The vector-apodizing phase plate coronagraph: design, current performance, and future development
Application of an evidence-based, out-patient treatment strategy for COVID-19: Multidisciplinary medical practice principles to prevent severe disease
Abstract:
The COVID-19 pandemic has devastated individuals, families, and institutions throughout the world. Despite the breakneck speed of vaccine development, the human population remains at risk of further devastation. The decision to not become vaccinated, the protracted rollout of available vaccine, vaccine failure, mutational forms of the SARS virus, which may exhibit mounting resistance to our molecular strike at only one form of the viral family, and the rapid ability of the virus(es) to hitch a ride on our global transportation systems, means that we are will likely continue to confront an invisible, yet devastating foe. The enemy targets one of our human physiology’s most important and vulnerable life-preserving body tissues, our broncho-alveolar gas exchange apparatus.Notwithstanding the fear and the fury of this microbe's potential to raise existential questions across the entire spectrum of human endeavor, the application of an early treatment intervention initiative may represent a crucial tool in our defensive strategy. This strategy is driven by evidence-based medical practice principles, those not likely to become antiquated, given the molecular diversity and mutational evolution of this very clever “world traveler”.
Integral field spectroscopy of luminous infrared main-sequence galaxies at cosmic noon
The Mega-MUSCLES spectral energy distribution of TRAPPIST-1
Abstract:
We present a 5 Å–100 μm spectral energy distribution (SED) of the ultracool dwarf star TRAPPIST-1, obtained as part of the Mega-MUSCLES Treasury Survey. The SED combines ultraviolet and blue-optical spectroscopy obtained with the Hubble Space Telescope, X-ray spectroscopy obtained with XMM-Newton, and models of the stellar photosphere, chromosphere, transition region, and corona. A new differential emission measure model of the unobserved extreme-ultraviolet spectrum is provided, improving on the Lyα–EUV relations often used to estimate the 100–911 Å flux from low-mass stars. We describe the observations and models used, as well as the recipe for combining them into an SED. We also provide a semiempirical, noise-free model of the stellar ultraviolet spectrum based on our observations for use in atmospheric modeling of the TRAPPIST-1 planets.