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A VUV sub-micron hotspot for photoemission spectroscopy

Vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) lasers have exhibited great potential as the light source for various spectroscopies, which, if they can be focused into a smaller beam spot, will not only allow investigation of mesoscopic materials but also find applications in manufacture of nano-objects with excellent precision. Towards this goal, scientists in China invented a 177 nm VUV laser system that can achieve a record-small (<1 μm) focal spot at a long focal length (~45 mm). This system can be re-equipped for usage in low-cost ARPES and might benefit quantum materials, condensed matter physics and nanophotonics.

Prof Yulin Chen

Professor of Physics

Research theme

  • Quantum materials

Sub department

  • Condensed Matter Physics

Research groups

  • Electronic structures and photoemission spectroscopy
yulin.chen@physics.ox.ac.uk
Clarendon Laboratory, room RM263, Mullard Bldg.
Recent publications
  • About
  • Publications

Pressure-Induced Superconductivity in PdTeI with Quasi-One-Dimensional PdTe Chains

Crystals MDPI 12:12 (2022) 1833

Authors:

Yi Zhao, Jun Hou, Yang Fu, Cuiying Pei, Jianping Sun, Qi Wang, Lingling Gao, Weizheng Cao, Changhua Li, Shihao Zhu, Mingxin Zhang, Yulin Chen, Hechang Lei, Jinguang Cheng, Yanpeng Qi
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Pressure-Tuning Superconductivity in Noncentrosymmetric Topological Materials ZrRuAs

Materials MDPI 15:21 (2022) 7694

Authors:

Changhua Li, Yunlong Su, Cuiwei Zhang, Cuiying Pei, Weizheng Cao, Qi Wang, Yi Zhao, Lingling Gao, Shihao Zhu, Mingxin Zhang, Yulin Chen, Youguo Shi, Gang Li, Yanpeng Qi
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Lattice and electronic structure of ScN observed by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy measurements

Applied Physics Letters AIP Publishing 121:18 (2022) 182102

Authors:

Hayder A Al-Atabi, Xiaotian Zhang, Shanmei He, Cheng chen, Yulin Chen, Eli Rotenberg, James H Edgar
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Optical microscope with a large tilt angle and a long focal length for a nano-size angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy.

Optics Express Optica Publishing Group 30:22 (2022) 40809-40819

Authors:

Chenyang Yue, Hong Jiang, Chuan Guo, Tianzhi Li, Siyan Yao, Shuo Zhang, Dan Zhang, Shengyue Zeng, Meixiao Wang, Xiaojun Xu, Yulin Chen, Chaofan Zhang
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Liquefied petroleum gas or biomass for cooking and effects on birth weight

New England Journal of Medicine Massachusetts Medical Society 387:19 (2022) 1735-1746

Authors:

Thomas F Clasen, Howard H Chang, Lisa M Thompson, Miles A Kirby, Kalpana Balakrishnan, Anaité Díaz-Artiga, John P McCracken, Ghislaine Rosa, Kyle Steenland, Ashley Younger, Yulin Chen, Vigneswari Aravindalochanan, Dana B Barr, Adly Castañaza, Marilú Chiang, Maggie L Clark, Sarada Garg, Stella Hartinger, Shirin Jabbarzadeh, Michael A Johnson, Dong-Yun Kim, Amy E Lovvorn, Eric D McCollum, Libny Monroy, Lawrence H Moulton, Alexie Mukeshimana, Krishnendu Mukhopadhyay, Luke P Naeher, Florien Ndagijimana, Aris Papageorghiou, Ricardo Piedrahita, Ajay Pillarisetti, Naveen Puttaswamy, Ashlinn Quinn, Usha Ramakrishnan, Sankar Sambandam, Sheela S Sinharoy, Gurusamy Thangavel, Lindsay J Underhill, Lance A Waller, Jiantong Wang, Kendra N Williams, Joshua P Rosenthal, William Checkley, Jennifer L Peel

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Exposure during pregnancy to household air pollution caused by the burning of solid biomass fuel is associated with adverse health outcomes, including low birth weight. Whether the replacement of a biomass cookstove with a liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) cookstove would result in an increase in birth weight is unclear.

METHODS: We performed a randomized, controlled trial involving pregnant women (18 to <35 years of age and at 9 to <20 weeks’ gestation as confirmed on ultrasonography) in Guatemala, India, Peru, and Rwanda. The women were assigned in a 1:1 ratio to use a free LPG cookstove and fuel (intervention group) or to continue using a biomass cookstove (control group). Birth weight, one of four prespecified primary outcomes, was the primary outcome for this report; data for the other three outcomes are not yet available. Birth weight was measured within 24 hours after birth. In addition, 24-hour personal exposures to fine particulate matter (particles with a diameter of ≤2.5 μm [PM2.5]), black carbon, and carbon monoxide were measured at baseline and twice during pregnancy.

RESULTS: A total of 3200 women underwent randomization; 1593 were assigned to the intervention group, and 1607 to the control group. Uptake of the intervention was nearly complete, with traditional biomass cookstoves being used at a median rate of less than 1 day per month. After randomization, the median 24-hour personal exposure to fine particulate matter was 23.9 μg per cubic meter in the intervention group and 70.7 μg per cubic meter in the control group. Among 3061 live births, a valid birth weight was available for 94.9% of the infants born to women in the intervention group and for 92.7% of infants born to those in the control group. The mean (±SD) birth weight was 2921±474.3 g in the intervention group and 2898±467.9 g in the control group, for an adjusted mean difference of 19.6 g (95% confidence interval, −10.1 to 49.2).

CONCLUSIONS: The birth weight of infants did not differ significantly between those born to women who used LPG cookstoves and those born to women who used biomass cookstoves. (Funded by the National Institutes of Health and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation; HAPIN ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02944682. opens in new tab.)

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