Quantum Optoelectronics

Abstract:

Non-polar (11–20) a-plane InGaN quantum dots (QDs) are one of the strongest candidates to achieve on-chip applications of polarised single photon sources, which require a minimum operation temperature of ∼200 K under thermoelectrically cooled conditions. In order to further improve the material quality and optical properties of a-plane InGaN QDs, a quasi-two-temperature (Q2T) method has been developed, producing much smoother underlying InGaN quantum well than the previous modified droplet epitaxy (MDE) method. In this work, we compare the emission features of QDs grown by these two methods at temperatures up to 200 K. Both fabrications methods are shown to be able to produce QDs emitting around the thermoelectric cooling barrier. The sample fabricated by the new Q2T method demonstrates more stable operation, with an order of magnitude higher intensity at 200 K comparing to the comparable QDs grown by MDE. A detailed discussion of the possible mechanisms that result in this advantage of slower thermal quenching is presented. The use of this alternative fabrication method hence promises more reliable operation at temperatures even higher than the thermoelectric cooling threshold, and facilitates the on-going development of high temperature polarised single photon sources based on a-plane InGaN QDs.

Abstract:

Despite having outstanding electrical properties, graphene is unsuitable for optical devices because of its zero band gap. Here, we report two-dimensional excitonic photoluminescence (PL) from graphene grown on a Cu(111) surface, which shows an unexpected and remarkably sharp strong emission near 3.16 eV (full width at half-maximum ≤3 meV) and multiple emissions around 3.18 eV. As temperature increases, these emissions blue shift, displaying the characteristic negative thermal coefficient of graphene. The observed PL originates from the significantly suppressed dispersion of excited electrons in graphene caused by hybridization of graphene π and Cu d orbitals of the first and second Cu layers at a shifted saddle point 0.525(M+K) of the Brillouin zone. This finding provides a pathway to engineering optoelectronic graphene devices, while maintaining the outstanding electrical properties of graphene.