Multiple relativistic outbursts of GRS 1915+105: radio emission and internal shocks
(2005)
A dark jet dominates the power output of the stellar black hole Cygnus X-1.
Nature 436:7052 (2005) 819-821
Abstract:
Black holes undergoing accretion are thought to emit the bulk of their power in the X-ray band by releasing the gravitational potential energy of the infalling matter. At the same time, they are capable of producing highly collimated jets of energy and particles flowing out of the system with relativistic velocities. Here we show that the 10-solar-mass (10M(o)) black hole in the X-ray binary Cygnus X-1 (refs 3-5) is surrounded by a large-scale (approximately 5 pc in diameter) ring-like structure that appears to be inflated by the inner radio jet. We estimate that in order to sustain the observed emission of the ring, the jet of Cygnus X-1 has to carry a kinetic power that can be as high as the bolometric X-ray luminosity of the binary system. This result may imply that low-luminosity stellar-mass black holes as a whole dissipate the bulk of the liberated accretion power in the form of 'dark', radiatively inefficient relativistic outflows, rather than locally in the X-ray-emitting inflow.Correlation between radio luminosity and X-ray timing frequencies in neutron star and black hole X-ray binaries
(2005)
Energization of interstellar media and cosmic ray production by jets from X-ray binaries
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Oxford University Press (OUP) 360:3 (2005) 1085-1090