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Hypotheses for Triton's Plumes: New Analyses and Future Remote Sensing Tests

(2021)

Authors:

Jason D Hofgartner, Samuel PD Birch, Julie Castillo, Will M Grundy, Candice J Hansen, Alexander G Hayes, Carly JA Howett, Terry A Hurford, Emily S Martin, Karl L Mitchell, Tom A Nordheim, Michael J Poston, Louise M Prockter, Lynnae C Quick, Paul Schenk, Rebecca N Schindhelm, Orkan M Umurhan
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Questions to Heaven: InSight’s attempted detection of Zhurong landing on Mars

Astronomy and Geophysics

Authors:

Benjamin Fernando et al

Abstract:

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Resonances of the InSight Seismometer on Mars

Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America Seismological Society of America (SSA) 111:6 (2021) 2951-2963

Authors:

Kenneth Hurst, Lucile Fayon, Brigitte Knapmeyer-Endrun, Cedric Schmelzbach, Martin van Driel, Joan Ervin, Sharon Kedar, William T Pike, Simon Calcutt, Tristram Warren, Constantino Charalambous, Alexander Stott, Marco Bierwirth, Philippe Lognonne, Sebastien de Raucourt, Taoufik Gabsi, Tanguy Nebut, Oliver Robert, Sylvain Tillier, Savas Ceylan, Maren Böse, John Clinton, Domenico Giardini, Anna Horleston, Taichi Kawamura, Amir Khan, Guenole Orhand-Mainsant, John-Robert Scholz, Simon Stähler, Jennifer Stevanovic, William B Banerdt
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The Site Tilt and Lander Transfer Function from the Short-Period Seismometer of InSight on Mars

Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America Seismological Society of America (SSA) 111:6 (2021) 2889-2908

Authors:

Alexander E Stott, Constantinos Charalambous, Tristram J Warren, William T Pike, Robert Myhill, Naomi Murdoch, John B McClean, Ashitey Trebi-Ollennu, Grace Lim, Raphael F Garcia, David Mimoun, Sharon Kedar, Kenneth J Hurst, Marco Bierwirth, Philippe Lognonné, Nicholas A Teanby, Anna Horleston, William B Banerdt
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Inferring shallow surfaces on sub-neptune exoplanets with JWST

The Astrophysical Journal Letters IOP Publishing 922:2 (2021) L27

Authors:

Shang-Min Tsai, Hamish Innes, Tim Lichtenberg, Jake Taylor, Matej Malik, Katy Chubb, Raymond Pierrehumbert

Abstract:

Planets smaller than Neptune and larger than Earth make up the majority of the discovered exoplanets. Those with H2-rich atmospheres are prime targets for atmospheric characterization. The transition between the two main classes, super-Earths and sub-Neptunes, is not clearly understood as the rocky surface is likely not accessible to observations. Tracking several trace gases (specifically the loss of ammonia (NH3) and hydrogen cyanide (HCN)) has been proposed as a proxy for the presence of a shallow surface. In this work, we revisit the proposed mechanism of nitrogen conversion in detail and find its timescale on the order of a million years. NH3 exhibits dual paths converting to N2 or HCN, depending on the UV radiation of the star and the stage of the system. In addition, methanol (CH3OH) is identified as a robust and complementary proxy for a shallow surface. We follow the fiducial example of K2-18b with a 2D photochemical model on an equatorial plane. We find a fairly uniform composition distribution below 0.1 mbar controlled by the dayside, as a result of slow chemical evolution. NH3 and CH3OH are concluded to be the most unambiguous proxies to infer surfaces on sub-Neptunes in the era of the James Webb Space Telescope.
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