Galaxy formation and evolution

Abstract:

Local and intermediate redshift galaxy samples obey well correlated relations between the stellar population luminosity and maximal galaxy rotation that define the Tully-Fisher (TF) relation. Consensus is starting to be reached on the TF relation at, but work at significantly higher redshifts is even more challenging, and has been limited by small galaxy sample sizes, the intrinsic scatter of galaxy properties, and increasing observational uncertainties. We present here the TF measurements of 41 galaxies at relatively high redshift, spectroscopically observed with the Keck/DEIMOS instrument by the DEEP2 project, a survey which will eventually offer a large galaxy sample of the greatest depth and number yet achieved towards this purpose. The 'first-look' sample analyzed here has a redshift range of with and an intrinsic magnitude range from MB of -22.66 to -20.57 (Vega). We find that compared to local fiducial samples, a brightening of 1.5 mag is observed, and consistent with passive evolutionary models. © 2007 The Authors. Journal compilation © 2007 RAS.

Abstract:

Stellar kinematics show no evidence of hidden mass concentrations at the centre of M83. We show the clearest evidence yet of an age gradient along the starburst arc and interpret the arc to have formed from orbital motion away from a starforming region in the dust lane. © 2008 Copyright International Astronomical Union 2008.

Abstract:

We analyse the first publicly released deep field of the UK Infrared Deep Sky Survey (UKIDSS) Deep eXtragalactic Survey to identify candidate galaxy overdensities at z ∼ 1 across ∼1 deg2 in the ELAIS-N1 field. Using I - K, J - K and K - 3.6 μm colours, we identify and spectroscopically follow up five candidate structures with Gemini/Gemini Multi-Object Spectrograph and confirm that they are all true overdensities with between five and 19 members each. Surprisingly, all five structures lie in a narrow redshift range at z = 0.89 ± 0.01, although they are spread across 30 Mpc on the sky. We also find a more distant overdensity at z = 1.09 in one of the spectroscopic survey regions. These five overdense regions lying in a narrow redshift range indicate the presence of a supercluster in this field and by comparing with mock cluster catalogues from N-body simulations we discuss the likely properties of this structure. Overall, we show that the properties of this supercluster are similar to the well-studied Shapley and Hercules superclusters at lower redshift. © 2007 RAS.

Abstract:

We measure the ages, stellar masses, and star formation histories of z ∼ 6 galaxies, observed within 1 Gyr of the big bang. We use imaging from the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) and the Spitzer Space Telescope from the public 'Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey' (GOODS), coupled with ground-based near-infrared imaging, to measure their spectral energy distributions (SEDs) from 0.8-5 μm, spanning the rest-frame ultraviolet (UV) and optical. From our sample of ≈50 'i′'-drop' Lyman-break star-forming galaxies in GOODS-South with z′AB < 27, we focus on ≈30 with reliable photometric or spectroscopic redshifts. Half of these are confused with foreground sources at Spitzer resolution, but from the 16 with clean photometry we find that a surprisingly large fraction (40 per cent) have evidence for substantial Balmer/4000-Å spectral breaks. This indicates the presence of old underlying stellar populations that dominate the stellar masses. For these objects, we find ages of ∼200-700 Myr, implying formation redshifts of 7 ≤ zf ≤ 18, and large stellar masses in the range ∼1-3 × 1010M⊙. Analysis of seven i′-drops that are undetected at 3.6 μm indicates that these are younger, considerably less massive systems. We calculate that emission line contamination should not severely affect our photometry or derived results. Using SED fits out to 8 μm, we find little evidence for substantial intrinsic dust reddening in our sources. We use our individual galaxy results to obtain an estimate of the global stellar mass density at z ∼ 6. Correcting for incompleteness in our sample, we find the z ∼ 6 comoving stellar mass density to be 2.5 × 106 M⊙ Mpc-3. This is a lower limit, as post-starburst and dust-obscured objects, and also galaxies below our selection thresholds, are not accounted for. From our results, we are able to explore the star formation histories of our selected galaxies, and we suggest that the past global star formation rate may have been much higher than that observed at the z ∼ 6 epoch. The associated UV flux we infer at z > 7 could have played a major role in reionizing the Universe. © 2006 RAS.

Abstract:

WFSPEC is a multi-integral field spectrograph instrument concept combining local AO correction over a wide field of view. This local correction is achieved by a multi object adaptive optics system integrated into the instrument. Instrument concept, development and preliminary results on performance simulations are discussed.