Beecroft Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology

Abstract:

Cosmological N-body simulations of the dark matter component of the universe typically use initial conditions with a fixed power spectrum and random phases of the density field, leading to structure consistent with the local distribution of galaxies only in a statistical sense. It is, however, possible to infer the initial phases which lead to the configuration of galaxies and clusters that we see around us. We analyse the CSiBORG suite of 101 simulations, formed by constraining the density field within 155 Mpc h⁻¹ with dark matter particle mass 4.38 × 10⁹ M_⊙, to quantify the degree to which constraints imposed on 2.65 Mpc h⁻¹ scales reduce variance in the halo mass function and halo–halo cross-correlation function on a range of scales. This is achieved by contrasting CSiBORG with a subset of the unconstrained Quijote simulations and expectations for the ΛCDM average. Using the FOF, PHEW, and HOP halofinders, we show that the CSiBORG suite beats cosmic variance at large mass scales (≳10¹⁴ M_⊙ h⁻¹), which are most strongly constrained by the initial conditions, and exhibits a significant halo–halo cross-correlation out to ∼30 Mpc h⁻¹. Moreover, the effect of the constraints percolates down to lower mass objects and to scales below those on which they are imposed. Finally, we develop an algorithm to ‘twin’ haloes between realizations and show that approximately 50 per cent of haloes with mass greater than 10¹⁵ M_⊙ h⁻¹ can be identified in all realizations of the CSiBORG suite. We make the CSiBORG halo catalogues publicly available for future applications requiring knowledge of the local halo field.

Abstract:

The cross-correlation between 21-cm intensity mapping (IM) experiments and photometric surveys of galaxies (or any other cosmological tracer with a broad radial kernel) is severely degraded by the loss of long-wavelength radial modes due to Galactic foreground contamination. Higher-order correlators are able to restore some of these modes due to the non-linear coupling between them and the local small-scale clustering induced by gravitational collapse. We explore the possibility of recovering information from the bispectrum between a photometric galaxy sample and an IM experiment, in the context of the clustering-redshifts technique. We demonstrate that the bispectrum is able to calibrate the redshift distribution of the photometric sample to the required accuracy of future experiments such as the Rubin Observatory, using future single-dish and interferometric 21-cm observations, in situations where the two-point function is not able to do so due to foreground contamination. We also show how this calibration is affected by the photometric redshift width σz,0 and maximum scale kmax. We find that it is important to reach scales $k \gtrsim 0.3\, h\, {\rm Mpc}^{-1}$, with the constraints saturating at around $k\sim 1\, h\, {\rm Mpc}^{-1}$ for next-generation experiments.

Abstract:

To understand the impact of radiation feedback during the formation of a globular cluster (GC), we simulate a head-on collision of two turbulent giant molecular clouds (GMCs). A series of idealized radiation-hydrodynamic simulations is performed, with and without stellar radiation or Type II supernovae. We find that a gravitationally bound, compact star cluster of mass M_GC ∼ 10⁵ M_⊙ forms within ≈3 Myr when two GMCs with mass M_GMC = 3.6 × 10⁵ M⊙ collide. The GC candidate does not form during a single collapsing event but emerges due to the mergers of local dense gas clumps and gas accretion. The momentum transfer due to the absorption of the ionizing radiation is the dominant feedback process that suppresses the gas collapse, and photoionization becomes efficient once a sufficient number of stars form. The cluster mass is larger by a factor of ∼2 when the radiation feedback is neglected, and the difference is slightly more pronounced (16%) when extreme Lyα feedback is considered in the fiducial run. In the simulations with radiation feedback, supernovae explode after the star-forming clouds are dispersed, and their metal ejecta are not instantaneously recycled to form stars.