Laser-plasma accelerator group

Abstract:

Differential inclusive-jet cross sections have been measured for different jet radii in neutral current deep inelastic ep scattering for boson virtualities Q2 > 125   GeV2 with the ZEUS detector at HERA using an integrated luminosity of 81.7 pb-1. Jets were identified in the Breit frame using the kT cluster algorithm in the longitudinally inclusive mode for different values of the jet radius R. Differential cross sections are presented as functions of Q2 and the jet transverse energy, ET, Bjet. The dependence on R of the inclusive-jet cross section has been measured for Q2 > 125 and 500   GeV2 and found to be linear with R in the range studied. Next-to-leading-order QCD calculations give a good description of the measurements for 0.5 ≤ R ≤ 1. A value of αs (MZ) has been extracted from the measurements of the inclusive-jet cross section d σ / d Q2 with R = 1 for Q2 > 500   GeV2: αs (MZ) = 0.1207 ± 0.0014 (stat .)-0.0033+0.0035 (exp .)-0.0023+0.0022 (th .). The variation of αs with ET, Bjet is in a good agreement with the running of αs as predicted by QCD. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Abstract:

Laser wakefield accelerators can produce electric fields of order 10-100 GV/m, suitable for acceleration of electrons to relativistic energies. The wakefields are excited by a relativistically intense laser pulse propagating through a plasma and have a phase velocity determined by the group velocity of the light pulse. Two important effects that can limit the acceleration distance and hence the net energy gain obtained by an electron are diffraction of the drive laser pulse and particle-wake dephasing. Diffraction of a focused ultrashort laser pulse can be overcome by using preformed plasma channels. The dephasing limit can be increased by operating at a lower plasma density, since this results in an increase in the laser group velocity. Here we present detailed results on the generation of GeV-class electron beams using an intense femtosecond laser beam and a 3.3 cm long preformed discharge-based plasma channel [W. P. Leemans et al., Nature Physics 2, 696 (2006)]. The use of a discharge-based waveguide permitted operation at an order of magnitude lower density and 15 times longer distance than in previous experiments that relied on laser preformed plasma channels. Laser pulses with peak power ranging from 10-40 TW were guided over more than 20 Rayleigh ranges and high quality electron beams with energy up to 1 GeV were obtained by channeling a 40 TW peak power laser pulse. The dependence of the electron beam characteristics on capillary properties, plasma density, and laser parameters are discussed. (C) 2007 American Institute of Physics.

Abstract:

Mean values and differential distributions of event-shape variables have been studied in neutral current deep inelastic scattering using an integrated luminosity of 82.2 pb-1 collected with the ZEUS detector at HERA. The kinematic range is 80 < Q2 < 20 480 GeV2 and 0.0024 < x < 0.6, where Q2 is the virtuality of the exchanged boson and x is the Bjorken variable. The data are compared with a model based on a combination of next-to-leading-order QCD calculations with next-to-leading-logarithm corrections and the Dokshitzer-Webber non-perturbative power corrections. The power-correction method provides a reasonable description of the data for all event-shape variables studied. Nevertheless, the lack of consistency of the determination of αs and of the non-perturbative parameter of the model, over(α0, -), suggests the importance of higher-order processes that are not yet included in the model. © 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Abstract:

The production of beauty quarks with a D*± and a muon in the final state has been measured with the ZEUS detector at HERA using an integrated luminosity of 114 pb-1. Low transverse-momentum thresholds for the muon and D* meson allow for a measurement of beauty production closer to the production threshold than previous measurements. The beauty signal was extracted using the charge correlations and angular distributions of the muon with respect to the D* meson. Cross sections for photoproduction and deep inelastic scattering are somewhat higher than, but compatible with, next-to-leading-order QCD predictions, and compatible with other measurements. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2007.

Abstract:

The photoproduction of dijet events, where the two jets with the highest transverse energy are separated by a large gap in pseudorapidity, have been studied with the ZEUS detector using an integrated luminosity of 39 pb -1. Rapidity-gap events are defined in terms of the energy flow between the jets, such that the total summed transverse energy in this region is less than some value ETCUT. The data show a clear excess over the predictions of standard photoproduction models. This is interpreted as evidence for a strongly interacting exchange of a color-singlet object. Monte Carlo models which include such a color-singlet exchange are able to describe the data. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2007.