AION/Magis

Abstract:

This article details two studies of Higgs boson properties using the vector-boson fusion production mode and the γγjj final state. Both efforts are based on a data sample corresponding to 164 fb−1 of s=13.6$$ \sqrt{s}=13.6 $$ TeV proton-proton collisions recorded by the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider. The first study employs matrix-element-based optimal observables to constrain CP-odd couplings beyond the Standard Model within the Standard Model Effective Field Theory framework, expressed in the Warsaw basis. The second study exploits angular distributions to probe the Higgs boson’s couplings to longitudinally and transversely polarised W and Z bosons in the production of the Higgs boson. To maximise the sensitivity, the constraints of the CP-odd couplings are combined with those from a previous analysis performed in γγjj events in a data sample of proton-proton collisions at s=13$$ \sqrt{s}=13 $$ TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 140 fb−1. A significant improvement with respect to the previous analysis is achieved through the implementation of a new neural-network-based classification algorithm. All measurements are in agreement with the Standard Model prediction of a CP-even Higgs boson with the expected relative coupling strengths to longitudinally and transversely polarised vector bosons.

Abstract:

Entanglement is a key property of quantum systems. In this Letter the first measurements of quantum entanglement between spins in pairs of $Z$ bosons are reported, using proton-proton collision data from the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at center-of-mass energies of 13 and 13.6 TeV, recorded with the ATLAS detector. Measurements of angular observables sensitive to $Z{Z}^{*}$ spin-density-matrix elements in the $H\to Z{Z}^{*}\to {\ell }^{+}{\ell }^{-}{\ell }^{+}{\ell }^{-}$ process yield coefficients $C_{2,1,2,-1}=-0.71\pm 0.45$ and $C_{2,2,2,-2}=0.08\pm 0.44$ , consistent with their Standard Model predictions. A complementary hypothesis test using the full angular distribution, and relying on several Standard Model assumptions in the decays, provides substantially higher sensitivity to quantum correlations and disfavors the separable-state hypothesis at a significance of 4.7 standard deviations (expected $4.9\sigma$ ) relative to the entangled Standard Model hypothesis. These results provide strong evidence of quantum entanglement between massive bosons (spin qutrits) at the electroweak scale.

Abstract:

We present a high-flux source of cold strontium atoms based on a two-dimensional magneto-optical trap (2D MOT) and a Zeeman slower. We use the source to load a 3D MOT in a separate science chamber, observing a loading rate of 4×1010 atoms/s—to our knowledge, the highest reported loading flux for strontium. To characterize the vacuum pressure in the science chamber, we load the atoms into a magnetic trap and measure a lifetime of between 8 and 24 s, depending on the oven temperature. Finally, we characterize the atom flux and velocity distributions from the oven and from the 2D MOT source, finding reasonable agreement with models in the free molecular flow regime. Our results show that it is possible to readily produce a cold strontium flux at comparable levels to those of alkali species, at oven temperatures compatible with long-term operation, and at vacuum pressures suitable for state-of-the-art quantum experiments. We make our design available at no cost to benefit researchers in the quantum community.

Abstract:

A search is performed for the electroweak pair production of charginos and associated production of a chargino and neutralino, each of which decays through an $R$ -parity-violating coupling into a lepton and a $W$ , $Z$ , or Higgs boson. This search targets the Higgs boson decay channel of the charginos and neutralinos, using events with three or more $b$ -tagged jets and one or two electrons or muons. The analyzed data corresponds to an integrated luminosity of $140{\mathrm{fb}}^{-1}$ and $56{\mathrm{fb}}^{-1}$ of proton-proton collision data produced by the Large Hadron Collider at center-of-mass energies of $\sqrt{s}=13\mathrm{TeV}$ and $\sqrt{s}=13.6\mathrm{TeV}$ , respectively, collected by the ATLAS experiment between 2015 and 2023. The data are found to be consistent with predictions from the Standard Model. The results are interpreted as limits at 95% confidence level on model-independent cross sections for processes beyond the Standard Model. Limits are also set on the production of charginos and neutralinos for a minimal supersymmetric Standard Model with an additional $B-L$ gauge symmetry that is spontaneously broken. Charginos and neutralinos with masses between 150 GeV and 1100 GeV are excluded at 95% confidence level for a scenario in which they decay via Higgs bosons, assuming equal decay branching fractions to each lepton flavor. Additional limits on chargino and neutralino production are derived for flavor-specific decay scenarios where the charginos decay into a single lepton flavor.