Bursty star formation feedback and cooling outflows

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Oxford University Press 462:1 (2016) 994-1001

Authors:

Teresita Suarez, Andrew Pontzen, Hiranya V Peiris, Adrianne Slyz, Julien Devriendt

Abstract:

We study how outflows of gas launched from a central galaxy undergoing repeated starbursts propagate through the circumgalactic medium (CGM), using the simulation code RAMSES. We assume that the outflow from the disk can be modelled as a rapidly moving bubble of hot gas at ~ 1 kpc above disk, then ask what happens as it moves out further into the halo around the galaxy on ~ 100 kpc scales. To do this we run 60 two-dimensional simulations scanning over parameters of the outflow. Each of these is repeated with and without radiative cooling, assuming a primordial gas composition to give a lower bound on the importance of cooling. In a large fraction of radiative-cooling cases we are able to form rapidly outflowing cool gas from in situ cooling of the flow. We show that the amount of cool gas formed depends strongly on the ‘burstiness’ of energy injection; sharper, stronger bursts typically lead to a larger fraction of cool gas forming in the outflow. The abundance ratio of ions in the CGM may therefore change in response to the detailed historical pattern of star formation. For instance, outflows generated by star formation with short, intense bursts contain up to 60 per cent of their gas mass at temperatures < 5 X 10^4 K; for near-continuous star formation the figure is ≲ 5 per cent. Further study of cosmological simulations, and of idealised simulations with e.g., metal-cooling, magnetic fields and/or thermal conduction, will help to understand the precise signature of bursty outflows on observed ion abundances.

Galaxy Zoo: Comparing the demographics of spiral arm number and a new method for correcting redshift bias

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Oxford University Press 461:4 (2016) 3663-3682

Authors:

RE Hart, SP Bamford, KW Willett, KL Masters, C Cardamone, Christopher J Lintott, RJ Mackay, RC Nichol, CK Rosslowe, BD Simmons, Rebecca J Smethurst

Abstract:

The majority of galaxies in the local Universe exhibit spiral structure with a variety of forms. Many galaxies possess two prominent spiral arms, some have more, while others display a many-armed flocculent appearance. Spiral arms are associated with enhanced gas content and star formation in the discs of low-redshift galaxies, so are important in the understanding of star formation in the local universe. As both the visual appearance of spiral structure, and the mechanisms responsible for it vary from galaxy to galaxy, a reliable method for defining spiral samples with different visual morphologies is required. In this paper, we develop a new debiasing method to reliably correct for redshift-dependent bias in Galaxy Zoo 2, and release the new set of debiased classifications. Using these, a luminosity-limited sample of ~18 000 Sloan Digital Sky Survey spiral galaxies is defined, which are then further sub-categorized by spiral arm number. In order to explore how different spiral galaxies form, the demographics of spiral galaxies with different spiral arm numbers are compared. It is found that whilst all spiral galaxies occupy similar ranges of stellar mass and environment, many-armed galaxies display much bluer colours than their two-armed counterparts. We conclude that two-armed structure is ubiquitous in star-forming discs, whereas many-armed spiral structure appears to be a short-lived phase, associated with more recent, stochastic star-formation activity.

The Far InfraRed Spectroscopic EXplorer (FIRSPEX)

27th International Symposium on Space Terahertz Technology, ISSTT 2016 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (2016)

Authors:

Dimitra Rigopoulou, Boon K Tan, Ghassan Yassin

Abstract:

The Far InfraRed Spectroscopic EXplorer (FIRSPEX) is a novel concept for an astronomy satellite mission that will revolutionise our understanding of the properties of the Interstellar Medium (ISM) and star formation through velocity resolved spectroscopic observations at multi-terahertz frequencies. FIRSPEX comprises a fully cryogenic (~4K) heterodyne payload and a ~1.2 m primary antenna to scan the sky in a number of discreet spectroscopic channels delivering 3- dimensional spectral information. The spectral range selected contains important molecular, atomic and ionic species; the majority of which cannot be observed from the ground. FIRSPEX is UK led with additional contributions from partners throughout Europe. FIRSPEX opens up a relatively unexplored parameter space that will produce an enormously significant scientific legacy by focusing on the properties of the multi-phase ISM, the assembly of molecular clouds in our Galaxy and the onset of star formation topics which are fundamental to our understanding of galaxy evolution.

The galaxy-halo connection in the VIDEO survey at 0.5 < z < 1.7

MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY 459:3 (2016) 2618-2631

Authors:

PW Hatfield, SN Lindsay, MJ Jarvis, B Haussler, M Vaccari, A Verma

SUPPLEMENT: "LOCALIZATION AND BROADBAND FOLLOW-UP OF THE GRAVITATIONAL-WAVE TRANSIENT GW150914" (2016, ApJL, 826, L13)

ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES 225:1 (2016) ARTN 8

Authors:

BP Abbott, R Abbott, TD Abbott, MR Abernathy, F Acernese, K Ackley, C Adams, T Adams, P Addesso, RX Adhikari, VB Adya, C Affeldt, M Agathos, K Agatsuma, N Aggarwal, OD Aguiar, L Aiello, A Ain, P Ajith, B Allen, A Allocca, PA Altin, SB Anderson, WG Anderson, K Arai, MC Araya, CC Arceneaux, JS Areeda, N Arnaud, KG Arun, S Ascenzi, G Ashton, M Ast, SM Aston, P Astone, P Aufmuth, C Aulbert, S Babak, P Bacon, MKM Bader, PT Baker, F Baldaccini, G Ballardin, SW Ballmer, JC Barayoga, SE Barclay, BC Barish, D Barker, F Barone, B Barr, L Barsotti, M Barsuglia, D Barta, S Barthelmy, J Bartlett, I Bartos, R Bassiri, A Basti, JC Batch, C Baune, V Bavigadda, M Bazzan, B Behnke, M Bejger, AS Bell, CJ Bell, BK Berger, J Bergman, G Bergmann, CPL Berry, D Bersanetti, A Bertolini, J Betzwieser, S Bhagwat, R Bhandare, IA Bilenko, G Billingsley, J Birch, R Birney, S Biscans, A Bisht, M Bitossi, C Biwer, MA Bizouard, JK Blackburn, CD Blair, DG Blair, RM Blair, S Bloemen, O Bock, TP Bodiya, M Boer, G Bogaert, C Bogan, A Bohe, P Bojtos, C Bond, F Bondu, R Bonnand, BA Boom, R Bork, V Boschi, S Bose, Y Bouffanais, A Bozzi, C Bradaschia, PR Brady, VB Braginsky, M Branchesi, JE Brau, T Briant, A Brillet, M Brinkmann, V Brisson, P Brockill, AF Brooks, DA Brown, DD Brown, NM Brown, CC Buchanan, A Buikema, T Bulik, HJ Bulten, A Buonanno, D Buskulic, C Buy, RL Byer, L Cadonati, G Cagnoli, C Cahillane, JC Bustillo, T Callister, E Calloni, JB Camp, KC Cannon, J Cao, CD Capano, E Capocasa, F Carbognani, S Caride, JC Diaz, C Casentini, S Caudill, M Cavaglia, F Cavalier, R Cavalieri, G Cella, CB Cepeda, LC Baiardi, G Cerretani, E Cesarini, R Chakraborty, T Chalermsongsak, SJ Chamberlin, M Chan, S Chao, P Charlton, E Chassande-Mottin, HY Chen, Y Chen, C Cheng, A Chincarini, A Chiummo, HS Cho, M Cho, JH Chow, N Christensen, Q Chu, S Chua, S Chung, G Ciani, F Clara, JA Clark, F Cleva, E Coccia, P-F Cohadon, A Colla, CG Collette, L Cominsky, CM Jr, A Conte, L Conti, D Cook, TR Corbitt, N Cornish, A Corsi, S Cortese, CA Costa, MW Coughlin, SB Coughlin, J-P Coulon, ST Countryman, P Couvares, EE Cowan, DM Coward, MJ Cowart, DC Coyne, R Coyne, K Craig, JDE Creighton, J Cripe, SG Crowder, A Cumming, L Cunningham, E Cuoco, T Dal Canton, SL Danilishin, S D'Antonio, K Danzmann, NS Darman, V Dattilo, I Dave, HP Daveloza, M Davier, GS Davies, EJ Daw, R Day, D DeBra, G Debreczeni, J Degallaix, M De Laurentis, S Deleglise, W Del Pozzo, T Denker, T Dent, H Dereli, V Dergachev, RT DeRosa, R De Rosa, R DeSalvo, S Dhurandhar, MC Diaz, L Di Fiore, M Di Giovanni, A Di Lieto, S Di Pace, I Di Palma, A Di Virgilio, G Dojcinoski, V Dolique, F Donovan, KL Dooley, S Doravari, R Douglas, TP Downes, M Drago, RWP Drever, JC Driggers, Z Du, M Ducrot, SE Dwyer, TB Edo, MC Edwards, A Effler, H-B Eggenstein, P Ehrens, J Eichholz, SS Eikenberry, W Engels, RC Essick, T Etzel, M Evans, TM Evans, R Everett, M Factourovich, V Fafone, H Fair, S Fairhurst, X Fan, Q Fang, S Farinon, B Farr, WM Farr, M Favata, M Fays, H Fehrmann, MM Fejer, I Ferrante, EC Ferreira, F Ferrini, F Fidecaro, I Fiori, D Fiorucci, RP Fisher, R Flaminio, M Fletcher, J-D Fournier, S Franco, S Frasca, F Frasconi, Z Frei, A Freise, R Frey, V Frey, TT Fricke, P Fritschel, VV Frolov, P Fulda, M Fyffe, HAG Gabbard, JR Gair, L Gammaitoni, SG Gaonkar, F Garufi, A Gatto, G Gaur, N Gehrels, G Gemme, B Gendre, E Genin, A Gennai, J George, L Gergely, V Germain, A Ghosh, S Ghosh, JA Giaime, KD Giardina, A Giazotto, K Gill, A Glaefke, E Goetz, R Goetz, L Gondan, G Gonzalez, JMG Castro, A Gopakumar, NA Gordon, ML Gorodetsky, SE Gossan, M Gosselin, R Gouaty, C Graef, PB Graff, M Granata, A Grant, S Gras, C Gray, G Greco, AC Green, P Groot, H Grote, S Grunewald, GM Guidi, X Guo, A Gupta, MK Gupta, KE Gushwa, EK Gustafson, R Gustafson, JJ Hacker, BR Hall, ED Hall, G Hammond, M Haney, MM Hanke, J Hanks, C Hanna, MD Hannam, J Hanson, T Hardwick, K Haris, J Harms, GM Harry, IW Harry, MJ Hart, MT Hartman, C-J Haster, K Haughian, A Heidmann, MC Heintze, H Heitmann, P Hello, G Hemming, M Hendry, IS Heng, J Hennig, AW Heptonstall, M Heurs, S Hild, D Hoak, KA Hodge, D Hofman, SE Hollitt, K Holt, DE Holz, P Hopkins, DJ Hosken, J Hough, EA Houston, EJ Howell, YM Hu, S Huang, EA Huerta, D Huet, B Hughey, S Husa, SH Huttner, T Huynh-Dinh, A Idrisy, N Indik, DR Ingram, R Inta, HN Isa, J-M Isac, M Isi, G Islas, T Isogai, BR Iyer, K Izumi, T Jacqmin, H Jang, K Jani, P Jaranowski, S Jawahar, F Jimenez-Forteza, WW Johnson, DI Jones, R Jones, RJG Jonker, L Ju, CV Kalaghatgi, V Kalogera, S Kandhasamy, G Kang, JB Kanner, S Karki, M Kasprzack, E Katsavounidis, W Katzman, S Kaufer, T Kaur, K Kawabe, F Kawazoe, F Kefelian, MS Kehl, D Keitel, DB Kelley, W Kells, R Kennedy, JS Key, A Khalaidovski, FY Khalili, I Khan, S Khan, Z Khan, EA Khazanov, N Kijbunchoo, C Kim, J Kim, K Kim, N Kim, N Kim, Y-M Kim, EJ King, PJ King, DL Kinzel, JS Kissel, L Kleybolte, S Klimenko, SM Koehlenbeck, K Kokeyama, S Koley, V Kondrashov, A Kontos, M Korobko, WZ Korth, I Kowalska, DB Kozak, V Kringel, A Krolak, C Krueger, G Kuehn, P Kumar, L Kuo, A Kutynia, BD Lackey, M Landry, J Lange, B Lantz, PD Lasky, A Lazzarini, C Lazzaro, P Leaci, S Leavey, EO Lebigot, CH Lee, HK Lee, HM Lee, K Lee, A Lenon, M Leonardi, JR Leong, N Leroy, N Letendre, Y Levin, BM Levine, TGF Li, A Libson, TB Littenberg, NA Lockerbie, J Logue, AL Lombardi, JE Lord, M Lorenzini, V Loriette, M Lormand, G Losurdo, JD Lough, H Lueck, P Lundgren, J Luo, R Lynch, Y Ma, T MacDonald, B Machenschalk, M MacInnis, DM Macleod, F Magana-Sandoval, RM Magee, M Mageswaran, E Majorana, I Maksimovic, V Malvezzi, N Man, I Mandel, V Mandic, V Mangano, GL Mansell, M Manske, M Mantovani, F Marchesoni, F Marion, S Marka, Z Marka, AS Markosyan, E Maros, F Martelli, L Martellini, IW Martin, RM Martin, DV Martynov, JN Marx, K Mason, A Masserot, TJ Massinger, M Masso-Reid, F Matichard, L Matone, N Mavalvala, N Mazumder, G Mazzolo, R McCarthy, DE McClelland, S McCormick, SC McGuire, G McIntyre, J McIver, DJ McManus, ST McWilliams, D Meacher, GD Meadors, J Meidam, A Melatos, G Mendell, D Mendoza-Gandara, RA Mercer, E Merilh, M Merzougui, S Meshkov, C Messenger, C Messick, PM Meyers, F Mezzani, H Miao, C Michel, H Middleton, EE Mikhailov, L Milano, J Miller, M Millhouse, Y Minenkov, J Ming, S Mirshekari, C Mishra, S Mitra, VP Mitrofanov, G Mitselmakher, R Mittleman, A Moggi, M Mohan, SRP Mohapatra, M Montani, BC Moore, CJ Moore, D Moraru, G Moreno, SR Morriss, K Mossavi, B Mours, CM Mow-Lowry, CL Mueller, G Mueller, AW Muir, A Mukherjee, D Mukherjee, S Mukherjee, N Mukund, A Mullavey, J Munch, DJ Murphy, PG Murray, A Mytidis, I Nardecchia, L Naticchioni, RK Nayak, V Necula, K Nedkova, G Nelemans, M Neri, A Neunzert, G Newton, TT Nguyen, AB Nielsen, S Nissanke, A Nitz, F Nocera, D Nolting, MEN Normandin, LK Nuttall, J Oberling, E Ochsner, J O'Dell, E Oelker, GH Ogin, JJ Oh, SH Oh, F Ohme, M Oliver, P Oppermann, RJ Oram, B O'Reilly, R O'Shaughnessy, DJ Ottaway, RS Ottens, H Overmier, BJ Owen, A Pai, SA Pai, JR Palamos, O Palashov, N Palliyaguru, C Palomba, A Pal-Singh, H Pan, C Pankow, F Pannarale, BC Pant, F Paoletti, A Paoli, MA Papa, HR Paris, W Parker, D Pascucci, A Pasqualetti, R Passaquieti, D Passuello, B Patricelli, Z Patrick, BL Pearlstone, M Pedraza, R Pedurand, L Pekowsky, A Pele, S Penn, A Perreca, M Phelps, O Piccinni, M Pichot, F Piergiovanni, V Pierro, G Pillant, L Pinard, IM Pinto, M Pitkin, R Poggiani, P Popolizio, A Post, J Powell, J Prasad, V Predoi, SS Premachandra, T Prestegard, LR Price, M Prijatelj, M Principe, S Privitera, GA Prodi, L Prokhorov, O Puncken, M Punturo, P Puppo, M Puerrer, H Qi, J Qin, V Quetschke, EA Quintero, R Quitzow-James, FJ Raab, DS Rabeling, H Radkins, P Raffai, S Raja, M Rakhmanov, P Rapagnani, V Raymond, M Razzano, V Re, J Read, CM Reed, T Regimbau, L Rei, S Reid, DH Reitze, H Rew, SD Reyes, F Ricci, K Riles, NA Robertson, R Robie, F Robinet, A Rocchi, L Rolland, JG Rollins, VJ Roma, R Romano, G Romanov, JH Romie, D Rosinska, S Rowan, A Ruediger, P Ruggi, K Ryan, S Sachdev, T Sadecki, L Sadeghian, L Salconi, M Saleem, F Salemi, A Samajdar, L Sammut, EJ Sanchez, V Sandberg, B Sandeen, JR Sanders, B Sassolas, BS Sathyaprakash, PR Saulson, O Sauter, RL Savage, A Sawadsky, P Schale, R Schilling, J Schmidt, P Schmidt, R Schnabel, RMS Schofield, A Schoenbeck, E Schreiber, D Schuette, BF Schutz, J Scott, SM Scott, D Sellers, D Sentenac, V Sequino, A Sergeev, G Serna, Y Setyawati, A Sevigny, DA Shaddock, S Shah, MS Shahriar, M Shaltev, Z Shao, B Shapiro, P Shawhan, A Sheperd, DH Shoemaker, DM Shoemaker, K Siellez, X Siemens, D Sigg, AD Silva, D Simakov, A Singer, A Singh, R Singh, A Singhal, AM Sintes, BJJ Slagmolen, JR Smith, ND Smith, RJE Smith, EJ Son, B Sorazu, F Sorrentino, T Souradeep, AK Srivastava, A Staley, M Steinke, J Steinlechner, S Steinlechner, D Steinmeyer, BC Stephens, R Stone, KA Strain, N Straniero, G Stratta, NA Strauss, S Strigin, R Sturani, AL Stuver, TZ Summerscales, L Sun, PJ Sutton, BL Swinkels, MJ SzczepaNczyk, M Tacca, D Talukder, DB Tanner, M Tpai, SP Tarabrin, A Taracchini, R Taylor, T Theeg, P Thirugnanasambandam, EG Thomas, M Thomas, P Thomas, KA Thorne, KS Thorne, E Thrane, S Tiwari, V Tiwari, KV Tokmakov, C Tomlinson, M Tonelli, CV Torres, CI Torrie, D Tyr, F Travasso, G Traylor, D Trifiro, MC Tringali, L Trozzo, M Tse, M Turconi, D Tuyenbayev, D Ugolini, CS Unnikrishnan, AL Urban, SA Usman, H Vahlbruch, G Vajente, G Valdes, N van Bakel, M van Beuzekom, JFJ van den Brand, C Van den Broeck, DC Vander-Hyde, L van der Schaaf, JV van Heijningen, AA van Veggel, M Vardaro, S Vass, M Vasuth, R Vaulin, A Vecchio, G Vedovato, J Veitch, PJ Veitch, K Venkateswara, D Verkindt, F Vetrano, A Vicere, S Vinciguerra, DJ Vine, J-Y Vinet, S Vitale, T Vo, H Vocca, C Vorvick, D Voss, WD Vousden, SP Vyatchanin, AR Wade, LE Wade, M Wade, M Walker, L Wallace, S Walsh, G Wang, H Wang, M Wang, X Wang, Y Wang, RL Ward, J Warner, M Was, B Weaver, L-W Wei, M Weinert, AJ Weinstein, R Weiss, T Welborn, L Wen, P Wessels, T Westphal, K Wette, JT Whelan, DJ White, BF Whiting, RD Williams, AR Williamson, JL Willis, B Willke, MH Wimmer, W Winkler, CC Wipf, H Wittel, G Woan, J Worden, JL Wright, G Wu, J Yablon, W Yam, H Yamamoto, CC Yancey, MJ Yap, H Yu, M Yvert, A Zadrozny, L Zangrando, M Zanolin, J-P Zendri, M Zevin, F Zhang, L Zhang, M Zhang, Y Zhang, C Zhao, M Zhou, Z Zhou, XJ Zhu, ME Zucker, SE Zuraw, J Zweizig, J Allison, K Bannister, ME Bell, S Chatterjee, AP Chippendale, PG Edwards, L Harvey-Smith, I Heywood, A Hotan, B Indermuehle, J Marvil, D McConnell, T Murphy, A Popping, J Reynolds, RJ Sault, MA Voronkov, MT Whiting, AJ Castro-Tirado, R Cunniffe, M Jelinek, JC Tello, SR Oates, Y-D Hu, P Kubanek, S Guziy, A Castellon, A Garcia-Cerezo, VF Munoz, C Perez del Pulgar, S Castillo-Carrion, JM Castro Ceron, R Hudec, MD Caballero-Garcia, P Pata, S Vitek, JA Adame, S Konig, F Rendon, TDJ Mateo Sanguino, R Fernandez-Munoz, PC Yock, N Rattenbury, WH Allen, R Querel, S Jeong, IH Park, J Bai, C Cui, Y Fan, C Wang, D Hiriart, WH Lee, A Claret, R Sanchez-Ramirez, SB Pandey, T Mediavilla, L Sabau-Graziati, TMC Abbott, FB Abdalla, S Allam, J Annis, R Armstrong, A Benoit-Levy, E Berger, RA Bernstein, E Bertin, D Brout, E Buckley-Geer, DL Burke, D Capozzi, J Carretero, FJ Castander, R Chornock, PS Cowperthwaite, M Crocce, CE Cunha, CB D'Andrea, LN da Costa, S Desai, HT Diehl, JP Dietrich, Z Doctor, A Drlica-Wagner, MR Drout, TF Eifler, J Estrada, AE Evrard, E Fernandez, DA Finley, B Flaugher, RJ Foley, W-F Fong, P Fosalba, DB Fox, J Frieman, CL Fryer, E Gaztanaga, DW Gerdes, DA Goldstein, D Gruen, RA Gruendl, G Gutierrez, K Herner, K Honscheid, DJ James, MD Johnson, MWG Johnson, I Karliner, D Kasen, S Kent, R Kessler, AG Kim, MC Kind, K Kuehn, N Kuropatkin, O Lahav, TS Li, M Lima, H Lin, MAG Maia, R Margutti, J Marriner, P Martini, T Matheson, P Melchior, BD Metzger, CJ Miller, R Miquel, E Neilsen, RC Nichol, B Nord, P Nugent, R Ogando, D Petravick, AA Plazas, E Quataert, N Roe, AK Romer, A Roodman, AC Rosell, ES Rykoff, M Sako, E Sanchez, V Scarpine, R Schindler, M Schubnell, D Scolnic, I Sevilla-Noarbe, E Sheldon, N Smith, RC Smith, M Soares-Santos, F Sobreira, A Stebbins, E Suchyta, MEC Swanson, G Tarle, J Thaler, D Thomas, RC Thomas, DL Tucker, V Vikram, AR Walker, RH Wechsler, W Wester, B Yanny, Y Zhang, J Zuntz, V Connaughton, E Burns, A Goldstein, MS Briggs, B-B Zhang, CM Hui, P Jenke, CA Wilson-Hodge, PN Bhat, E Bissaldi, W Cleveland, G Fitzpatrick, MM Giles, MH Gibby, J Greiner, A von Kienlin, RM Kippen, S McBreen, B Mailyan, CA Meegan, WS Paciesas, RD Preece, O Roberts, L Sparke, M Stanbro, K Toelge, P Veres, H-F Yu, L Blackburn, M Ackermann, M Ajello, A Albert, B Anderson, WB Atwood, M Axelsson, L Baldini, G Barbiellini, D Bastieri, R Bellazzini, E Bissaldi, RD Blandford, ED Bloom, R Bonino, E Bottacini, TJ Brandt, P Bruel, S Buson, GA Caliandro, RA Cameron, M Caragiulo, PA Caraveo, E Cavazzuti, E Charles, A Chekhtman, J Chiang, G Chiaro, S Ciprini, J Cohen-Tanugi, LR Cominsky, F Costanza, A Cuoco, F D'Ammando, F de Palma, R Desiante, SW Digel, N Di Lalla, M Di Mauro, L Di Venere, A Dominguez, PS Drell, R Dubois, C Favuzzi, EC Ferrara, A Franckowiak, Y Fukazawa, S Funk, P Fusco, F Gargano, D Gasparrini, N Giglietto, P Giommi, F Giordano, M Giroletti, T Glanzman, G Godfrey, GA Gomez-Vargas, D Green, IA Grenier, JE Grove, S Guiriec, D Hadasch, AK Harding, E Hays, JW Hewitt, AB Hill, D Horan, T Jogler, G Johannesson, AS Johnson, S Kensei, D Kocevski, M Kuss, G La Mura, S Larsson, L Latronico, J Li, L Li, F Longo, F Loparco, MN Lovellette, P Lubrano, J Magill, S Maldera, A Manfreda, M Marelli, M Mayer, MN Mazziotta, JE McEnery, M Meyer, PF Michelson, N Mirabal, T Mizuno, AA Moiseev, ME Monzani, E Moretti, A Morselli, IV Moskalenko, M Negro, E Nuss, T Ohsugi, N Omodei, M Orienti, E Orlando, JF Ormes, D Paneque, JS Perkins, M Pesce-Rollins, F Piron, G Pivato, TA Porter, JL Racusin, S Raino, R Rando, S Razzaque, A Reimer, O Reimer, D Salvetti, PMS Parkinson, C Sgro, D Simone, EJ Siskind, F Spada, G Spandre, P Spinelli, DJ Suson, H Tajima, JB Thayer, DJ Thompson, L Tibaldo, DF Torres, E Troja, Y Uchiyama, TM Venters, G Vianello, KS Wood, M Wood, S Zhu, S Zimmer, E Brocato, E Cappellaro, S Covino, A Grado, L Nicastro, E Palazzi, E Pian, L Amati, LA Antonelli, M Capaccioli, P D'Avanzo, V D'Elia, F Getman, G Giuffrida, G Iannicola, L Limatola, M Lisi, S Marinoni, P Marrese, A Melandri, S Piranomonte, A Possenti, L Pulone, A Rossi, A Stamerra, L Stella, V Testa, L Tomasella, S Yang, A Bazzano, E Bozzo, S Brandt, TJ-L Courvoisier, C Ferrigno, L Hanlon, E Kuulkers, P Laurent, S Mereghetti, JP Roques, V Savchenko, P Ubertini, MM Kasliwal, LP Singer, Y Cao, G Duggan, SR Kulkarni, V Bhalerao, AA Miller, T Barlow, E Bellm, I Manulis, J Rana, R Laher, F Masci, J Surace, U Rebbapragada, D Cook, A Van Sistine, B Sesar, D Perley, R Ferreti, T Prince, R Kendrick, A Horesh, K Hurley, SV Golenetskii, RL Aptekar, DD Frederiks, DS Svinkin, A Rau, A von Kienlin, X Zhang, DM Smith, T Cline, H Krimm, F Abe, M Doi, K Fujisawa, KS Kawabata, T Morokuma, K Motohara, M Tanaka, K Ohta, K Yanagisawa, M Yoshida, C Baltay, D Rabinowitz, N Ellman, S Rostami, DF Bersier, MF Bode, CA Collins, CM Copperwheat, MJ Darnley, DK Galloway, A Gomboc, S Kobayashi, P Mazzali, CG Mundell, AS Piascik, D Pollacco, IA Steele, K Ulaczyk, JW Broderick, RP Fender, PG Jonker, A Rowlinson, BW Stappers, RAMJ Wijers, V Lipunov, E Gorbovskoy, N Tyurina, V Kornilov, P Balanutsa, A Kuznetsov, D Buckley, R Rebolo, M Serra-Ricart, G Israelian, NM Budnev, O Gress, K Ivanov, V Poleshuk, A Tlatov, V Yurkov, N Kawai, M Serino, H Negoro, S Nakahira, T Mihara, H Tomida, S Ueno, H Tsunemi, M Matsuoka, S Croft, L Feng, TMO Franzen, BM Gaensler, M Johnston-Hollitt, DL Kaplan, MF Morales, SJ Tingay, RB Wayth, A Williams, SJ Smartt, KC Chambers, KW Smith, ME Huber, DR Young, DE Wright, A Schultz, L Denneau, H Flewelling, EA Magnier, N Primak, A Rest, A Sherstyuk, B Stalder, CW Stubbs, J Tonry, C Waters, M Willman, F Olivares E, H Campbell, R Kotak, J Sollerman, M Smith, M Dennefeld, JP Anderson, MT Botticella, T-W Chen, MD Valle, N Elias-Rosa, M Fraser, C Inserra, E Kankare, T Kupfer, J Harmanen, L Galbany, L Le Guillou, JD Lyman, K Maguire, A Mitra, M Nicholl, A Razza, G Terreran, S Valenti, A Gal-Yam, A Cwiek, M Cwiok, L Mankiewicz, R Opiela, M Zaremba, AF Zarnecki, CA Onken, RA Scalzo, BP Schmidt, C Wolf, F Yuan, PA Evans, JA Kennea, DN Burrows, S Campana, SB Cenko, P Giommi, FE Marshall, J Nousek, P O'Brien, JP Osborne, D Palmer, M Perri, M Siegel, G Tagliaferri, A Klotz, D Turpin, R Laugier, M Beroiz, T Penuela, LM Macri, RJ Oelkers, DG Lambas, R Vrech, J Cabral, C Colazo, M Dominguez, B Sanchez, S Gurovich, M Lares, JL Marshall, DL Depoy, N Padilla, NA Pereyra, M Benacquista, NR Tanvir, K Wiersema, AJ Levan, D Steeghs, J Hjorth, JPU Fynbo, D Malesani, B Milvang-Jensen, D Watson, M Irwin, CG Fernandez, RG McMahon, M Banerji, E Gonzalez-Solares, S Schulze, ADU Postigo, CC Thoene, Z Cano, S Rosswog, LIGOSCV Colla, ASKAP Collaboration, BOOTES Collaboration, DES Collaboration, DECGW-EM Collabor, FGBM Collaboration, FERMILAT Collaboration, GWIT GRAWI, INTEGRAL Collaboration, IPTF Collaboration, I Network, J-GEM Collaboration, LAS-Q Survey, LT Collaboration, LFALOFAR Collabo, MASTER Collaboration, MAXI Collaboration, MWA Collaboration, P-S Collaboration, PESSTO Collaboration, PS Collaboration, S Collaboration, S Collaboration, ZANOC Tarot, TOROS Collaboration, VISTA Collaboration