Tanaka, G Tartarelli, PK Teng, S Terada, VO Tikhomirov, P Tipton, M Titov, K Toms, A Tonoyan, DR Tovey, A Tricoli, M Turala, M Tyndel, F Ukegawa, M Ullan Comes, Y Unno, V Vacek, S Valkar, JA Valls Ferrer, E van der Kraaij, R VanBerg, VI Vassilakopoulos, L Vassilieva, T Vickey, GHA Viehhauser, EG Villani, JH Vossebeld, T Vu Anh, R Wall, RS Wallny, C Wang, CP Ward, R Wastie, M Webel, M Weber, AR Weidberg, PM Weilhammer, C Weiser, PS Wells, P Werneke, MJ White, D Whittington, A Wildauer, I Wilhelm, HH Williams, JA Wilson, MW Wolter, SL Wu, A Zhelezko, HZ Zhu, A Zsenei

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The evaporative cooling system for the ATLAS inner detector

JOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION 3 (2008) ARTN P07003

Authors:

D Attree, B Anderson, EC Anderssen, V Akhnazarov, RJ Apsimon, P Barclay, LE Batchelor, RL Bates, M Battistin, J Bendotti, S Berry, A Bitadze, JP Bizzel, P Bonneau, M Bosteels, JM Butterworth, S Butterworth, AA Carter, JR Carter, A Catinaccio, F Corbaz, HO Danielsson, E Danilevich, N Dixon, SD Dixon, F Doherty, O Dorholt, M Doubrava, I Egorov, K Egorov, K Einsweiler, AC Falou, P Feraudet, P Ferrari, K Fowler, JT Fraser, RS French, M Galuska, F Gannaway, G Gariano, MD Gibson, M Gilchriese, D Giugni, J Godlewski, I Gousakov, B Gorski, GD Hallewell, N Hartman, RJ Hawkings, SJ Haywood, NP Hessey, S Infante, JN Jackson, TJ Jones, J Kaplon, S Katunin, S Lindsay, L Luisa, N Massol, F McEwan, J McMahon, C Menot, J Mistry, J Morris, M Muskett, K Nagai, A Nichols, R Nicholson, RB Nickerson, SL Nielsen, PE Nordahl, M Olcese, M Parodi, F Perez-Gomez, H Pernegger, E Perrin, LP Rossi, A Rovani, E Ruscino, H Sandaker, A Smith, V Sopko, S Stapnes, M Stodulski, J Tarrant, J Thadome, D Tovey, M Turala, M Tyndel, V Vacek, E van der Kraaij, GHA Viehhauser, E Vigeolas, PS Wells, S Wenig, P Wernekev

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The integration and engineering of the ATLAS SemiConductor Tracker Barrel

JOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION 3 (2008) ARTN P10006

Authors:

A Abdesselam, PP Allport, C Anastopoulos, B Anderson, L Andricek, F Anghinolfi, R Apsimon, T Atkinson, DJ Attree, N Austin, A Bangert, G Barbier, P Barclay, AJ Barr, LE Batchelor, RL Bates, JR Batley, GA Beck, PJ Bell, WH Bell, A Belymam, J Benes, P Benes, J Bernabeu, S Bethke, JP Bizzell, J Blocki, J Bohm, CN Booth, EV Bouhova-Thacker, O Brandt, TJ Brodbeck, Z Broklova, J Broz, PA Bruckman de Renstrom, S Burdin, CM Buttar, JM Butterworth, E Capocci, C Carpentieri, AA Carter, JR Carter, A Catinaccio, JR Catmore, M Chamizo Ilatas, DG Charlton, A Cheplakov, A Chilingarov, S Chouridou, D Chren, ML Chu, V Cindro, A Ciocio, JV Civera, A Clark, AP Colijn, MJ Costa, D Costanzo, J Cox, C Dabinett, W Dabrowski, J Dalmau, KM Danielsen, S D'Auria, I Dawson, P de Jong, MD Dehchar, B Demirkoz, P Dervan, S Diez Cornell, SD Dixon, E Dobson, Z Dolezal, M Donega, M D'Onofrio, O Dorholt, M Doubrava, JD Dowell, Z Drasal, IP Duerdoth, R Duxfield, M Dwuznik, S Eckert, LM Eklund, R Ely, C Escobar, V Fadeyev, D Fasching, F Fawzi, L Feld, D Ferguson, P Ferrari, D Ferrere, J Fopma, P Ford, R Fortin, JM Foster, H Fox, TJ Fraser, J Freestone, RS French, J Fuster, S Gadomski, BJ Gallop, M Galuska, FC Gannaway, C Garcia, JE Garcia Navarro, N Ghodbane, MD Gibson, SM Gibson, T Goettfert, S Gonzalez, S Gonzalez-Sevilla, MJ Goodrick, G Gorfine, A Gorisek, E Gornicki, A Greenall, D Greenfield, AA Grillo, J Grosse-Knetter, C Haber, R Haertel, K Hanagaki, T Hansl-Kozanecka, K Hara, M Harris, FG Hartjes, D Hauff, BM Hawes, T Hayler, SJ Haywood, FEW Heinemann, RCW Henderson, NP Hessey, A Hicheur, JC Hill, MC Hodgkinson, P Hodgson, TI Hollins, A Holmes, R Holt, T Holy, T Horazdovsky, S Hou, DF Howell, G Hughes, T Huse, M Ibbotson, Y Ikegami, C Issever, K Jakobs, J Jakubek, RC Jared, P Jarron, LG Johansen, P Johansson, A Jones, M Jones, RWL Jones, TJ Jones, TW Jones, D Joos, J Joseph, P Jovanovic, J Jusko, O Jusko, J Kaplon, M Karagoz Unel, V Kartvelishvili, N Kerschen, C Ketterer, AG Kholodenko, SH Kim, S Kluth, P Kodys, E Koffeman, Z Kohout, T Kohriki, T Kondo, S Koperny, V Koukol, V Kral, G Kramberger, P Kubik, N Kundu, C Lacasta, VR Lacuesta, W Lau, S-C Lee, RP Lefevre, KJC Leney, CG Lester, Z Liang, M Limper, SW Lindsay, V Linhart, AJ Lintern, G Llosa Llacer, C Lockett, FK Loebinger, M Lozano Fantoba, I Ludwig, J Ludwig, G Lutz, J Lynn, M Maassen, D Macina, A Macpherson, C Macwaters, CA Magrath, P Malecki, I Mandic, M Mangin-Brinet, S Marti i Garcia, GF Martinez-McKinney, T Maruyama, J Matheson, SJ McMahon, TJ McMahon, J Meinhardt, BR Mellado Garcia, I Messmer, B Mikulec, M Mikuz, S Mima, M Minano, J Mistry, VA Mitsou, P Modesto, S Moed, B Mohn, RM Moles Valls, GF Moorhead, J Morin, AK Morley, M-C Morone, J Morris, MC Morrissey, HG Moser, A Moszczynski, AJM Muijs, WJ Murray, K Nagai, Y Nagai, D Naito, K Nakamura, I Nakano, C Nelson, A Nichols, R Nicholson, RB Nickerson, R Nisius, M Olcese, M Olivo Gomez, V O'Shea, B Ottewell, O Oye, E Paganis, MJ Palmer, MA Parker, U Parzefall, S Pataraia, JR Pater, G Pellegrini, H Pernegger, E Perrin, AW Phillips, PW Phillips, K Poltorak, S Pospisil, T Pritchard, K Prokofiev, PN Ratoff, P Reznicek, VN Riadovikov, RH Richter, A Robichaud-Veronneau, D Robinson, S Roe, K Runge, HF Sadrozinski, J Sanchez, H Sandaker, J Santander, D Scheirich, J Schieck, K Sedlak, A Seiden, A Sfyrla, T Slavicek, TJ Sloan, B Smith, M Smizanska, SW Snow, M Solar, AO Solberg, B Sopko, V Sopko, L Sospedra Suay, E Spencer, H Spieler, E Stanecka, S Stapnes, J Stastny, I Stekl, M Stodulski, A Stradling, B Stugu, P Sutcliffe, RR Szczygiel, R Takashima, R Tanaka, GJ Tappern, J Tarrant, GN Taylor, PK Teng, S Terada, RJ Thompson, M Titov, DR Tovey, SN Tovey, A Tricoli, M Turala, M Tyndel, F Ukegawa, M Ullan Comes, Y Unno, V Vacek, S Valkar, E Van der Kraaij, T Vickey, GHA Viehhauser, EG Villani, AP Vorobiev, JH Vossebeld, V Vrba, T Vu Anh, RS Wallny, CP Ward, R Wastie, P Webb, M Webel, M Weber, AR Weidberg, PM Weilhammer, C Weiser, PS Wells, P Werneke, MJ White, M Wiesmann, I Wilhelm, I Wilmut, JA Wilson, MW Wolter, SL Wu, HZ Zhu, A Zsenei

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The ATLAS semiconductor tracker end-cap module

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A Accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment 575:3 (2007) 353-389

Authors:

A Abdesselam, PJ Adkin, PP Allport, J Alonso, L Andricek, F Anghinolfi, AA Antonov, RJ Apsimon, T Atkinson, LE Batchelor, RL Bates, G Beck, H Becker, P Bell, W Bell, P Beneš, J Bernabeu, S Bethke, JP Bizzell, J Blocki, Z Broklová, J Brož, J Bohm, P Booker, G Bright, TJ Brodbeck, P Bruckman, CM Buttar, JM Butterworth, F Campabadal, D Campbell, C Carpentieri, JL Carroll, AA Carter, JR Carter, GL Casse, P Čermák, M Chamizo, DG Charlton, A Cheplakov, E Chesi, A Chilingarov, S Chouridou, D Chren, A Christinet, ML Chu, V Cindro, A Ciocio, JV Civera, A Clark, AP Colijn, PA Cooke, MJ Costa, D Costanzo, W Dabrowski, KM Danielsen, VR Davies, I Dawson, P de Jong, P Dervan, F Doherty, Z Doležal, M Donega, M D'Onofrio, O Dorholt, Z Drásal, JD Dowell, IP Duerdoth, R Duxfield, M Dwuznik, JM Easton, S Eckert, L Eklund, C Escobar, V Fadeyev, D Fasching, L Feld, DPS Ferguson, P Ferrari, D Ferrere, C Fleta, R Fortin, JM Foster, C Fowler, H Fox, J Freestone, RS French, J Fuster, S Gadomski, BJ Gallop, C García, JE García-Navarro, S Gibson, MGD Gilchriese, F Gonzalez, S Gonzalez-Sevilla, MJ Goodrick, A Gorisek, E Gornicki, A Greenall

Abstract:

The challenges for the tracking detector systems at the LHC are unprecedented in terms of the number of channels, the required read-out speed and the expected radiation levels. The ATLAS Semiconductor Tracker (SCT) end-caps have a total of about 3 million electronics channels each reading out every 25 ns into its own on-chip 3.3 μ s buffer. The highest anticipated dose after 10 years operation is 1.4 × 10¹⁴ cm^{- 2} in units of 1 MeV neutron equivalent (assuming the damage factors scale with the non-ionising energy loss). The forward tracker has 1976 double-sided modules, mostly of area ∼ 70 cm², each having 2 × 768 strips read out by six ASICs per side. The requirement to achieve an average perpendicular radiation length of 1.5% X0, while coping with up to 7 W dissipation per module (after irradiation), leads to stringent constraints on the thermal design. The additional requirement of 1500 e^- equivalent noise charge (ENC) rising to only 1800 e^- ENC after irradiation, provides stringent design constraints on both the high-density Cu/Polyimide flex read-out circuit and the ABCD3TA read-out ASICs. Finally, the accuracy of module assembly must not compromise the 16 μ m (r φ) resolution perpendicular to the strip directions or 580 μ m radial resolution coming from the 40 mrad front-back stereo angle. A total of 2210 modules were built to the tight tolerances and specifications required for the SCT. This was 234 more than the 1976 required and represents a yield of 93%. The component flow was at times tight, but the module production rate of 40-50 per week was maintained despite this. The distributed production was not found to be a major logistical problem and it allowed additional flexibility to take advantage of where the effort was available, including any spare capacity, for building the end-cap modules. The collaboration that produced the ATLAS SCT end-cap modules kept in close contact at all times so that the effects of shortages or stoppages at different sites could be rapidly resolved. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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Richard Nickerson

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The evaporative cooling system for the ATLAS inner detector

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Abstract:

Combined performance tests before installation of the ATLAS Semiconductor and Transition Radiation Tracking Detectors

Authors:

The evaporative cooling system for the ATLAS inner detector

Authors:

The integration and engineering of the ATLAS SemiConductor Tracker Barrel

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The ATLAS semiconductor tracker end-cap module

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