Observation of tt¯ Production in Pb+Pb Collisions at sNN=5.02 TeV with the ATLAS Detector

Physical Review Letters American Physical Society (APS) 134:14 (2025) 142301

Authors:

G Aad, E Aakvaag, B Abbott, S Abdelhameed, K Abeling, NJ Abicht, SH Abidi, M Aboelela, A Aboulhorma, H Abramowicz, Y Abulaiti, BS Acharya, A Ackermann, C Adam Bourdarios, L Adamczyk, SV Addepalli, MJ Addison, J Adelman, A Adiguzel, T Adye, AA Affolder, Y Afik, MN Agaras, A Aggarwal, C Agheorghiesei, F Ahmadov, S Ahuja, X Ai, G Aielli, A Aikot, M Ait Tamlihat, B Aitbenchikh, M Akbiyik, TPA Åkesson, AV Akimov, D Akiyama, NN Akolkar, S Aktas, K Al Khoury, GL Alberghi, J Albert, P Albicocco, GL Albouy, S Alderweireldt, ZL Alegria, M Aleksa, IN Aleksandrov, C Alexa, T Alexopoulos, F Alfonsi, M Algren, M Alhroob, B Ali, HMJ Ali, S Ali, SW Alibocus, M Aliev, G Alimonti, W Alkakhi, C Allaire, BMM Allbrooke, JS Allen, JF Allen, CA Allendes Flores, PP Allport, A Aloisio, F Alonso, C Alpigiani, ZMK Alsolami, A Alvarez Fernandez, M Alves Cardoso, MG Alviggi, M Aly, Y Amaral Coutinho, A Ambler, C Amelung, M Amerl, CG Ames, D Amidei, B Amini, K Amirie, SP Amor Dos Santos, KR Amos, D Amperiadou, S An, V Ananiev, C Anastopoulos, T Andeen, JK Anders, AC Anderson, A Andreazza, S Angelidakis, A Angerami, AV Anisenkov, A Annovi, C Antel, E Antipov, M Antonelli, F Anulli, M Aoki, T Aoki, MA Aparo, L Aperio Bella, C Appelt, A Apyan, SJ Arbiol Val, C Arcangeletti, ATH Arce, J-F Arguin, S Argyropoulos, J-H Arling, O Arnaez, H Arnold, G Artoni, H Asada, K Asai, S Asai, NA Asbah, RA Ashby Pickering, K Assamagan, R Astalos, KSV Astrand, S Atashi, RJ Atkin, H Atmani, PA Atmasiddha, K Augsten, AD Auriol, VA Austrup, G Avolio, K Axiotis, G Azuelos, D Babal, H Bachacou, K Bachas, A Bachiu, E Bachmann, A Badea, TM Baer, P Bagnaia, M Bahmani, D Bahner, K Bai, JT Baines, L Baines, OK Baker, E Bakos, D Bakshi Gupta, LE Balabram Filho, V Balakrishnan, R Balasubramanian, EM Baldin, P Balek, E Ballabene, F Balli, LM Baltes, WK Balunas, J Balz, I Bamwidhi, E Banas, M Bandieramonte, A Bandyopadhyay, S Bansal, L Barak, M Barakat, EL Barberio, D Barberis, M Barbero, MZ Barel, T Barillari, M-S Barisits, T Barklow, P Baron, DA Baron Moreno, A Baroncelli, AJ Barr, JD Barr, F Barreiro, J Barreiro Guimarães da Costa, MG Barros Teixeira, S Barsov, F Bartels, R Bartoldus, AE Barton, P Bartos, A Basan, M Baselga, S Bashiri, A Bassalat, MJ Basso, S Bataju, R Bate, RL Bates, S Batlamous, B Batool, M Battaglia, D Battulga, M Bauce, M Bauer, P Bauer, LT Bazzano Hurrell, JB Beacham, T Beau, JY Beaucamp, PH Beauchemin, P Bechtle, HP Beck, K Becker, AJ Beddall, VA Bednyakov, CP Bee, LJ Beemster, M Begalli, M Begel, JK Behr, JF Beirer, F Beisiegel, M Belfkir, G Bella, L Bellagamba, A Bellerive, P Bellos, K Beloborodov, D Benchekroun, F Bendebba, Y Benhammou, KC Benkendorfer, L Beresford, M Beretta, E Bergeaas Kuutmann, N Berger, B Bergmann, J Beringer, G Bernardi, C Bernius, FU Bernlochner, F Bernon, A Berrocal Guardia, T Berry, P Berta, A Berthold, S Bethke, A Betti, AJ Bevan, NK Bhalla, S Bharthuar, S Bhatta, DS Bhattacharya, P Bhattarai, ZM Bhatti, KD Bhide, VS Bhopatkar, RM Bianchi, G Bianco, O Biebel, M Biglietti, CS Billingsley, Y Bimgdi, M Bindi, A Bingham, A Bingul, C Bini, GA Bird, M Birman, M Biros, S Biryukov, T Bisanz, E Bisceglie, JP Biswal, D Biswas, I Bloch, A Blue, U Blumenschein, J Blumenthal, VS Bobrovnikov, M Boehler, B Boehm, D Bogavac, AG Bogdanchikov, LS Boggia, C Bohm, V Boisvert, P Bokan, T Bold, M Bomben, M Bona, M Boonekamp, AG Borbély, IS Bordulev, G Borissov, D Bortoletto, D Boscherini, M Bosman, K Bouaouda, N Bouchhar, L Boudet, J Boudreau, EV Bouhova-Thacker, D Boumediene, R Bouquet, A Boveia, J Boyd, D Boye, IR Boyko, L Bozianu, J Bracinik, N Brahimi, G Brandt, O Brandt, B Brau, JE Brau, R Brener, L Brenner, R Brenner, S Bressler, G Brianti, D Britton, D Britzger, I Brock, R Brock, G Brooijmans, AJ Brooks, EM Brooks, E Brost, LM Brown, LE Bruce, TL Bruckler, PA Bruckman de Renstrom, B Brüers, A Bruni, G Bruni, D Brunner, M Bruschi, N Bruscino, T Buanes, Q Buat, D Buchin, AG Buckley, WE Bulanowska, O Bulekov, BA Bullard, S Burdin, CD Burgard, AM Burger, B Burghgrave, O Burlayenko, J Burleson, JTP Burr, JC Burzynski, EL Busch, V Büscher, PJ Bussey, JM Butler, CM Buttar, JM Butterworth, W Buttinger, CJ Buxo Vazquez, AR Buzykaev, S Cabrera Urbán, L Cadamuro, D Caforio, H Cai, Y Cai, Y Cai, VMM Cairo, O Cakir, N Calace, P Calafiura, G Calderini, P Calfayan, G Callea, LP Caloba, D Calvet, S Calvet, R Camacho Toro, S Camarda, D Camarero Munoz, P Camarri, MT Camerlingo, D Cameron, C Camincher, M Campanelli, A Camplani, V Canale, AC Canbay, E Canonero, J Cantero, Y Cao, F Capocasa, M Capua, A Carbone, R Cardarelli, JCJ Cardenas, MP Cardiff, G Carducci, T Carli, G Carlino, JI Carlotto, BT Carlson, EM Carlson, J Carmignani, L Carminati, A Carnelli, M Carnesale, S Caron, E Carquin, IB Carr, S Carrá, G Carratta, AM Carroll, MP Casado, M Caspar, FL Castillo, L Castillo Garcia, V Castillo Gimenez, NF Castro, A Catinaccio, JR Catmore, T Cavaliere, V Cavaliere, LJ Caviedes Betancourt, YC Cekmecelioglu, E Celebi, S Cella, V Cepaitis, K Cerny, AS Cerqueira, A Cerri, L Cerrito, F Cerutti, B Cervato, A Cervelli, G Cesarini, SA Cetin, PM Chabrillat, D Chakraborty, J Chan, WY Chan, JD Chapman, E Chapon, B Chargeishvili, DG Charlton, C Chauhan, Y Che, S Chekanov, SV Chekulaev, GA Chelkov, B Chen, B Chen, H Chen, H Chen, J Chen, J Chen, M Chen, S Chen, SJ Chen, X Chen, X Chen, Y Chen, CL Cheng, HC Cheng, S Cheong, A Cheplakov, E Cheremushkina, E Cherepanova, R Cherkaoui El Moursli, E Cheu, K Cheung, L Chevalier, V Chiarella, G Chiarelli, N Chiedde, G Chiodini, AS Chisholm, A Chitan, M Chitishvili, MV Chizhov, K Choi, Y Chou, EYS Chow, KL Chu, MC Chu, X Chu, Z Chubinidze, J Chudoba, JJ Chwastowski, D Cieri, KM Ciesla, V Cindro, A Ciocio, F Cirotto, ZH Citron, M Citterio, DA Ciubotaru, A Clark, PJ Clark, N Clarke Hall, C Clarry, SE Clawson, C Clement, Y Coadou, M Cobal, A Coccaro, RF Coelho Barrue, R Coelho Lopes De, S Coelli, LS Colangeli, B Cole, J Collot, P Conde Muiño, MP Connell, SH Connell, EI Conroy, F Conventi, HG Cooke, AM Cooper-Sarkar, FA Corchia, A Cordeiro Oudot Choi, LD Corpe, M Corradi, F Corriveau, A Cortes-Gonzalez, MJ Costa, F Costanza, D Costanzo, BM Cote, J Couthures, G Cowan, K Cranmer, L Cremer, D Cremonini, S Crépé-Renaudin, F Crescioli, M Cristinziani, M Cristoforetti, V Croft, JE Crosby, G Crosetti, A Cueto, H Cui, Z Cui, WR Cunningham, F Curcio, JR Curran, P Czodrowski, MJ Da Cunha Sargedas De Sousa, JV Da Fonseca Pinto, C Da Via, W Dabrowski, T Dado, S Dahbi, T Dai, D Dal Santo, C Dallapiccola, M Dam, G D’amen, V D’Amico, J Damp, JR Dandoy, D Dannheim, M Danninger, V Dao, G Darbo, SJ Das, F Dattola, S D’Auria, A D’Avanzo, T Davidek, I Dawson, HA Day-hall, K De, C De Almeida Rossi, R De Asmundis, N De Biase, S De Castro, N De Groot, P de Jong, H De la Torre, A De Maria, A De Salvo, U De Sanctis, F De Santis, A De Santo, JB De Vivie De Regie, J Debevc, DV Dedovich, J Degens, AM Deiana, F Del Corso, J Del Peso, L Delagrange, F Deliot, CM Delitzsch, M Della Pietra, D Della Volpe, A Dell’Acqua, L Dell’Asta, M Delmastro, CC Delogu, PA Delsart, S Demers, M Demichev, SP Denisov, H Denizli, L D’Eramo, D Derendarz, F Derue, P Dervan, K Desch, C Deutsch, FA Di Bello, A Di Ciaccio, L Di Ciaccio, A Di Domenico, C Di Donato, A Di Girolamo, G Di Gregorio, A Di Luca, B Di Micco, R Di Nardo, KF Di Petrillo, M Diamantopoulou, FA Dias, T Dias Do Vale, MA Diaz, AR Didenko, M Didenko, EB Diehl, S Díez Cornell, C Diez Pardos, C Dimitriadi, A Dimitrievska, J Dingfelder, T Dingley, I-M Dinu, SJ Dittmeier, F Dittus, M Divisek, B Dixit, F Djama, T Djobava, C Doglioni, A Dohnalova, Z Dolezal, K Domijan, KM Dona, M Donadelli, B Dong, J Donini, A D’Onofrio, M D’Onofrio, J Dopke, A Doria, N Dos Santos Fernandes, P Dougan, MT Dova, AT Doyle, MA Draguet, MP Drescher, E Dreyer, I Drivas-koulouris, M Drnevich, M Drozdova, D Du, TA du Pree, F Dubinin, M Dubovsky, E Duchovni, G Duckeck, OA Ducu, D Duda, A Dudarev, ER Duden, M D’uffizi, L Duflot, M Dührssen, I Duminica, AE Dumitriu, M Dunford, S Dungs, K Dunne, A Duperrin, H Duran Yildiz, M Düren, A Durglishvili, D Duvnjak, BL Dwyer, GI Dyckes, M Dyndal, BS Dziedzic, ZO Earnshaw, GH Eberwein, B Eckerova, S Eggebrecht, E Egidio Purcino De Souza, LF Ehrke, G Eigen, K Einsweiler, T Ekelof, PA Ekman, S El Farkh, Y El Ghazali, H El Jarrari, A El Moussaouy, V Ellajosyula, M Ellert, F Ellinghaus, N Ellis, J Elmsheuser, M Elsawy, M Elsing, D Emeliyanov, Y Enari, I Ene, S Epari, PA Erland, D Ernani Martins Neto, M Errenst, M Escalier, C Escobar, E Etzion, G Evans, H Evans, LS Evans, A Ezhilov, S Ezzarqtouni, F Fabbri, L Fabbri, G Facini, V Fadeyev, RM Fakhrutdinov, D Fakoudis, S Falciano, LF Falda Ulhoa Coelho, F Fallavollita, G Falsetti, J Faltova, C Fan, KY Fan, Y Fan, Y Fang, M Fanti, M Faraj, Z Farazpay, A Farbin, A Farilla, T Farooque, JN Farr, SM Farrington, F Fassi, D Fassouliotis, M Faucci Giannelli, WJ Fawcett, L Fayard, P Federic, P Federicova, OL Fedin, M Feickert, L Feligioni, DE Fellers, C Feng, Z Feng, MJ Fenton, L Ferencz, RAM Ferguson, P Fernandez Martinez, MJV Fernoux, J Ferrando, A Ferrari, P Ferrari, R Ferrari, D Ferrere, C Ferretti, MP Fewell, D Fiacco, F Fiedler, P Fiedler, S Filimonov, A Filipčič, EK Filmer, F Filthaut, MCN Fiolhais, L Fiorini, WC Fisher, T Fitschen, PM Fitzhugh, I Fleck, P Fleischmann, T Flick, M Flores, LR Flores Castillo, L Flores Sanz De Acedo, FM Follega, N Fomin, JH Foo, A Formica, AC Forti, E Fortin, AW Fortman, MG Foti, L Fountas, D Fournier, H Fox, P Francavilla, S Francescato, S Franchellucci, M Franchini, S Franchino, D Francis, L Franco, V Franco Lima, L Franconi, M Franklin, G Frattari, YY Frid, J Friend, N Fritzsche, A Froch, D Froidevaux, JA Frost, Y Fu, S Fuenzalida Garrido, M Fujimoto, KY Fung, E Furtado De Simas Filho, M Furukawa, J Fuster, A Gaa, A Gabrielli, A Gabrielli, P Gadow, G Gagliardi, LG Gagnon, S Gaid, S Galantzan, J Gallagher, EJ Gallas, AL Gallen, BJ Gallop, KK Gan, S Ganguly, Y Gao, FM Garay Walls, B Garcia, C García, A Garcia Alonso, AG Garcia Caffaro, JE García Navarro, M Garcia-Sciveres, GL Gardner, RW Gardner, N Garelli, RB Garg, JM Gargan, CA Garner, CM Garvey, VK Gassmann, G Gaudio, V Gautam, P Gauzzi, J Gavranovic, IL Gavrilenko, A Gavrilyuk, C Gay, G Gaycken, EN Gazis, AA Geanta, A Gekow, C Gemme, MH Genest, AD Gentry, S George, WF George, T Geralis, AA Gerwin, P Gessinger-Befurt, ME Geyik, M Ghani, K Ghorbanian, A Ghosal, A Ghosh, A Ghosh, B Giacobbe, S Giagu, T Giani, A Giannini, SM Gibson, M Gignac, DT Gil, AK Gilbert, BJ Gilbert, D Gillberg, G Gilles, L Ginabat, DM Gingrich, MP Giordani, PF Giraud, G Giugliarelli, D Giugni, F Giuli, I Gkialas, LK Gladilin, C Glasman, G Glemža, M Glisic, I Gnesi, Y Go, M Goblirsch-Kolb, B Gocke, D Godin, B Gokturk, S Goldfarb, T Golling, MGD Gololo, D Golubkov, JP Gombas, A Gomes, G Gomes Da Silva, AJ Gomez Delegido, R Gonçalo, L Gonella, A Gongadze, F Gonnella, JL Gonski, RY González Andana, S González de la Hoz, R Gonzalez Lopez, C Gonzalez Renteria, MV Gonzalez Rodrigues, R Gonzalez Suarez, S Gonzalez-Sevilla, L Goossens, B Gorini, E Gorini, A Gorišek, TC Gosart, AT Goshaw, MI Gostkin, S Goswami, CA Gottardo, SA Gotz, M Gouighri, AG Goussiou, N Govender, RP Grabarczyk, I Grabowska-Bold, K Graham, E Gramstad, S Grancagnolo, CM Grant, PM Gravila, FG Gravili, HM Gray, M Greco, MJ Green, C Grefe, AS Grefsrud, IM Gregor, KT Greif, P Grenier, SG Grewe, AA Grillo, K Grimm, S Grinstein, J-F Grivaz, E Gross, J Grosse-Knetter, L Guan, JGR Guerrero Rojas, G Guerrieri, R Gugel, JAM Guhit, A Guida, E Guilloton, S Guindon, F Guo, J Guo, L Guo, L Guo, Y Guo, A Gupta, R Gupta, S Gurbuz, SS Gurdasani, G Gustavino, P Gutierrez, LF Gutierrez Zagazeta, M Gutsche, C Gutschow, C Gwenlan, CB Gwilliam, ES Haaland, A Haas, M Habedank, C Haber, HK Hadavand, A Hadef, AI Hagan, JJ Hahn, EH Haines, M Haleem, J Haley, GD Hallewell, L Halser, K Hamano, M Hamer, EJ Hampshire, J Han, L Han, L Han, S Han, K Hanagaki, M Hance, DA Hangal, H Hanif, MD Hank, JB Hansen, PH Hansen, D Harada, T Harenberg, S Harkusha, ML Harris, YT Harris, J Harrison, NM Harrison, PF Harrison, NM Hartman, NM Hartmann, RZ Hasan, Y Hasegawa, F Haslbeck, S Hassan, R Hauser, CM Hawkes, RJ Hawkings, Y Hayashi, D Hayden, C Hayes, RL Hayes, CP Hays, JM Hays, HS Hayward, F He, M He, Y He, Y He, NB Heatley, V Hedberg, AL Heggelund, C Heidegger, KK Heidegger, J Heilman, S Heim, T Heim, JG Heinlein, JJ Heinrich, L Heinrich, J Hejbal, A Held, S Hellesund, CM Helling, S Hellman, RCW Henderson, L Henkelmann, AM Henriques Correia, H Herde, Y Hernández Jiménez, LM Herrmann, T Herrmann, G Herten, R Hertenberger, L Hervas, ME Hesping, NP Hessey, J Hessler, M Hidaoui, N Hidic, E Hill, SJ Hillier, JR Hinds, F Hinterkeuser, M Hirose, S Hirose, D Hirschbuehl, TG Hitchings, B Hiti, J Hobbs, R Hobincu, N Hod, MC Hodgkinson, BH Hodkinson, A Hoecker, DD Hofer, J Hofer, M Holzbock, LBAH Hommels, BP Honan, JJ Hong, J Hong, TM Hong, BH Hooberman, WH Hopkins, MC Hoppesch, Y Horii, ME Horstmann, S Hou, MR Housenga, AS Howard, J Howarth, J Hoya, M Hrabovsky, T Hryn’ova, PJ Hsu, S-C Hsu, T Hsu, M Hu, Q Hu, S Huang, X Huang, Y Huang, Y Huang, Y Huang, Z Huang, Z Hubacek, M Huebner, F Huegging, TB Huffman, M Hufnagel Maranha De Faria, CA Hugli, M Huhtinen, SK Huiberts, R Hulsken, N Huseynov, J Huston, J Huth, R Hyneman, G Iacobucci, G Iakovidis, L Iconomidou-Fayard, JP Iddon, P Iengo, R Iguchi, Y Iiyama, T Iizawa, Y Ikegami, D Iliadis, N Ilic, H Imam, G Inacio Goncalves, SA Infante Cabanas, T Ingebretsen Carlson, JM Inglis, G Introzzi, M Iodice, V Ippolito, RK Irwin, M Ishino, W Islam, C Issever, S Istin, H Ito, R Iuppa, A Ivina, JM Izen, V Izzo, P Jacka, P Jackson, CS Jagfeld, G Jain, P Jain, K Jakobs, T Jakoubek, J Jamieson, W Jang, M Javurkova, P Jawahar, L Jeanty, J Jejelava, P Jenni, CE Jessiman, C Jia, H Jia, J Jia, X Jia, Z Jia, C Jiang, S Jiggins, J Jimenez Pena, S Jin, A Jinaru, O Jinnouchi, P Johansson, KA Johns, JW Johnson, FA Jolly, DM Jones, E Jones, KS Jones, P Jones, RWL Jones, TJ Jones, HL Joos, R Joshi, J Jovicevic, X Ju, JJ Junggeburth, T Junkermann, A Juste Rozas, MK Juzek, S Kabana, A Kaczmarska, M Kado, H Kagan, M Kagan, A Kahn, C Kahra, T Kaji, E Kajomovitz, N Kakati, I Kalaitzidou, NJ Kang, D Kar, K Karava, E Karentzos, O Karkout, SN Karpov, ZM Karpova, V Kartvelishvili, AN Karyukhin, E Kasimi, J Katzy, S Kaur, K Kawade, MP Kawale, C Kawamoto, T Kawamoto, EF Kay, FI Kaya, S Kazakos, VF Kazanin, Y Ke, JM Keaveney, R Keeler, GV Kehris, JS Keller, JJ Kempster, O Kepka, J Kerr, BP Kerridge, BP Kerševan, L Keszeghova, RA Khan, A Khanov, AG Kharlamov, T Kharlamova, EE Khoda, M Kholodenko, TJ Khoo, G Khoriauli, J Khubua, YAR Khwaira, B Kibirige, D Kim, DW Kim, YK Kim, N Kimura, MK Kingston, A Kirchhoff, C Kirfel, F Kirfel, J Kirk, AE Kiryunin, S Kita, C Kitsaki, O Kivernyk, M Klassen, C Klein, L Klein, MH Klein, SB Klein, U Klein, A Klimentov, T Klioutchnikova, P Kluit, S Kluth, E Kneringer, TM Knight, A Knue, M Kobel, D Kobylianskii, SF Koch, M Kocian, P Kodyš, DM Koeck, PT Koenig, T Koffas, O Kolay, I Koletsou, T Komarek, K Köneke, AXY Kong, T Kono, N Konstantinidis, P Kontaxakis, B Konya, R Kopeliansky, S Koperny, K Korcyl, K Kordas, A Korn, S Korn, I Korolkov, N Korotkova, B Kortman, O Kortner, S Kortner, WH Kostecka, VV Kostyukhin, A Kotsokechagia, A Kotwal, A Koulouris, A Kourkoumeli-Charalampidi, C Kourkoumelis, E Kourlitis, O Kovanda, R Kowalewski, W Kozanecki, AS Kozhin, VA Kramarenko, G Kramberger, P Kramer, MW Krasny, A Krasznahorkay, AC Kraus, JW Kraus, JA Kremer, T Kresse, L Kretschmann, J Kretzschmar, K Kreul, P Krieger, K Krizka, K Kroeninger, H Kroha, J Kroll, J Kroll, KS Krowpman, U Kruchonak, H Krüger, N Krumnack, MC Kruse, O Kuchinskaia, S Kuday, S Kuehn, R Kuesters, T Kuhl, V Kukhtin, Y Kulchitsky, S Kuleshov, M Kumar, N Kumari, P Kumari, A Kupco, T Kupfer, A Kupich, O Kuprash, H Kurashige, LL Kurchaninov, O Kurdysh, YA Kurochkin, A Kurova, M Kuze, AK Kvam, J Kvita, NG Kyriacou, LAO Laatu, C Lacasta, F Lacava, H Lacker, D 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Saimpert, M Saito, T Saito, A Sala, D Salamani, A Salnikov, J Salt, A Salvador Salas, D Salvatore, F Salvatore, A Salzburger, D Sammel, E Sampson, D Sampsonidis, D Sampsonidou, J Sánchez, V Sanchez Sebastian, H Sandaker, CO Sander, JA Sandesara, M Sandhoff, C Sandoval, L Sanfilippo, DPC Sankey, T Sano, A Sansoni, L Santi, C Santoni, H Santos, A Santra, E Sanzani, KA Saoucha, JG Saraiva, J Sardain, O Sasaki, K Sato, C Sauer, E Sauvan, P Savard, R Sawada, C Sawyer, L Sawyer, C Sbarra, A Sbrizzi, T Scanlon, J Schaarschmidt, U Schäfer, AC Schaffer, D Schaile, RD Schamberger, C Scharf, MM Schefer, VA Schegelsky, D Scheirich, M Schernau, C Scheulen, C Schiavi, M Schioppa, B Schlag, S Schlenker, J Schmeing, MA Schmidt, K Schmieden, C Schmitt, N Schmitt, S Schmitt, L Schoeffel, A Schoening, PG Scholer, E Schopf, M Schott, J Schovancova, S Schramm, T Schroer, H-C Schultz-Coulon, M Schumacher, BA Schumm, Ph Schune, HR Schwartz, A Schwartzman, TA Schwarz, Ph Schwemling, R Schwienhorst, FG Sciacca, A Sciandra, G Sciolla, F Scuri, CD Sebastiani, K Sedlaczek, SC Seidel, A Seiden, BD Seidlitz, C Seitz, JM Seixas, G Sekhniaidze, L Selem, N Semprini-Cesari, A Semushin, D Sengupta, V Senthilkumar, L Serin, M Sessa, H Severini, F Sforza, A Sfyrla, Q Sha, E Shabalina, H Shaddix, AH Shah, R Shaheen, JD Shahinian, D Shaked Renous, LY Shan, M Shapiro, A Sharma, AS Sharma, P Sharma, PB Shatalov, K Shaw, SM Shaw, Q Shen, DJ Sheppard, P Sherwood, L Shi, X Shi, S Shimizu, CO Shimmin, IPJ Shipsey, S Shirabe, M Shiyakova, MJ Shochet, DR Shope, B Shrestha, S Shrestha, I Shreyber, MJ Shroff, P Sicho, AM Sickles, E Sideras Haddad, AC Sidley, A Sidoti, F Siegert, Dj Sijacki, F Sili, JM Silva, I Silva Ferreira, MV Silva Oliveira, SB Silverstein, S Simion, R Simoniello, EL Simpson, H Simpson, LR Simpson, S Simsek, S Sindhu, P Sinervo, SN Singh, S Singh, S Sinha, S Sinha, M Sioli, I Siral, E Sitnikova, J Sjölin, A Skaf, E Skorda, P Skubic, M Slawinska, I Slazyk, V Smakhtin, BH Smart, S Yu Smirnov, Y Smirnov, LN Smirnova, O Smirnova, AC Smith, DR Smith, EA Smith, JL Smith, R Smith, H Smitmanns, M Smizanska, K Smolek, AA Snesarev, HL Snoek, S Snyder, R Sobie, A Soffer, CA Solans Sanchez, E Yu Soldatov, U Soldevila, AA Solodkov, S Solomon, A Soloshenko, K Solovieva, OV Solovyanov, P Sommer, A Sonay, WY Song, A Sopczak, AL Sopio, F Sopkova, JD Sorenson, IR Sotarriva Alvarez, V Sothilingam, OJ Soto Sandoval, S Sottocornola, R Soualah, Z Soumaimi, D South, N Soybelman, S Spagnolo, M Spalla, D Sperlich, B Spisso, DP Spiteri, M Spousta, EJ Staats, R Stamen, A Stampekis, E Stanecka, W Stanek-Maslouska, MV Stange, B Stanislaus, MM Stanitzki, B Stapf, EA Starchenko, GH Stark, J Stark, P Staroba, P Starovoitov, R Staszewski, G Stavropoulos, A Stefl, P Steinberg, B Stelzer, HJ Stelzer, O Stelzer-Chilton, H Stenzel, TJ Stevenson, GA Stewart, JR Stewart, MC Stockton, G Stoicea, M Stolarski, S Stonjek, A Straessner, J Strandberg, S Strandberg, M Stratmann, M Strauss, T Strebler, P Strizenec, R Ströhmer, DM Strom, R Stroynowski, A Strubig, SA Stucci, B Stugu, J Stupak, NA Styles, D Su, S Su, W Su, X Su, D Suchy, K Sugizaki, VV Sulin, MJ Sullivan, DMS Sultan, L Sultanaliyeva, S Sultansoy, S Sun, W Sun, O Sunneborn Gudnadottir, N Sur, MR Sutton, H Suzuki, M Svatos, M Swiatlowski, T Swirski, I Sykora, M Sykora, T Sykora, D Ta, K Tackmann, A Taffard, R Tafirout, JS Tafoya Vargas, Y Takubo, M Talby, AA Talyshev, KC Tam, NM Tamir, A Tanaka, J Tanaka, R Tanaka, M Tanasini, Z Tao, S Tapia Araya, S Tapprogge, A Tarek Abouelfadl Mohamed, S Tarem, K Tariq, G Tarna, GF Tartarelli, MJ Tartarin, P Tas, M Tasevsky, E Tassi, AC Tate, G Tateno, Y Tayalati, GN Taylor, W Taylor, P Teixeira-Dias, JJ Teoh, K Terashi, J Terron, S Terzo, M Testa, RJ Teuscher, A Thaler, O Theiner, T Theveneaux-Pelzer, O Thielmann, DW Thomas, JP Thomas, EA Thompson, PD Thompson, E Thomson, RE Thornberry, C Tian, Y Tian, V Tikhomirov, Yu A Tikhonov, S Timoshenko, D Timoshyn, EXL Ting, P Tipton, A Tishelman-Charny, SH Tlou, K Todome, S Todorova-Nova, S Todt, L Toffolin, M Togawa, J Tojo, S Tokár, O Toldaiev, G Tolkachev, M Tomoto, L Tompkins, E Torrence, H Torres, E Torró Pastor, M Toscani, C Tosciri, M Tost, DR Tovey, IS Trandafir, T Trefzger, A Tricoli, IM Trigger, S Trincaz-Duvoid, DA Trischuk, A Tropina, L Truong, M Trzebinski, A Trzupek, F Tsai, M Tsai, A Tsiamis, PV Tsiareshka, S Tsigaridas, A Tsirigotis, V Tsiskaridze, EG Tskhadadze, M Tsopoulou, Y Tsujikawa, II Tsukerman, V Tsulaia, S Tsuno, K Tsuri, D Tsybychev, Y Tu, A Tudorache, V Tudorache, S Turchikhin, I Turk Cakir, R Turra, T Turtuvshin, PM Tuts, S Tzamarias, E Tzovara, F Ukegawa, PA Ulloa Poblete, EN Umaka, G Unal, A Undrus, G Unel, J Urban, P Urrejola, G Usai, R Ushioda, M Usman, F Ustuner, Z Uysal, V Vacek, B Vachon, T Vafeiadis, A Vaitkus, C Valderanis, E Valdes Santurio, M Valente, S Valentinetti, A Valero, E Valiente Moreno, A Vallier, JA Valls Ferrer, DR Van Arneman, TR Van Daalen, A Van Der Graaf, P Van Gemmeren, M Van Rijnbach, S Van Stroud, I Van Vulpen, P Vana, M Vanadia, UM Vande Voorde, W Vandelli, ER Vandewall, D Vannicola, L Vannoli, R Vari, EW Varnes, C Varni, D Varouchas, L Varriale, KE Varvell, ME Vasile, L Vaslin, A Vasyukov, LM Vaughan, R Vavricka, T Vazquez Schroeder, J Veatch, V Vecchio, MJ Veen, I Veliscek, LM Veloce, F Veloso, S Veneziano, A Ventura, S Ventura Gonzalez, A Verbytskyi, M Verducci, C Vergis, M Verissimo De Araujo, W Verkerke, JC Vermeulen, C Vernieri, M Vessella, MC Vetterli, A Vgenopoulos, N Viaux Maira, T Vickey, OE Vickey Boeriu, GHA Viehhauser, L Vigani, M Vigl, M Villa, M Villaplana Perez, EM Villhauer, E Vilucchi, MG Vincter, A Visibile, C Vittori, I Vivarelli, E Voevodina, F Vogel, JC Voigt, P Vokac, Yu Volkotrub, E Von Toerne, B Vormwald, K Vorobev, M Vos, K Voss, M Vozak, L Vozdecky, N Vranjes, M Vranjes Milosavljevic, M Vreeswijk, NK Vu, R Vuillermet, O Vujinovic, I Vukotic, IK Vyas, S Wada, C Wagner, JM Wagner, W Wagner, S Wahdan, H Wahlberg, CH Waits, J Walder, R Walker, W Walkowiak, A Wall, EJ Wallin, T Wamorkar, AZ Wang, C Wang, C Wang, H Wang, J Wang, P Wang, P Wang, R Wang, R Wang, SM Wang, S Wang, T Wang, WT Wang, W Wang, X Wang, X Wang, Y Wang, Y Wang, Z Wang, Z Wang, Z Wang, A Warburton, RJ Ward, AL Warnerbring, N Warrack, S Waterhouse, AT Watson, H Watson, MF Watson, E Watton, G Watts, BM Waugh, JM Webb, C Weber, HA Weber, MS Weber, SM Weber, C Wei, Y Wei, AR Weidberg, EJ Weik, J Weingarten, C Weiser, CJ Wells, T Wenaus, B Wendland, T Wengler, NS Wenke, N Wermes, M Wessels, AM Wharton, AS White, A White, MJ White, D Whiteson, L Wickremasinghe, W Wiedenmann, M Wielers, C Wiglesworth, DJ Wilbern, HG Wilkens, JJH Wilkinson, DM Williams, HH Williams, S Williams, S Willocq, BJ Wilson, DJ Wilson, PJ Windischhofer, FI Winkel, F Winklmeier, BT Winter, M Wittgen, M Wobisch, T Wojtkowski, Z Wolffs, J Wollrath, MW Wolter, H Wolters, MC Wong, EL Woodward, SD Worm, BK Wosiek, KW Woźniak, S Wozniewski, K Wraight, C Wu, M Wu, M 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Zhou, Y Zhou, Y Zhou, Y Zhou, CG Zhu, J Zhu, X Zhu, Y Zhu, Y Zhu, X Zhuang, K Zhukov, NI Zimine, J Zinsser, M Ziolkowski, L Živković, A Zoccoli, K Zoch, TG Zorbas, O Zormpa, W Zou, L Zwalinski

Super-SNID: An Expanded Set of SNID Classes and Templates for the New Era of Wide-field Surveys

Research Notes of the American Astronomical Society American Astronomical Society 9:4 (2025) 78

Authors:

Dylan Magill, Michael D Fulton, Matt Nicholl, Stephen J Smartt, Charlotte R Angus, Shubham Srivastav, Ken W Smith

Abstract:

We present an expanded template library for the supernova identification (SNID) software, along with updated source files that make it easy to merge our templates—and other major SNID libraries—into the base code. This expansion, dubbed “Super-SNID,” increases the number of spectra for under-represented supernova classes (e.g., SNe Ia-02cx, Ibn) and adds new classes (e.g., SLSNe, TDEs, LFBOTs). Super-SNID includes 841 spectral templates for 161 objects, primarily from the Public ESO Spectroscopic Survey of Transient Objects Data Releases 1–4. The library is available on GitHub with simple installation instructions.

Discovery and Extensive Follow-up of SN 2024ggi, a Nearby Type IIP Supernova in NGC 3621

The Astrophysical Journal American Astronomical Society 983:1 (2025) 86

Authors:

Ting-Wan Chen, Sheng Yang, Shubham Srivastav, Takashi J Moriya, Stephen J Smartt, Sofia Rest, Armin Rest, Hsing Wen Lin, Hao-Yu Miao, Yu-Chi Cheng, Amar Aryan, Chia-Yu Cheng, Morgan Fraser, Li-Ching Huang, Meng-Han Lee, Cheng-Han Lai, Yu-Hsuan Liu, Aiswarya Sankar.K, Ken W Smith, Heloise F Stevance, Ze-Ning Wang, Joseph P Anderson, Charlotte R Angus, Thomas de Boer

Abstract:

We present the discovery and early observations of the nearby Type II supernova (SN) 2024ggi in NGC 3621 at 6.64 ± 0.3 Mpc. The SN was caught 5.8−2.9+1.9 hr after its explosion by the ATLAS survey. Early-phase, high-cadence, and multiband photometric follow-up was performed by the Kilonova Finder (Kinder) project, collecting over 1000 photometric data points within 1 week. The combined o- and r-band light curves show a rapid rise of 3.3 mag in 13.7 hr, much faster than SN 2023ixf (another nearby and well-observed SN II). Between 13.8 and 18.8 hr after explosion, SN 2024ggi became bluer, with u − g color dropping from 0.53 to 0.15 mag. The rapid blueward evolution indicates a wind shock breakout (SBO) scenario. No hour-long brightening expected for the SBO from a bare stellar surface was detected during our observations. The classification spectrum, taken 17 hr after the SN explosion, shows flash features of high-ionization species such as Balmer lines, He i, C iii, and N iii. Detailed light-curve modeling provides critical insights into the circumstellar material (CSM). Our favored model has an explosion energy of 2 × 1051 erg, a mass-loss rate of 10−3 M⊙ yr−1 (with an assumed 10 km s−1 wind), and a confined CSM radius of 6 × 1014 cm. The corresponding CSM mass is 0.4 M⊙. Comparisons with SN 2023ixf highlight that SN 2024ggi has a less dense confined CSM, resulting in a faster rise and fainter UV flux. Citizen astronomer collaboration and extensive data are essential for SBO searches and detailed SN characterizations.

Uniting the Observed Dynamical Dark Energy Preference with the Discrepancies in Ω m and H 0 across Cosmological Probes

The Astrophysical Journal Letters American Astronomical Society 983:1 (2025) L27

Authors:

Xianzhe TZ Tang, Dillon Brout, Tanvi Karwal, Chihway Chang, Vivian Miranda, Maria Vincenzi

Abstract:

Recent results from Type Ia supernovae, baryon acoustic oscillations (BAOs), and the cosmic microwave background (CMB) indicate (1) potentially discrepant measurements of the matter density Ωm and Hubble constant H0 in the ΛCDM model when analyzed individually and (2) hint of dynamical dark energy in a w0waCDM model when data are combined in a joint analysis. We examine whether underlying dynamical dark energy cosmologies favored by data would result in biases in Ωm and H0 for each probe when analyzed individually under ΛCDM. We generate mock data sets in w0waCDM cosmologies, fit the individual probes under the ΛCDM model, and find that expected biases in Ωm are ∼0.03. Notably, the Ωm differences between probes are consistent with values observed in real data sets. We also observe that mock DESI-BAO data sets generated in the w0wa CDM cosmologies will lead to a biased measurement of H0 higher by ∼1.2 km s−1 Mpc−1 when fitted under ΛCDM, appearing to mildly improve the Hubble tension, but as the true underlying H0 is lower, the tension is in fact worsened. We find that the Ωm discrepancies, the high BAO H0 relative to the CMB, and the joint dynamical dark energy signal are all related effects that could be explained simultaneously with either new physics or new systematics. While it is possible to unite many of the discrepancies seen in recent analyses along a single axis, our results underscore the importance of understanding systematic differences in data sets, as they have unique impacts in different cosmological parameter spaces.

A persistent disk wind and variable jet outflow in the neutron-star low-mass X-ray binary GX 13+1

(2025)

Authors:

Daniele Rogantini, Jeroen Homan, Richard M Plotkin, Maureen van den Berg, James Miller-Jones, Joey Neilsen, Deepto Chakrabarty, Rob P Fender, Norbert Schulz