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A hidden active galactic nucleus population: the first radio luminosity functions constructed by physical process

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters Oxford University Press (OUP) 536:1 (2024) L32-L37

Authors:

Leah K Morabito, R Kondapally, PN Best, B-H Yue, JMGHJ de Jong, F Sweijen, Marco Bondi, Dominik J Schwarz, DJB Smith, RJ van Weeren, HJA Röttgering, TW Shimwell, Isabella Prandoni

Abstract:

ABSTRACT Both star formation (SF) and active galactic nuclei (AGNs) play an important role in galaxy evolution. Statistically quantifying their relative importance can be done using radio luminosity functions (RLFs). Until now these relied on galaxy classifications, where sources with a mixture of radio emission from SF and AGN are labelled as either a star-forming galaxy or an AGN. This can cause the misestimation of the relevance of AGN. Brightness temperature measurements at 144 MHz with the International LOw Frequency ARray telescope can separate radio emission from AGN and SF. We use the combination of sub-arcsec and arcsec resolution imaging of 7497 sources in the Lockman Hole and ELAIS-N1 fields to identify AGN components in the sub-arcsec resolution images and subtract them from the total flux density, leaving flux density from SF only. We construct, for the first time, RLFs by physical process, either SF or AGN activity, revealing a hidden AGN population at $L_{\textrm {144 MHz}}$$\lt 10^{24}$ W Hz$^{-1}$. This population is 1.56 $\pm$ 0.06 more than expected for $0.5\lt z\lt 2.0$ when comparing to RLFs by galaxy classification. The star-forming population has only 0.90 $\pm$ 0.02 of the expected SF. These ‘hidden’ AGNs can have significant implications for the cosmic SF rate and kinetic luminosity densities.
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Euclid preparation

Astronomy & Astrophysics EDP Sciences 691 (2024) a319

Authors:

G Congedo, L Miller, AN Taylor, N Cross, CAJ Duncan, T Kitching, N Martinet, S Matthew, T Schrabback, M Tewes, N Welikala, N Aghanim, A Amara, S Andreon, N Auricchio, M Baldi, S Bardelli, R Bender, C Bodendorf, D Bonino, E Branchini, M Brescia, J Brinchmann, S Camera, V Capobianco, C Carbone, VF Cardone, J Carretero, S Casas, FJ Castander, M Castellano, S Cavuoti, A Cimatti, CJ Conselice, L Conversi, Y Copin, F Courbin, HM Courtois, M Cropper, A Da Silva, H Degaudenzi, AM Di Giorgio, J Dinis, F Dubath, X Dupac, M Farina, S Farrens, S Ferriol, P Fosalba, M Frailis, E Franceschi, S Galeotta, B Garilli, B Gillis, C Giocoli, A Grazian, F Grupp, SVH Haugan, MS Holliman, W Holmes, F Hormuth, A Hornstrup, P Hudelot, K Jahnke, E Keihänen, S Kermiche, A Kiessling, M Kilbinger, B Kubik, K Kuijken, M Kümmel, M Kunz, H Kurki-Suonio, S Ligori, PB Lilje, V Lindholm, I Lloro, D Maino, E Maiorano, O Mansutti, O Marggraf, K Markovic, F Marulli, R Massey, S Maurogordato, HJ McCracken, E Medinaceli, S Mei, M Melchior, M Meneghetti, E Merlin, G Meylan, M Moresco, B Morin, L Moscardini, E Munari, S-M Niemi, JW Nightingale, C Padilla, S Paltani, F Pasian, K Pedersen, WJ Percival, V Pettorino, S Pires, G Polenta, M Poncet, LA Popa, L Pozzetti, F Raison, R Rebolo, A Renzi, J Rhodes, G Riccio, E Romelli, M Roncarelli, E Rossetti, R Saglia, D Sapone, B Sartoris, P Schneider, A Secroun, G Seidel, S Serrano, C Sirignano, G Sirri, L Stanco, P Tallada-Crespí, D Tavagnacco, I Tereno, R Toledo-Moreo, F Torradeflot, I Tutusaus, EA Valentijn, L Valenziano, T Vassallo, A Veropalumbo, Y Wang, J Weller, G Zamorani, J Zoubian, E Zucca, A Biviano, M Bolzonella, A Boucaud, E Bozzo, C Burigana, C Colodro-Conde, D Di Ferdinando, J Graciá-Carpio, N Mauri, C Neissner, AA Nucita, Z Sakr, V Scottez, M Tenti, M Viel, M Wiesmann, Y Akrami, V Allevato, S Anselmi, C Baccigalupi, M Ballardini, S Borgani, AS Borlaff, S Bruton, R Cabanac, A Cappi, CS Carvalho, G Castignani, T Castro, G Cañas-Herrera, KC Chambers, AR Cooray, J Coupon, S Davini, G De Lucia, G Desprez, S Di Domizio, H Dole, A Díaz-Sánchez, JA Escartin Vigo, S Escoffier, I Ferrero, F Finelli, L Gabarra, J García-Bellido, E Gaztanaga, F Giacomini, G Gozaliasl, D Guinet, A Hall, H Hildebrandt, S Ilić, A Jimenez Muñoz, S Joudaki, JJE Kajava, V Kansal, D Karagiannis, CC Kirkpatrick, L Legrand, J Macias-Perez, G Maggio, M Magliocchetti, R Maoli, M Martinelli, CJAP Martins, M Maturi, L Maurin, RB Metcalf, M Migliaccio, P Monaco, G Morgante, S Nadathur, L Patrizii, A Peel, A Pezzotta, V Popa, C Porciani, D Potter, M Pöntinen, P Reimberg, P-F Rocci, AG Sánchez, JA Schewtschenko, A Schneider, E Sefusatti, M Sereno, P Simon, A Spurio Mancini, J Stadel, J Steinwagner, G Testera, R Teyssier, S Toft, S Tosi, A Troja, M Tucci, C Valieri, J Valiviita, D Vergani
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Ubiquitous radio emission in quasars: Predominant AGN origin and a connection to jets, dust, and winds

Astronomy & Astrophysics EDP Sciences 691 (2024) A191-A191

Authors:

G Calistro Rivera, DM Alexander, CM Harrison, VA Fawcett, PN Best, WL Williams, MJ Hardcastle, DJ Rosario, DJB Smith, MI Arnaudova, E Escott, G Gürkan, R Kondapally, G Miley, LK Morabito, J Petley, I Prandoni, HJA Röttgering, B-H Yue

Abstract:

We present a comprehensive study of the physical origin of radio emission in optical quasars at redshifts z < 2.5. We focus particularly on the associations between compact radio emission, dust reddening, and outflows identified in our earlier work. Leveraging the deepest low-frequency radio data available to date (LoTSS Deep DR1), we achieve radio detection fractions of up to 94%, demonstrating the virtual ubiquity of radio emission in quasars, and a continuous distribution in radio loudness. Through our analysis of radio properties, combined with spectral energy distribution modelling of deep multiwavelength photometry, we establish that the primary source of radio emission in quasars is the active galactic nucleus (AGN), rather than star formation. Modelling the dust reddening of the accretion disc emission shows a continuous increase in radio detection in quasars as a function of the reddening parameter E(B − V), suggesting a causal link between radio emission and dust reddening. Confirming previous findings, we observe that the radio excess in red quasars is most pronounced for sources with compact radio morphologies and intermediate radio loudness. We find a significant increase in [O III] and C IV outflow velocities for red quasars not seen in our control sample, with particularly powerful [O III] winds in those around the threshold from radio-quiet to radio-loud. Based on the combined characterisation of radio, reddening, and outflow properties in our sample, we favour a model in which the compact radio emission observed in quasars originates in compact radio jets and their interaction with a dusty, circumnuclear environment. In particular, our results align with the theory that jet-induced winds and shocks resulting from this interaction are the origin of the enhanced radio emission in red quasars. Further investigation of this model is crucial for advancing our understanding of quasar feedback mechanisms and their role in galaxy evolution.
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Euclid preparation

Astronomy & Astrophysics EDP Sciences 690 (2024) a103

Authors:

S Serrano, P Hudelot, G Seidel, JE Pollack, E Jullo, F Torradeflot, D Benielli, R Fahed, T Auphan, J Carretero, H Aussel, P Casenove, FJ Castander, JE Davies, N Fourmanoit, S Huot, A Kara, E Keihänen, S Kermiche, K Okumura, J Zoubian, A Ealet, A Boucaud, H Bretonnière, R Casas, B Clément, CAJ Duncan, K George, K Kiiveri, H Kurki-Suonio, M Kümmel, D Laugier, G Mainetti, JJ Mohr, A Montoro, C Neissner, C Rosset, M Schirmer, P Tallada-Crespí, N Tonello, A Venhola, A Verderi, A Zacchei, N Aghanim, B Altieri, A Amara, S Andreon, N Auricchio, R Azzollini, C Baccigalupi, M Baldi, S Bardelli, A Basset, P Battaglia, F Bernardeau, C Bodendorf, D Bonino, E Branchini, M Brescia, J Brinchmann, S Camera, GP Candini, V Capobianco, C Carbone, S Casas, M Castellano, G Castignani, S Cavuoti, A Cimatti, R Cledassou, C Colodro-Conde, G Congedo, CJ Conselice, L Conversi, Y Copin, L Corcione, F Courbin, HM Courtois, M Crocce, M Cropper, A Da Silva, H Degaudenzi, G De Lucia, AM Di Giorgio, J Dinis, F Dubath, X Dupac, S Dusini, M Farina, S Farrens, S Ferriol, M Frailis, E Franceschi, P Franzetti, S Galeotta, B Garilli, W Gillard, B Gillis, C Giocoli, BR Granett, A Grazian, F Grupp, L Guzzo, SVH Haugan, J Hoar, H Hoekstra, W Holmes, I Hook, F Hormuth, A Hornstrup, K Jahnke, B Joachimi, A Kiessling, T Kitching, R Kohley, M Kunz, Q Le Boulc’h, P Liebing, S Ligori, PB Lilje, V Lindholm, I Lloro, D Maino, E Maiorano, O Mansutti, S Marcin, O Marggraf, K Markovic, M Martinelli, N Martinet, F Marulli, R Massey, S Maurogordato, E Medinaceli, S Mei, M Melchior, Y Mellier, M Meneghetti, E Merlin, G Meylan, M Moresco, P Morris, L Moscardini, E Munari, R Nakajima, S-M Niemi, T Nutma, C Padilla, S Paltani, F Pasian, K Pedersen, WJ Percival, V Pettorino, S Pires, G Polenta, M Poncet, LA Popa, L Pozzetti, F Raison, R Rebolo, A Renzi, J Rhodes, G Riccio, E Romelli, M Roncarelli, E Rossetti, B Rusholme, R Saglia, Z Sakr, AG Sánchez, D Sapone, B Sartoris, M Sauvage, P Schneider, T Schrabback, M Scodeggio, A Secroun, C Sirignano, G Sirri, J Skottfelt, L Stanco, J-L Starck, J Steinwagner, AN Taylor, H Teplitz, I Tereno, R Toledo-Moreo, I Tutusaus, EA Valentijn, L Valenziano, T Vassallo, A Veropalumbo, Y Wang, J Weller, G Zamorani, E Zucca, A Biviano, E Bozzo, D Di Ferdinando, R Farinelli, J Graciá-Carpio, N Mauri, V Scottez, M Tenti, Y Akrami, V Allevato, M Ballardini, A Blanchard, S Borgani, AS Borlaff, S Bruton, C Burigana, A Cappi, CS Carvalho, T Castro, G Cañas-Herrera, KC Chambers, AR Cooray, J Coupon, S Davini, S de la Torre, S Desai, G Desprez, A Díaz-Sánchez, S Di Domizio, H Dole, JA Escartin Vigo, S Escoffier, I Ferrero, F Finelli, L Gabarra, K Ganga, J Garcia-Bellido, E Gaztanaga, F Giacomini, G Gozaliasl, A Gregorio, H Hildebrandt, M Huertas-Company, O Ilbert, A Jimenez Muñoz, JJE Kajava, V Kansal, CC Kirkpatrick, L Legrand, A Loureiro, J Macias-Perez, M Magliocchetti, R Maoli, CJAP Martins, S Matthew, L Maurin, RB Metcalf, M Migliaccio, P Monaco, G Morgante, S Nadathur, AA Nucita, M Pöntinen, V Popa, C Porciani, D Potter, P Reimberg, A Schneider, M Sereno, A Shulevski, P Simon, A Spurio Mancini, J Stadel, M Tewes, R Teyssier, S Toft, M Tucci, J Valiviita, M Viel, IA Zinchenko
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NOEMA formIng Cluster survEy (NICE): Characterizing eight massive galaxy groups at 1.5  <  z  <  4 in the COSMOS field

Astronomy & Astrophysics EDP Sciences 690 (2024) a55

Authors:

Nikolaj B Sillassen, Shuowen Jin, Georgios E Magdis, Emanuele Daddi, Tao Wang, Shiying Lu, Hanwen Sun, Vinod Arumugam, Daizhong Liu, Malte Brinch, Chiara D’Eugenio, Raphael Gobat, Carlos Gómez-Guijarro, Michael Rich, Eva Schinnerer, Veronica Strazzullo, Qinghua Tan, Francesco Valentino, Yijun Wang, Mengyuan Xiao, Luwenjia Zhou, David Blánquez-Sesé, Zheng Cai, Yanmei Chen, Laure Ciesla, Yu Dai, Ivan Delvecchio, David Elbaz, Alexis Finoguenov, Fangyou Gao, Qiusheng Gu, Catherine Hale, Qiaoyang Hao, Jiasheng Huang, Matt Jarvis, Boris Kalita, Xu Ke, Aurelien Le Bail, Benjamin Magnelli, Yong Shi, Mattia Vaccari, Imogen Whittam, Tiancheng Yang, Zhiyu Zhang
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