Muons and magnets

Abstract:

Positive muons can be implanted into organic and molecular magnets in order to study their internal magnetic field distribution and any associated dynamics. The muon behaves essentially as a "microscopic magnetometer", sensitive to local magnetic order and magnetic fluctuations. We describe some recent experiments using this technique which were performed on a variety of organic systems, including nitronyl nitroxide magnets and materials with spin-Peierls ground states, MF-M(TCNQ)(2) and DEM(TCNQ)(2), and demonstrate how the technique can give information concerning their ground states.

Abstract:

We report a study of the magnetic and electrical properties of the ferromagnetic insulator La1.5Sr0.5MnRhO6. A significant magnetoresistance is found in this system which is largest at the Curie temperature (Tc) even though there is no metal-insulator transition. The electrical transport is found to be activated above Tc and described by a variable range hopping law below Tc. Above Tc the carriers are magnetic polarons with a size which increases as the temperature approaches the magnetic transition. Rh substitution preserves ferromagnetic ordering, in contrast with the effect of other dopants on the B sites, but modifies the electrostatic potential leading to carrier localization. We attribute the peak in the magnetoresistance at Tc to the field-induced suppression of critical spin fluctuations which modulate the energetic barriers seen by the carriers.

Abstract:

The magnetic and conducting properties of many transition metal oxides may be drastically altered by doping. This study concerns a family of compounds with compositions intermediate between the itinerant helical antiferromagnet SrFeO3 and the ferromagnetic metal SrCoO3. We have measured the temperature-dependent muon-spin relaxation in five compounds in the family SrFe1-xCoxO3 where Co substitution varies from x = 0 to 0.2 and investigated the relation between the relaxation rate and the magnetic susceptibility above the ordering temperature. These materials show large magnetoresistance which may be associated with the presence of competing interactions and non-equilibrium behaviour due to cluster formation. We find a quasistatic local field at the muon site below the magnetic transition temperature indicative of magnetic order in samples with x = 0.15 and 0.2 but not in the sample with x = 0. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

Abstract:

Muon-spin rotation (mu SR) measurements have been used to study the superconducting vortex properties of the organic superconductors kappa-(BEDT-TTTF)(2) Cu(SCN)(2), alpha-(BEDT-TTF)(2) NH4Hg(SCN)(4) and beta-(BEDT-TTF)(2)IBr2. These materials all have highly anisotropic structures consisting of metallic layers of BEDT-TTF molecules alternating with less well conducting anion layers. Varying the anion gives rise to a change in the anisotropy of the superconductivity and also to changes in the superconducting transition temperature. We have used both transverse and longitudinal magnetic fields to study the three-dimensional flux line lattice that is present at low temperatures and fields and to study also the loss of flux lattice order that occurs on increasing the temperature and field. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.