Magnetization and magnetoresistance of Co/GaAs(001) films
Abstract:
We have combined polarised neutron reflection (PNR), X-ray reflection, the extraordinary Hall effect (EHE) and magnetoresistance (MR) in a detailed multi-technique study of the magnetic properties of a 200 Å polycrystalline Co film supported by a GaAs(001) substrate. X-ray reflection and PNR data are found to be well fitted by the same values of layer thickness so providing an additional check on the structural parameters yielded by the fits to the PNR data. Measurements of the reflected neutron polarisation for the same 200 Å Co film are consistent with a layer averaged moment of 1.6μB and a magnetisation profile in which the moment per Co atom reaches 1.7μB in the interior of the film and falls to 0.8μB in a 20 Å thick layer at the GaAs interface. A perpendicular saturation field of 1.39 T is obtained from EHE measurements extended to 20 T on the same sample, from which we estimate a small perpendicular anisotropy field which opposes the demagnetising field. This result indicates that the magnetisation profile is not associated with a large interface anisotropy energy. © 1992.Polarized neutron reflection as a probe of magnetic films and multilayers.
SPIN-POLARIZED NEUTRON REFLECTION STUDIES OF EPITAXIAL-FILMS
Crystal fields and spin dynamics in frustrated quantum materials
Abstract:
This thesis presents studies of the magnetism in a number of frustrated quantum materials including 1D spin chain compounds, 2D honeycomb and triangular lattice materials, as well as 3D pyrochlores and Weyl semimetals. First, it reveals the tunable magnetic frustration in the family of PbM2Ni6Te3O18 spin chain compounds through experimental methods such as µSR and magnetometry, combined with computational simulations including dipolar field calculations and DFT+µ muon site determination. This demonstrates how one can use a suite of techniques to investigate the various aspects of novel frustrated materials.
The main focus of this thesis is to study the spin dynamics and the underlying magnetism in frustrated magnets using the µSR technique. Starting from the fundamental principles of µSR, this thesis provides a brief mathematical treatment of how various magnetic structures and dynamics result in a number of signature muon polarisation asymmetries. Furthermore, through zero-, transverse-, and longitudinal-field µSR experiments, the studies on α-RuI3 and DyTa7O19 illustrate strong evidence for persistent spin dynamics at base temperature and the mode of spin diffusion.Finally, through the analysis of the rare-earth oxides, the thesis outlines how the CEF environments determine the magnetic anisotropy, and together with exchange interactions and crystal geometry, they can lead to the spin dynamics commonly observed in frustrated spin liquid materials. This thesis sets out the differences between the Kramers and non-Kramers rare earth ions and how the magnetic behaviour might change in each scenario as a result of chemical disorder or the injection of muons in µ+SR experiments. Therefore, this thesis provides insight into future developments on how new materials can be designed to strengthen the effect of magnetic frustration.