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CMP
Credit: Jack Hobhouse

Xinyi Shen

Visitor - Long Term

Research theme

  • Photovoltaics and nanoscience

Sub department

  • Condensed Matter Physics
xinyi.shen@physics.ox.ac.uk
Robert Hooke Building, room G26
  • About
  • Publications

Crystal-facet-directed all vacuum-deposited perovskite solar cells

Nature Materials Springer Nature (2026)

Authors:

Xinyi Shen, Wing Tung Hui, Shuaifeng Hu, Fengning Yang, Junke Wang, Jin Yao, Atse Louwen, Bryan Siu Ting Tam, Lirong Rong, David McMeekin, Kilian Lohmann, Qimu Yuan, Matthew Naylor, Manuel Kober-Czerny, Seongrok Seo, Philippe Holzhey, Karl-Augustin Zaininger, Mark Christoforo, Perrine Carroy, Vincent Barth, Fion Sze Yan Yeung, Nakita Noel, Michael Johnston, Yen-Hung Lin, Henry Snaith

Abstract:

Vacuum-based deposition is a scalable, solvent-free industrial method ideal for uniform coatings on complex substrates. However, all vacuum-deposited perovskite solar cells fabricated by thermal evaporation trail solution-processed counterparts in efficiency and stability due to film quality challenges, necessitating advancement and improved understanding. Here, we report a co-evaporation route for 1.67-eV wide-bandgap perovskites by introducing a PbCl2 co-source to optimize film quality. We promote perovskite formation with pronounced (100) “face-up” orientation and deliver a certified all vacuum-deposited solar cell with 18.35% efficiency (19.3% in the lab) for 0.25-cm2 devices (18.5% for 1-cm2 cells). These cells retain 80% of peak efficiency after 1,080 hours under the ISOS-L-2 protocol. Leveraging operando hyperspectral imaging, we provide spatiotemporal spectral insight into halide segregation and trap-mediated recombination, correlating microscopic luminescence features with macroscopic device performance while distinguishing radiative from non-ideal recombination channels. We further demonstrate 27.2%-efficient 1-cm2 evaporated perovskite-on-silicon tandems and outdoor stability of all vacuum-deposited tandems in Italy, retaining ~80% initial performance after 8 months.
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Dataset for 'Crystal-facet-directed all vacuum deposited perovskite solar cells'

University of Oxford (2026)

Abstract:

This is the complete dataset used to produce the main figures and Supplementary figures in the manuscript entitled 'Crystal-facet-directed all vacuum-deposited perovskite solar cells' published on Nature Materials. All the folders and data files are presented in the format "Figure number-figure description". The complete dataset includes raw data files, processed data files (in the form of Origin, MATLAB or Python) and raw figures.
Details from ORA

Bandgap-universal passivation enables stable perovskite solar cells with low photovoltage loss

Science American Association for the Advancement of Science 384:6697 (2024) 767-775

Authors:

Yen-Hung Lin, Vikram, Fengning Yang, Xue-Li Cao, Akash Dasgupta, Robert DJ Oliver, Aleksander M Ulatowski, Melissa M McCarthy, Xinyi Shen, Qimu Yuan, M Greyson Christoforo, Fion Sze Yan Yeung, Michael B Johnston, Nakita K Noel, Laura M Herz, M Saiful Islam, Henry J Snaith

Abstract:

The efficiency and longevity of metal-halide perovskite solar cells are typically dictated by nonradiative defect-mediated charge recombination. In this work, we demonstrate a vapor-based amino-silane passivation that reduces photovoltage deficits to around 100 millivolts (>90% of the thermodynamic limit) in perovskite solar cells of bandgaps between 1.6 and 1.8 electron volts, which is crucial for tandem applications. A primary-, secondary-, or tertiary-amino–silane alone negatively or barely affected perovskite crystallinity and charge transport, but amino-silanes that incorporate primary and secondary amines yield up to a 60-fold increase in photoluminescence quantum yield and preserve long-range conduction. Amino-silane–treated devices retained 95% power conversion efficiency for more than 1500 hours under full-spectrum sunlight at 85°C and open-circuit conditions in ambient air with a relative humidity of 50 to 60%.

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Dataset-chloride-based additive engineering for efficient and stable wide-bandgap perovskite solar cells

University of Oxford (2024)

Abstract:

Data and figures generated for the manuscript 'Chloride-based additive engineering for efficient and stable wide-bandgap perovskite solar cells'.
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The aerosol-assisted chemical vapour deposition of Mo-doped BiVO4 photoanodes for solar water splitting: an experimental and computational study

Journal of Materials Chemistry A Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC) 12:39 (2024) 26645-26666

Authors:

Shaobin Zhao, Chenglin Jia, Xinyi Shen, Ruohao Li, Louise Oldham, Benjamin Moss, Brian Tam, Sebastian Pike, Nicholas Harrison, Ehsan Ahmad, Andreas Kafizas

Abstract:

A series of Mo-doped BiVO4 photoanodes are studied using experimental and DFT methods. Mo doping replaces V sites, increasing electronic conductivity and improving solar water splitting performance.
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