Oxford Centre for High Energy Density Science (OxCHEDS)

Abstract:

A beam of MeV protons, accelerated by ultraintense laser-pulse interactions with a thin target foil, is used to investigate nuclear reactions of interest for spallation physics. The laser-generated proton beam is shown (protons were measured) to have a broad energy distribution, which closely resembles the expected energy spectrum of evaporative protons (below 50 MeV) produced in GeV-proton-induced spallation reactions. The protons are used to quantify the distribution of residual radioisotopes produced in a representative spallation target (Pb), and the results are compared with calculated predictions based on spectra modeled with nuclear Monte Carlo codes. Laser-plasma particle accelerators are shown to provide data relevant to the design and development of accelerator driven systems. © 2005 The American Physical Society.

Abstract:

Linear-accelerator-based sources will revolutionize ultrafast x-ray science due to their unprecedented brightness and short pulse duration. However, time-resolved studies at the resolution of the x-ray pulse duration are hampered by the inability to precisely synchronize an external laser to the accelerator. At the Sub-Picosecond Pulse Source at the Stanford Linear-Accelerator Center we solved this problem by measuring the arrival time of each high energy electron bunch with electro-optic sampling. This measurement indirectly determined the arrival time of each x-ray pulse relative to an external pump laser pulse with a time resolution of better than 60 fs rms. © 2005 The American Physical Society.

Abstract:

We present calculations of the small-signal gain coefficient, gain length, and output energy of a recombination laser in Ar⁷⁺ driven by optical field ionization. Simulations are presented for both 400 and 800 nm pump radiation, and for two targets containing mixtures of argon and hydrogen: a gas cell, and a gas-filled capillary discharge waveguide. Extremely high values for the small-signal gain coefficient are calculated for the 4s-3p transition at 23.2 nm using a pump wavelength of 400 nm for both the gas cell and waveguide. Operation in the waveguide is predicted to greatly increase the XUV laser output owing to a large increase of the gain length. The calculations also show that use of the waveguide allows significant single-pass gain to be achieved even with pump radiation of 800 nm wavelength. © 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Abstract:

We show that short pulse laser generated Ti Kα radiation can be used effectively as a backlighter for radiographic imaging. This method of x-ray radiography features high temporal and spatial resolution, high signal to noise ratio, and monochromatic imaging. We present here the Ti Kα backlit images of six-beam driven spherical implosions of thin-walled 500-μm Cu-doped deuterated plastic (CD) shells and of similar implosions with an included hollow gold cone. These radiographic results were used to define conditions for the diagnosis of fast ignition relevant electron transport within imploded Cu-doped coned CD shells. © 2005 American Institute of Physics.