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Hannah Christensen (she/her)

Associate Professor

Research theme

  • Climate physics

Sub department

  • Atmospheric, Oceanic and Planetary Physics

Research groups

  • Atmospheric processes
Hannah.Christensen@physics.ox.ac.uk
Telephone: 01865 (2)72908
Atmospheric Physics Clarendon Laboratory, room F52
  • About
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  • Publications

Multifractal Analysis for Evaluating the Representation of Clouds in Global Kilometre-Scale Models

(2024)

Authors:

Lilli Johanna Freischem, Philipp Weiss, Hannah Christensen, Philip Stier
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Using probabilistic machine learning to better model temporal patterns in parameterizations: a case study with the Lorenz 96 model

Geoscientific Model Development Copernicus Publications 16:15 (2023) 4501-4519

Authors:

Raghul Parthipan, Hannah M Christensen, J Scott Hosking, Damon J Wischik
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On the relationship between reliability diagrams and the ‘signal-to-noise paradox’

Geophysical Research Letters American Geophysical Union 50:14 (2023) e2023GL103710

Authors:

Kristian Strommen, Molly MacRae, Hannah Christensen

Abstract:

The ‘signal-to-noise paradox’ for seasonal forecasts of the winter NAO is often described as an ‘underconfident’ forecast and measured using the ratio-of-predictable components metric (RPC). However, comparison of RPC with other measures of forecast confidence, such as spread-error ratios, can give conflicting impressions, challenging this informal description. We show, using a linear statistical model, that the ‘paradox’ is equivalent to a situation where the reliability diagram of any percentile forecast has a slope exceeding 1. The relationship with spread-error ratios is shown to be far less direct. We furthermore compute reliability diagrams of winter NAO forecasts using seasonal hindcasts from the European Centre for Medium-range Weather Forecasts and the UK Meteoro logical Office. While these broadly exhibit slopes exceeding 1, there is evidence of asymmetry between upper and lower terciles, indicating a potential violation of linearity/Gaussianity. The limitations and benefits of reliability diagrams as a diagnostic tool are discussed.
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Robustness of the stochastic parameterization of sub-grid scale wind variability in sea-surface fluxes

Monthly Weather Review American Meteorological Society 151:10 (2023) 2587-2607

Authors:

Kota Endo, Adam H Monahan, Julie Bessac, Hannah Christensen, Nils Weitzel

Abstract:

High-resolution numerical models have been used to develop statistical models of the enhancement of sea surface fluxes resulting from spatial variability of sea-surface wind. In particular, studies have shown that the flux enhancement is not a deterministic function of the resolved state. Previous studies focused on single geographical areas or used a single high-resolution numerical model. This study extends the development of such statistical models by considering six different high-resolution models, four different geographical regions, and three different ten-day periods, allowing for a systematic investigation of the robustness of both the deterministic and stochastic parts of the data-driven parameterization. Results indicate that the deterministic part, based on regressing the unresolved normalized flux onto resolved scale normalized flux and precipitation, is broadly robust across different models, regions, and time periods. The statistical features of the stochastic part of the model (spatial and temporal autocorrelation and parameters of a Gaussian process fit to the regression residual) are also found to be robust and not strongly sensitive to the underlying model, modelled geographical region, or time period studied. Best-fit Gaussian process parameters display robust spatial heterogeneity across models, indicating potential for improvements to the statistical model. These results illustrate the potential for the development of a generic, explicitly stochastic parameterization of sea-surface flux enhancements dependent on wind variability.
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Environmental Precursors to Mesoscale Convective Systems

Copernicus Publications (2023)

Authors:

Mark Muetzelfeldt, Robert Plant, Hannah Christensen
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