ATLAS

Abstract:

Recent studies have highlighted the potential of jet substructure techniques to identify the hadronic decays of boosted heavy particles. These studies all rely upon the assumption that the internal substructure of jets generated by QCD radiation is well understood. In this article, this assumption is tested on an inclusive sample of jets recorded with the ATLAS detector in 2010, which corresponds to 35 pb^-1 of pp collisions delivered by the LHC at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV. In a subsample of events with single pp collisions, measurementes corrected for detector efficiency and resolution are presented with full systematic uncertainties. Jet invariant mass, kt splitting scales and n-subjettiness variables are presented for anti-kt R = 1.0 jets and Cambridge-Aachen R = 1.2 jets. Jet invariant-mass spectra for Cambridge-Aachen R = 1.2 jets after a splitting and filtering procedure are also presented. Leading-order parton-shower Monte Carlo predictions for these variables are found to be broadly in agreement with data. The dependence of mean jet mass on additional pp interactions is also explored.

Abstract:

Abstract:

The cryoEDM experiment at the Institut Laue-Langevin in Grenoble will measure the electric dipole moment (EDM) of the neutron with unparalleled precision. A neutron EDM arises due to CP violation. The cryoEDM experiment is sensitive to levels of CP violation predicted by many “beyond the standard model” theories and the result will therefore constrain or support these theories. The current limit to the neutron EDM stands at d_n<2.9x 10^-26 e cm as measured with a room temperature experiment. By operating in superfluid helium below 0.9 K and collecting high densities of ultra cold neutrons, the cryoEDM experiment will improve on the existing limit or measure an EDM. High precision magnetometry is essential to reduce the systematic errors in the cryoEDM experiment originating from changes in the magnetic environment. We present the cryoEDM apparatus and technologies.

Abstract:

The question of the nature of the universe at its most fundamental level is one which has been with humankind since ancient times. The development of the theoretical basis of the Standard Model of elementary particles during the 20th century, and its subsequent experimental validation, is a triumph of modern physics. However, the Standard Model is known to be incomplete, and, in the Large Hadron Collider era at the high-energy and high-intensity frontier, our understanding and modelling of the Standard Model has increasingly become limiting for searches for physics beyond it. In this thesis, a measurement performed using 36.2 fb−1 of integrated luminosity recorded by the ATLAS experiment during Large Hadron Collider Run 2 of a crucial benchmark process for Standard Model modelling is presented; W boson production in association with jets. This is the first such measurement in the W → μν decay channel at √s =13 TeV. Differential cross-sections, in observables sensitive to the modelling of quantum chromodynamics, are presented for both charge-independent and charge-separated W production, and compared to two cutting-edge calculations evolved to next-to-next-to-leading order in quantum chromodynamics. In addition, this process strongly constrains fits of the Parton Distribution Functions of the proton; an analysis of the structure of the proton using several previous ATLAS measurements, including W boson production in association with jets at √s=8 TeV, will also be presented.