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LSST/Rubin Dome Bridge Installation
Credit: Rubin Obs/NSF/AURA

Dr Farrukh Azfar

Lecturer

Research theme

  • Particle astrophysics & cosmology
  • Fundamental particles and interactions

Sub department

  • Particle Physics

Research groups

  • Accelerator Neutrinos
  • Rubin-LSST
Farrukh.Azfar@physics.ox.ac.uk
Telephone: 01865 (2)73327
Denys Wilkinson Building, room 669
  • About
  • Publications

Highly-parallelized simulation of a pixelated LArTPC on a GPU

Journal of Instrumentation IOP Publishing 18:04 (2023) P04034-P04034

Authors:

A Abed Abud, B Abi, R Acciarri, MA Acero, MR Adames, G Adamov, M Adamowski, D Adams, M Adinolfi, C Adriano, A Aduszkiewicz, J Aguilar, Z Ahmad, J Ahmed, B Aimard, F Akbar, K Allison, S Alonso Monsalve, M Alrashed, C Alt, A Alton, R Alvarez, P Amedo, J Anderson, DA Andrade, F Azfar

Abstract:

Abstract The rapid development of general-purpose computing on graphics processing units (GPGPU) is allowing the implementation of highly-parallelized Monte Carlo simulation chains for particle physics experiments. This technique is particularly suitable for the simulation of a pixelated charge readout for time projection chambers, given the large number of channels that this technology employs. Here we present the first implementation of a full microphysical simulator of a liquid argon time projection chamber (LArTPC) equipped with light readout and pixelated charge readout, developed for the DUNE Near Detector. The software is implemented with an end-to-end set of GPU-optimized algorithms. The algorithms have been written in Python and translated into CUDA kernels using Numba, a just-in-time compiler for a subset of Python and NumPy instructions. The GPU implementation achieves a speed up of four orders of magnitude compared with the equivalent CPU version. The simulation of the current induced on 10^3 pixels takes around 1 ms on the GPU, compared with approximately 10 s on the CPU. The results of the simulation are compared against data from a pixel-readout LArTPC prototype.
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Lectures in Relativistic Quantum Measures

World Scientific Publishing, 2023
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Separation of track- and shower-like energy deposits in ProtoDUNE-SP using a convolutional neural network

European Physical Journal C Springer Nature 82:10 (2022) 903

Authors:

A Abed Abud, B Abi, R Acciarri, MA Acero, MR Adames, G Adamov, M Adamowski, D Adams, M Adinolfi, A Aduszkiewicz, J Aguilar, Z Ahmad, J Ahmed, B Aimard, B Ali-Mohammadzadeh, T Alion, K Allison, S Alonso Monsalve, M AlRashed, C Alt, A Alton, R Alvarez, P Amedo, J Anderson, C Andreopoulos, M Andreotti, M Andrews, F Andrianala, S Andringa, N Anfimov, A Ankowski, M Antoniassi, M Antonova, A Antoshkin, S Antusch, A Aranda-Fernandez, L Arellano, LO Arnold, MA Arroyave, J Asaadi, L Asquith, A Aurisano, V Aushev, D Autiero, V Ayala Lara, M Ayala-Torres, F Azfar, M Babicz, A Back, H Back, JJ Back, C Backhouse, I Bagaturia, L Bagby, N Balashov, S Balasubramanian, P Baldi, B Baller, B Bambah, F Barao, G Barenboim, G Barker, W Barkhouse, C Barnes, G Barr, J Barranco Monarca, A Barros, N Barros, JL Barrow, A Basharina-Freshville, A Bashyal, V Basque, C Batchelor, E Batista das Chagas, J Battat, F Battisti, F Bay, MCQ Bazetto, J Bazo Alba, JF Beacom, E Bechetoille, B Behera, C Beigbeder, L Bellantoni, G Bellettini, V Bellini, O Beltramello, N Benekos, C Benitez Montiel, F Bento Neves, J Berger, S Berkman, P Bernardini, RM Berner, A Bersani, S Bertolucci, M Betancourt, A Betancur Rodríguez, A Bevan, Y Bezawada, TS Bezerra, A Bhardwaj, V Bhatnagar, M Bhattacharjee, D Bhattarai, S Bhuller, B Bhuyan, S Biagi, J Bian, M Biassoni, K Biery, B Bilki, M Bishai, A Bitadze, A Blake, F Blaszczyk, G Blazey, E Blucher, J Boissevain, S Bolognesi, T Bolton, L Bomben, M Bonesini, M Bongrand, C Bonilla-Diaz, F Bonini, A Booth, F Boran, S Bordoni, A Borkum, N Bostan, P Bour, C Bourgeois, D Boyden, J Bracinik, D Braga, D Brailsford, A Branca, A Brandt, J Bremer, D Breton, C Brew, SJ Brice, C Brizzolari, C Bromberg, J Brooke, A Bross, G Brunetti, M Brunetti, N Buchanan, H Budd, I Butorov, I Cagnoli, T Cai, D Caiulo, R Calabrese, P Calafiura, J Calcutt, M Calin, S Calvez, E Calvo, A Caminata, M Campanelli, D Caratelli, D Carber, J Carceller, G Carini, B Carlus, MF Carneiro, P Carniti, I Caro Terrazas, H Carranza, T Carroll, JF Castaño Forero, A Castillo, C Castromonte, E Catano-Mur, C Cattadori, F Cavalier, G Cavallaro, F Cavanna, S Centro, G Cerati, A Cervelli, A Cervera Villanueva, M Chalifour, A Chappell, E Chardonnet, N Charitonidis, A Chatterjee, S Chattopadhyay, M Chavarry Neyra, H Chen, M Chen, Y Chen, Z Chen, Z Chen-Wishart, Y Cheon, D Cherdack, C Chi, S Childress, R Chirco, A Chiriacescu, G Chisnall, K Cho, S Choate, D Chokheli, PS Chong, A Christensen, D Christian, G Christodoulou, A Chukanov, M Chung, E Church, V Cicero, P Clarke, G Cline, TE Coan, AG Cocco, J Coelho, N Colton, E Conley, R Conley, J Conrad, M Convery, S Copello, P Cova, L Cremaldi, L Cremonesi, JI Crespo-Anadón, M Crisler, E Cristaldo, J Crnkovic, R Cross, A Cudd, C Cuesta, Y Cui, D Cussans, O Dalager, H Da Motta, L Da Silva Peres, C David, Q David, GS Davies, S Davini, J Dawson, K De, S De, P Debbins, I De Bonis, M Decowski, A De Gouvea, PC De Holanda, IL De Icaza Astiz, A Deisting, P De Jong, A Delbart, D Delepine, M Delgado, A Dell’Acqua, N Delmonte, P De Lurgio, JR De Mello Neto, DM DeMuth, S Dennis, C Densham, GW Deptuch, A De Roeck, V De Romeri, G De Souza, R Devi, R Dharmapalan, M Dias, F Diaz, J Diaz, S Di Domizio, L Di Giulio, P Ding, L Di Noto, G Dirkx, C Distefano, R Diurba, M Diwan, Z Djurcic, D Doering, S Dolan, F Dolek, M Dolinski, L Domine, Y Donon, D Douglas, D Douillet, A Dragone, G Drake, F Drielsma, L Duarte, D Duchesneau, K Duffy, P Dunne, B Dutta, H Duyang, O Dvornikov, D Dwyer, A Dyshkant, M Eads, A Earle, D Edmunds, J Eisch, L Emberger, S Emery, P Englezos, A Ereditato, T Erjavec, C Escobar, G Eurin, JJ Evans, E Ewart, AC Ezeribe, K Fahey, A Falcone, M Fani’, C Farnese, Y Farzan, D Fedoseev, J Felix, Y Feng, E Fernandez-Martinez, P Fernandez Menendez, M Fernandez Morales, F Ferraro, L Fields, P Filip, F Filthaut, M Fiorini, V Fischer, RS Fitzpatrick, W Flanagan, B Fleming, R Flight, S Fogarty, W Foreman, J Fowler, W Fox, J Franc, K Francis, D Franco, J Freeman, J Freestone, J Fried, A Friedland, F Fuentes Robayo, S Fuess, IK Furic, K Furman, AP Furmanski, A Gabrielli, A Gago, H Gallagher, A Gallas, A Gallego-Ros, N Gallice, V Galymov, E Gamberini, T Gamble, F Ganacim, R Gandhi, R Gandrajula, F Gao, S Gao, D Garcia-Gamez, MÁ García-Peris, S Gardiner, D Gastler, J Gauvreau, G Ge, N Geffroy, B Gelli, A Gendotti, S Gent, Z Ghorbani-Moghaddam, P Giammaria, T Giammaria, N Giangiacomi, D Gibin, I Gil-Botella, S Gilligan, C Girerd, A Giri, D Gnani, O Gogota, M Gold, S Gollapinni, K Gollwitzer, RA Gomes, L Gomez Bermeo, LS Gomez Fajardo, F Gonnella, D Gonzalez-Diaz, M Gonzalez-Lopez, MC Goodman, O Goodwin, S Goswami, C Gotti, E Goudzovski, C Grace, R Gran, E Granados, P Granger, A Grant, C Grant, D Gratieri, P Green, L Greenler, J Greer, J Grenard, C Griffith, M Groh, J Grudzinski, K Grzelak, W Gu, E Guardincerri, V Guarino, M Guarise, R Guenette, E Guerard, M Guerzoni, D Guffanti, A Guglielmi, B Guo, A Gupta, V Gupta, K Guthikonda, R Gutierrez, P Guzowski, MM Guzzo, S Gwon, C Ha, K Haaf, A Habig, H Hadavand, R Haenni, A Hahn, J Haiston, P Hamacher-Baumann, T Hamernik, P Hamilton, J Han, DA Harris, J Hartnell, T Hartnett, J Harton, T Hasegawa, C Hasnip, R Hatcher, KW Hatfield, A Hatzikoutelis, C Hayes, K Hayrapetyan, J Hays, E Hazen, M He, A Heavey, KM Heeger, J Heise, S Henry, M Hernandez Morquecho, K Herner, J Hewes, C Hilgenberg, T Hill, SJ Hillier, A Himmel, E Hinkle, LR Hirsch, J Ho, J Hoff, A Holin, E Hoppe, GA Horton-Smith, M Hostert, A Hourlier, B Howard, R Howell, J Hoyos, I Hristova, MS Hronek, J Huang, Z Hulcher, G Iles, N Ilic, AM Iliescu, R Illingworth, G Ingratta, A Ioannisian, B Irwin, L Isenhower, R Itay, CM Jackson, V Jain, E James, W Jang, B Jargowsky, F Jediny, D Jena, Y Jeong, C Jesús-Valls, X Ji, L Jiang, S Jiménez, A Jipa, R Johnson, W Johnson, N Johnston, B Jones, S Jones, M Judah, C Jung, T Junk, Y Jwa, M Kabirnezhad, A Kaboth, I Kadenko, I Kakorin, A Kalitkina, D Kalra, F Kamiya, N Kaneshige, DM Kaplan, G Karagiorgi, G Karaman, A Karcher, M Karolak, Y Karyotakis, S Kasai, SP Kasetti, L Kashur, N Kazaryan, E Kearns, P Keener, KJ Kelly, E Kemp, O Kemularia, W Ketchum, SH Kettell, M Khabibullin, A Khotjantsev, A Khvedelidze, D Kim, B King, B Kirby, M Kirby, J Klein, A Klustova, T Kobilarcik, K Koehler, LW Koerner, DH Koh, S Kohn, PP Koller, L Kolupaeva, D Korablev, M Kordosky, T Kosc, U Kose, V Kostelecky, K Kothekar, R Kralik, L Kreczko, F Krennrich, I Kreslo, W Kropp, T Kroupova, S Kubota, Y Kudenko, VA Kudryavtsev, S Kulagin, J Kumar, P Kumar, P Kunze, N Kurita, C Kuruppu, V Kus, T Kutter, J Kvasnicka, D Kwak, A Lambert, B Land, CE Lane, K Lang, T Langford, M Langstaff, J Larkin, P Lasorak, D Last, A Laundrie, G Laurenti, A Lawrence, I Lazanu, R LaZur, M Lazzaroni, T Le, S Leardini, J Learned, P LeBrun, T LeCompte, C Lee, S Lee, G Lehmann Miotto, R Lehnert, M Leigui de Oliveira, M Leitner, LM Lepin, S Li, Y Li, H Liao, C Lin, Q Lin, S Lin, RA Lineros, J Ling, A Lister, BR Littlejohn, J Liu, Y Liu, S Lockwitz, T Loew, M Lokajicek, I Lomidze, K Long, T Lord, J LoSecco, WC Louis, X Lu, K Luk, B Lunday, X Luo, E Luppi, T Lux, VP Luzio, J Maalmi, D MacFarlane, A Machado, P Machado, C Macias, J Macier, A Maddalena, A Madera, P Madigan, S Magill, K Mahn, A Maio, A Major, JA Maloney, G Mandrioli, RC Mandujano, JC Maneira, L Manenti, S Manly, A Mann, K Manolopoulos, M Manrique Plata, VN Manyam, L Manzanillas, M Marchan, A Marchionni, W Marciano, D Marfatia, C Mariani, J Maricic, R Marie, F Marinho, AD Marino, D Marsden, M Marshak, C Marshall, J Marshall, J Marteau, J Martin-Albo, N Martinez, DA Martinez Caicedo, P Martínez Miravé, S Martynenko, V Mascagna, K Mason, A Mastbaum, F Matichard, S Matsuno, J Matthews, C Mauger, N Mauri, K Mavrokoridis, I Mawby, R Mazza, A Mazzacane, E Mazzucato, T McAskill, E McCluskey, N McConkey, KS McFarland, C McGrew, A McNab, A Mefodiev, P Mehta, P Melas, O Mena, H Mendez, P Mendez, DP Méndez, A Menegolli, G Meng, M Messier, W Metcalf, T Mettler, M Mewes, H Meyer, T Miao, G Michna, T Miedema, V Mikola, R Milincic, G Miller, W Miller, J Mills, O Mineev, A Minotti, OG Miranda, S Miryala, C Mishra, S Mishra, A Mislivec, M Mitchell, D Mladenov, I Mocioiu, K Moffat, N Moggi, R Mohanta, TA Mohayai, N Mokhov, JA Molina, L Molina Bueno, E Montagna, A Montanari, C Montanari, D Montanari, LM Montano Zetina, S Moon, M Mooney, AF Moor, D Moreno, D Moretti, C Morris, C Mossey, M Mote, E Motuk, CA Moura, J Mousseau, G Mouster, W Mu, L Mualem, J Mueller, M Muether, S Mufson, F Muheim, A Muir, M Mulhearn, D Munford, H Muramatsu, S Murphy, J Musser, J Nachtman, S Nagu, M Nalbandyan, R Nandakumar, D Naples, S Narita, A Nath, A Navrer-Agasson, N Nayak, M Nebot-Guinot, K Negishi, JK Nelson, J Nesbit, M Nessi, D Newbold, M Newcomer, H Newton, R Nichol, F Nicolas-Arnaldos, A Nikolica, E Niner, K Nishimura, A Norman, A Norrick, R Northrop, P Novella, JA Nowak, M Oberling, J Ochoa-Ricoux, A Olivier, A Olshevskiy, Y Onel, Y Onishchuk, J Ott, L Pagani, G Palacio, O Palamara, S Palestini, JM Paley, M Pallavicini, C Palomares, W Panduro Vazquez, E Pantic, V Paolone, V Papadimitriou, R Papaleo, A Papanestis, S Paramesvaran, S Parke, E Parozzi, Z Parsa, M Parvu, S Pascoli, L Pasqualini, J Pasternak, J Pater, C Patrick, L Patrizii, RB Patterson, S Patton, T Patzak, A Paudel, B Paulos, L Paulucci, Z Pavlovic, G Pawloski, D Payne, V Pec, SJ Peeters, A Pena Perez, E Pennacchio, A Penzo, OL Peres, J Perry, D Pershey, G Pessina, G Petrillo, C Petta, R Petti, V Pia, F Piastra, L Pickering, F Pietropaolo, VL Pimentel, G Pinaroli, K Plows, R Plunkett, R Poling, F Pompa, X Pons, N Poonthottathil, F Poppi, S Pordes, J Porter, M Potekhin, R Potenza, BV Potukuchi, J Pozimski, M Pozzato, S Prakash, T Prakash, M Prest, S Prince, F Psihas, D Pugnere, X Qian, J Raaf, V Radeka, J Rademacker, B Radics, A Rafique, E Raguzin, M Rai, M Rajaoalisoa, I Rakhno, A Rakotonandrasana, L Rakotondravohitra, R Rameika, M Ramirez Delgado, B Ramson, A Rappoldi, G Raselli, P Ratoff, S Raut, R Razakamiandra, E Rea, J Real, B Rebel, R Rechenmacher, M Reggiani-Guzzo, J Reichenbacher, SD Reitzner, H Rejeb Sfar, A Renshaw, S Rescia, F Resnati, A Reynolds, M Ribas, S Riboldi, C Riccio, G Riccobene, LC Rice, J Ricol, A Rigamonti, Y Rigaut, EV Rincón, H Ritchie-Yates, D Rivera, A Robert, L Rochester, M Roda, P Rodrigues, MJ Rodriguez Alonso, E Rodriguez Bonilla, J Rodriguez Rondon, S Rosauro-Alcaraz, M Rosenberg, P Rosier, B Roskovec, M Rossella, M Rossi, J Rout, P Roy, A Rubbia, C Rubbia, B Russell, D Ruterbories, A Rybnikov, A Saa-Hernandez, R Saakyan, S Sacerdoti, T Safford, N Sahu, P Sala, N Samios, O Samoylov, M Sanchez, V Sandberg, DA Sanders, D Sankey, S Santana, M Santos-Maldonado, N Saoulidou, P Sapienza, C Sarasty, I Sarcevic, G Savage, V Savinov, A Scaramelli, A Scarff, A Scarpelli, T Schefke, H Schellman, S Schifano, P Schlabach, D Schmitz, AW Schneider, K Scholberg, A Schukraft, E Segreto, A Selyunin, CR Senise, J Sensenig, A Sergi, D Sgalaberna, M Shaevitz, S Shafaq, F Shaker, M Shamma, R Sharankova, HR Sharma, R Sharma, RK Sharma, T Shaw, K Shchablo, C Shepherd-Themistocleous, A Sheshukov, S Shin, I Shoemaker, D Shooltz, R Shrock, H Siegel, L Simard, J Sinclair, G Sinev, J Singh, J Singh, L Singh, P Singh, V Singh, R Sipos, F Sippach, G Sirri, A Sitraka, K Siyeon, K Skarpaas, A Smith, E Smith, P Smith, J Smolik, M Smy, E Snider, P Snopok, D Snowden-Ifft, M Soares Nunes, H Sobel, M Soderberg, S Sokolov, CJ Solano Salinas, S Söldner-Rembold, S Soleti, N Solomey, V Solovov, WE Sondheim, M Sorel, A Sotnikov, J Soto-Oton, F Soto Ugaldi, A Sousa, K Soustruznik, F Spagliardi, M Spanu, J Spitz, NJC Spooner, K Spurgeon, M Stancari, L Stanco, C Stanford, D Stefan, R Stein, H Steiner, AF Steklain Lisbôa, J Stewart, B Stillwell, J Stock, F Stocker, T Stokes, M Strait, T Strauss, L Strigari, A Stuart, JG Suarez, J Suárez Sunción, R Sulej, H Sullivan, D Summers, A Surdo, V Susic, L Suter, C Sutera, R Svoboda, B Szczerbinska, AM Szelc, H Tanaka, S Tang, A Tapia, B Tapia Oregui, A Tapper, S Tariq, E Tarpara, N Tata, E Tatar, R Tayloe, A Teklu, P Tennessen, M Tenti, K Terao, CA Ternes, F Terranova, G Testera, T Thakore, A Thea, JL Thompson, C Thorn, S Timm, V Tishchenko, L Tomassetti, A Tonazzo, D Torbunov, M Torti, M Tortola, F Tortorici, N Tosi, D Totani, M Toups, C Touramanis, R Travaglini, J Trevor, S Trilov, WH Trzaska, Y Tsai, Y Tsai, Z Tsamalaidze, K Tsang, N Tsverava, S Tufanli, C Tull, E Tyley, M Tzanov, L Uboldi, MA Uchida, J Urheim, T Usher, S Uzunyan, MR Vagins, P Vahle, S Valder, GA Valdiviesso, E Valencia, R Valentim, Z Vallari, E Vallazza, JW Valle, S Vallecorsa, R Van Berg, RG Van de Water, D Vanegas Forero, D Vannerom, F Varanini, D Vargas, G Varner, J Vasel, S Vasina, G Vasseur, N Vaughan, K Vaziri, S Ventura, A Verdugo, S Vergani, MA Vermeulen, M Verzocchi, M Vicenzi, H Vieira de Souza, C Vignoli, C Vilela, B Viren, T Vrba, T Wachala, AV Waldron, M Wallbank, C Wallis, H Wang, J Wang, L Wang, MH Wang, X Wang, Y Wang, Y Wang, K Warburton, D Warner, M Wascko, D Waters, A Watson, K Wawrowska, P Weatherly, A Weber, M Weber, H Wei, A Weinstein, D Wenman, M Wetstein, A White, LH Whitehead, D Whittington, MJ Wilking, A Wilkinson, C Wilkinson, Z Williams, F Wilson, RJ Wilson, W Wisniewski, J Wolcott, T Wongjirad, A Wood, K Wood, E Worcester, M Worcester, K Wresilo, C Wret, W Wu, W Wu, Y Xiao, F Xie, B Yaeggy, E Yandel, G Yang, K Yang, T Yang, A Yankelevich, N Yershov, K Yonehara, Y Yoon, T Young, B Yu, H Yu, H Yu, J Yu, Y Yu, W Yuan, R Zaki, J Zalesak, L Zambelli, B Zamorano, A Zani, L Zazueta, G Zeller, J Zennamo, K Zeug, C Zhang, S Zhang, Y Zhang, M Zhao, E Zhivun, G Zhu, ED Zimmerman, S Zucchelli, J Zuklin, V Zutshi, R Zwaska
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Scintillation light detection in the 6-m drift-length ProtoDUNE Dual Phase liquid argon TPC

The European Physical Journal C SpringerOpen 82:7 (2022) 618

Authors:

A Abed Abud, B Abi, R Acciarri, MA Acero, MR Adames, G Adamov, M Adamowski, D Adams, M Adinolfi, A Aduszkiewicz, J Aguilar, Z Ahmad, J Ahmed, B Aimard, B Ali-Mohammadzadeh, T Alion, K Allison, S Alonso Monsalve, M AlRashed, C Alt, A Alton, R Alvarez, P Amedo, J Anderson, C Andreopoulos, F Azfar

Abstract:

DUNE is a dual-site experiment for long-baseline neutrino oscillation studies, neutrino astrophysics and nucleon decay searches. ProtoDUNE Dual Phase (DP) is a 6 x 6 x 6 m3 liquid argon time-projection-chamber (LArTPC) that recorded cosmic-muon data at the CERN Neutrino Platform in 2019-2020 as a prototype of the DUNE Far Detector. Charged particles propagating through the LArTPC produce ionization and scintillation light. The scintillation light signal in these detectors can provide the trigger for non-beam events. In addition, it adds precise timing capabilities and improves the calorimetry measurements. In ProtoDUNE-DP, scintillation and electroluminescence light produced by cosmic muons in the LArTPC is collected by photomultiplier tubes placed up to 7m away from the ionizing track. In this paper, the ProtoDUNE-DP photon detection system performance is evaluated with a particular focus on the different wavelength shifters, such as PEN and TPB, and the use of Xe-doped LAr, considering its future use in giant LArTPCs. The scintillation light production and propagation processes are analyzed and a comparison of simulation to data is performed, improving understanding of the liquid argon properties
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High-precision measurement of the W boson mass with the CDF II detector

Science American Association for the Advancement of Science 376:6589 (2022) 170-176

Authors:

T Aaltonen, S Amerio, D Amidei, A Anastassov, A Annovi, J Antos, G Apollinari, Ja Appel, T Arisawa, A Artikov, J Asaadi, W Ashmanskas, B Auerbach, A Aurisano, F Azfar, W Badgett, T Bae, A Barbaro-Galtieri, Ve Barnes, Ba Barnett, P Barria, P Bartos, M Bauce, F Bedeschi, S Behari, G Bellettini, J Bellinger, D Benjamin, A Beretvas, A Bhatti, Kr Bland, B Blumenfeld, A Bocci, A Bodek, D Bortoletto, J Boudreau, A Boveia, L Brigliadori, C Bromberg, E Brucken, J Budagov, Hs Budd, K Burkett, G Busetto, P Bussey, P Butti, A Buzatu, A Calamba, S Camarda

Abstract:

The mass of the W boson, a mediator of the weak force between elementary particles, is tightly constrained by the symmetries of the standard model of particle physics. The Higgs boson was the last missing component of the model. After observation of the Higgs boson, a measurement of the W boson mass provides a stringent test of the model. We measure the W boson mass, MW, using data corresponding to 8.8 inverse femtobarns of integrated luminosity collected in proton-antiproton collisions at a 1.96 tera-electron volt center-of-mass energy with the CDF II detector at the Fermilab Tevatron collider. A sample of approximately 4 million W boson candidates is used to obtain [Formula: see text], the precision of which exceeds that of all previous measurements combined (stat, statistical uncertainty; syst, systematic uncertainty; MeV, mega-electron volts; c, speed of light in a vacuum). This measurement is in significant tension with the standard model expectation.
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