LHCb

Abstract:

The first observation of the Ξb0→J/ψΞ-π+$${{{{\varXi } ^0_{b}} \!\rightarrow {{J \hspace{-1.66656pt}/\hspace{-1.111pt}\psi }} {{\varXi } ^-} {{\pi } ^+} }}$$ decay and the most precise measurement of the branching fraction of the Λb0→J/ψΞ-K+$${{{\varLambda } ^0_{b}} \!\rightarrow {{J \hspace{-1.66656pt}/\hspace{-1.111pt}\psi }} {{\varXi } ^-} {{K} ^+} }$$ decay are reported, using proton-proton collision data from the LHCb experiment collected in 2016–2018 at a centre-of-mass energy of 13\,TeV$$\text {\,Te\hspace{-1.00006pt}V}$$, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 5.4\,fb-1$$\text {\,fb} ^{-1}$$. Using the Λb0→J/ψΛ$${{{{\varLambda } ^0_{b}} \!\rightarrow {{J \hspace{-1.66656pt}/\hspace{-1.111pt}\psi }} {\varLambda } }}$$ and Ξb-→J/ψΞ-$${{{{\varXi } ^-_{b}} \!\rightarrow {{J \hspace{-1.66656pt}/\hspace{-1.111pt}\psi }} {{\varXi } ^-} }}$$ decays as normalisation channels, the ratios of branching fractions are measured to be B(Λb0→J/ψΞ-K+)B(Λb0→J/ψΛ)=(1.17±0.14±0.08)×10-2,B(Ξb0→J/ψΞ-π+)B(Ξb-→J/ψΞ-)=(11.9±1.4±0.6)×10-2,$$\begin{aligned} {\frac{{{\mathcal {B}}}({{{\varLambda } ^0_{b}} \!\rightarrow {{J \hspace{-1.66656pt}/\hspace{-1.111pt}\psi }} {{\varXi } ^-} {{K} ^+} })}{{{\mathcal {B}}}({{{{\varLambda } ^0_{b}} \!\rightarrow {{J \hspace{-1.66656pt}/\hspace{-1.111pt}\psi }} {\varLambda } }})}}&= (1.17 \pm 0.14 \pm 0.08)\times 10^{-2} \, ,\\ {\frac{{{\mathcal {B}}}({{{{\varXi } ^0_{b}} \!\rightarrow {{J \hspace{-1.66656pt}/\hspace{-1.111pt}\psi }} {{\varXi } ^-} {{\pi } ^+} }})}{{{\mathcal {B}}}({{{{\varXi } ^-_{b}} \!\rightarrow {{J \hspace{-1.66656pt}/\hspace{-1.111pt}\psi }} {{\varXi } ^-} }})}}&= (11.9 \pm 1.4 \pm 0.6)\times 10^{-2}\, , \end{aligned}$$where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second systematic.

Abstract:

The ratio of prompt production cross-sections of ψ(2S) and J/ψ mesons in their dimuon final state is measured as a function of centrality, using data collected by the LHCb detector in PbPb collisions at sNN = 5.02 TeV, for the first time in the forward rapidity region. The measured ratio shows no dependence on the collision centrality, and is compared to the latest theory predictions and to the recent measurements in literature.

Abstract:

A test of lepton universality between muons and electrons is performed using B+ → K+ℓ+ℓ− decays (where ℓ = e, μ), in the dilepton invariant-mass-squared region above 14.3 GeV2/c4. The data used for the measurement consists of beauty meson decays produced in proton-proton collisions, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 9 fb−1, collected by the LHCb experiment between 2011 and 2018. The ratio of branching fractions for B+→ K+μ+μ− and B+→ K+e+e− decays is measured to be RK=1.08−0.09+0.11stat−0.04+0.04syst, which is consistent with the Standard Model prediction of unity. This constitutes the most precise test of lepton flavour universality using B+ → K+ℓ+ℓ− decays with dilepton invariant-mass-squared above the ψ(2S) mass, whilst being the first of its kind at a hadron collider.

Abstract:

The Standard Model of particle physics—the theory of particles and interactions at the smallest scale—predicts that matter and antimatter interact differently due to violation of the combined symmetry of charge conjugation (C) and parity (P). Charge conjugation transforms particles into their antimatter particles, whereas the parity transformation inverts spatial coordinates. This prediction applies to both mesons, which consist of a quark and an antiquark, and baryons, which are composed of three quarks. However, despite having been discovered in various meson decays, CP violation has yet to be observed in baryons, the type of matter that makes up the observable Universe. Here we report a study of the decay of the beauty baryon Λ0b$${\varLambda }_{0}^{b}$$ to the pK−π+π− final state, which proceeds through b → u or b → s quark-level transitions, and its CP-conjugated process, using data collected by the Large Hadron Collider beauty experiment1 at the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN). The results reveal significant asymmetries between the decay rates of the Λ0b$${\varLambda }_{0}^{b}$$ baryon and its CP-conjugated antibaryon, providing, to our knowledge, the first observation of CP violation in baryon decays and demonstrating the different behaviours of baryons and antibaryons. In the Standard Model, CP violation arises from the Cabibbo–Kobayashi–Maskawa mechanism2, and new forces or particles beyond the Standard Model could provide further contributions. This discovery opens a new path in the search for physics beyond the Standard Model.

Abstract:

The first evidence for the decay B-→D**0τ-ν¯τ is obtained using proton-proton collision data collected by the LHCb experiment, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 9 fb-1, at centre-of-mass energies of 7, 8, and 13 TeV. Here, the D**0 meson represents any of the three excited charm mesons D1(2420)0, D2*(2460)0, and D1′(2400)0. The B-→D**0τ-ν¯τ signal is measured with a significance of 3.5σ, including systematic uncertainties. The combined branching fraction B(B-→D1,2**0τ-ν¯τ)×B(D1,2**0→D*+π-), where D1,2**0 denotes both D1(2420)0 and D2*(2460)0 contributions, is measured to be [0.051±0.013(stat)±0.006(syst)±0.009(ext)]%, where the last uncertainty reflects that of the branching fraction of the normalization channel B-→D1,2**0Ds-(*). The ratio between the tauonic and muonic semileptonic B decays, with the latter taken from world average values, is also determined and found to be R(D1,2**0)=0.13±0.03(stat)±0.01(syst)±0.02(ext).