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Euclid: Early Release Observations – Programme overview and pipeline for compact- and diffuse-emission photometry

Astronomy & Astrophysics EDP Sciences 697 (2025) a6

Authors:

J-C Cuillandre, E Bertin, M Bolzonella, H Bouy, S Gwyn, S Isani, M Kluge, O Lai, A Lançon, DA Lang, R Laureijs, T Saifollahi, M Schirmer, C Stone, Abdurro’uf, N Aghanim, B Altieri, F Annibali, H Atek, P Awad, M Baes, E Bañados, D Barrado, S Belladitta, V Belokurov, A Boselli, F Bournaud, J Bovy, RAA Bowler, G Buenadicha, F Buitrago, M Cantiello, D Carollo, S Codis, MLM Collins, G Congedo, E Dalessandro, V de Lapparent, F De Paolis, JM Diego, P Dimauro, J Dinis, H Dole, P-A Duc, D Erkal, M Ezziati, AMN Ferguson, A Ferré-Mateu, A Franco, R Gavazzi, K George, W Gillard, JB Golden-Marx, B Goldman, AH Gonzalez, R Habas, WG Hartley, NA Hatch, R Kohley, J Hoar, JM Howell, LK Hunt, P Jablonka, M Jauzac, Y Kang, JH Knapen, J-P Kneib, R Kohley, PB Kuzma, SS Larsen, O Marchal, J Martín-Fleitas, P Marcos-Arenal, FR Marleau, EL Martín, D Massari, AW McConnachie, M Meneghetti, M Miluzio, J Miro Carretero, H Miyatake, M Mondelin, M Montes, A Mora, O Müller, C Nally, K Noeske, AA Nucita, PA Oesch, M Oguri, RF Peletier, M Poulain, L Quilley, GD Racca, M Rejkuba, J Rhodes, P-F Rocci, J Román, S Sacquegna, E Saremi, R Scaramella, E Schinnerer, S Serjeant, E Sola, JG Sorce, F Tarsitano, I Tereno, S Toft, C Tortora, M Urbano, A Venhola, K Voggel, JR Weaver, X Xu, M Žerjal, R Zöller, S Andreon, N Auricchio, C Baccigalupi, M Baldi, A Balestra, S Bardelli, A Basset, R Bender, C Bodendorf, E Branchini, S Brau-Nogue, M Brescia, J Brinchmann, S Camera, V Capobianco, C Carbone, J Carretero, S Casas, FJ Castander, M Castellano, S Cavuoti, A Cimatti, CJ Conselice, L Conversi, Y Copin, F Courbin, HM Courtois, M Cropper, J-G Cuby, A Da Silva, H Degaudenzi, AM Di Giorgio, M Douspis, CAJ Duncan, X Dupac, S Dusini, M Fabricius, M Farina, S Farrens, S Ferriol, P Fosalba, S Fotopoulou, M Frailis, E Franceschi, S Galeotta, B Garilli, B Gillis, C Giocoli, P Gómez-Alvarez, A Grazian, F Grupp, L Guzzo, SVH Haugan, J Hoar, H Hoekstra, W Holmes, I Hook, F Hormuth, A Hornstrup, P Hudelot, K Jahnke, M Jhabvala, E Keihänen, S Kermiche, A Kiessling, M Kilbinger, T Kitching, B Kubik, K Kuijken, M Kümmel, M Kunz, H Kurki-Suonio, O Lahav, P Liebing, S Ligori, PB Lilje, V Lindholm, I Lloro, D Maino, E Maiorano, O Mansutti, O Marggraf, K Markovic, N Martinet, F Marulli, R Massey, S Maurogordato, HJ McCracken, E Medinaceli, Y Mellier, G Meylan, JJ Mohr, M Moresco, L Moscardini, E Munari, R Nakajima, RC Nichol, S-M Niemi, C Padilla, S Paltani, F Pasian, JA Peacock, K Pedersen, WJ Percival, V Pettorino, S Pires, G Polenta, M Poncet, LA Popa, L Pozzetti, F Raison, R Rebolo, A Refregier, A Renzi, G Riccio, Hans-Walter Rix, E Romelli, M Roncarelli, E Rossetti, R Saglia, D Sapone, P Schneider, T Schrabback, A Secroun, G Seidel, S Serrano, P Simon, C Sirignano, G Sirri, J Skottfelt, L Stanco, P Tallada-Crespí, AN Taylor, HI Teplitz, R Toledo-Moreo, A Tsyganov, I Tutusaus, EA Valentijn, L Valenziano, T Vassallo, G Verdoes Kleijn, Y Wang, J Weller, OR Williams, G Zamorani, E Zucca, C Burigana, P Casenove, V Scottez, D Scott
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Euclid: Early Release Observations – NISP-only sources and the search for luminous z = 6–8 galaxies

Astronomy & Astrophysics EDP Sciences 697 (2025) a16

Authors:

JR Weaver, S Taamoli, CJR McPartland, L Zalesky, N Allen, S Toft, DB Sanders, H Atek, RAA Bowler, D Stern, CJ Conselice, B Mobasher, I Szapudi, PRM Eisenhardt, G Murphree, I Valdes, K Ito, S Belladitta, PA Oesch, S Serjeant, DJ Mortlock, NA Hatch, M Kluge, B Milvang-Jensen, G Rodighiero, E Bañados, JM Diego, R Gavazzi, G Congedo, M Shuntov, H Dole, P-F Rocci, T Saifollahi, M Miluzio, M Ezziati, ACN Hughes, J-C Cuillandre, R Laureijs, S Paltani, M Schirmer, C Stone, N Aghanim, B Altieri, A Amara, S Andreon, N Auricchio, M Baldi, A Balestra, S Bardelli, R Bender, C Bodendorf, D Bonino, E Branchini, M Brescia, J Brinchmann, S Camera, V Capobianco, C Carbone, VF Cardone, J Carretero, S Casas, FJ Castander, M Castellano, S Cavuoti, A Cimatti, L Conversi, Y Copin, L Corcione, F Courbin, HM Courtois, A Da Silva, H Degaudenzi, AM Di Giorgio, J Dinis, M Douspis, F Dubath, X Dupac, A Ealet, M Farina, S Farrens, S Ferriol, S Fotopoulou, M Frailis, E Franceschi, P Franzetti, S Galeotta, W Gillard, B Gillis, C Giocoli, P Gómez-Alvarez, A Grazian, F Grupp, L Guzzo, SVH Haugan, J Hoar, H Hoekstra, W Holmes, I Hook, F Hormuth, A Hornstrup, P Hudelot, K Jahnke, M Jhabvala, E Keihänen, S Kermiche, A Kiessling, T Kitching, B Kubik, M Kümmel, M Kunz, H Kurki-Suonio, O Lahav, D Le Mignant, S Ligori, PB Lilje, V Lindholm, I Lloro, D Maino, E Maiorano, O Mansutti, O Marggraf, K Markovic, N Martinet, F Marulli, R Massey, DC Masters, S Maurogordato, HJ McCracken, E Medinaceli, S Mei, M Melchior, Y Mellier, M Meneghetti, E Merlin, G Meylan, JJ Mohr, M Moresco, L Moscardini, R Nakajima, RC Nichol, S-M Niemi, C Padilla, F Pasian, K Pedersen, WJ Percival, V Pettorino, S Pires, G Polenta, M Poncet, LA Popa, L Pozzetti, F Raison, A Renzi, J Rhodes, G Riccio, E Romelli, M Roncarelli, E Rossetti, R Saglia, D Sapone, P Schneider, T Schrabback, A Secroun, G Seidel, S Serrano, C Sirignano, G Sirri, L Stanco, P Tallada-Crespí, AN Taylor, HI Teplitz, I Tereno, R Toledo-Moreo, I Tutusaus, L Valenziano, T Vassallo, A Veropalumbo, Y Wang, J Weller, E Zucca, C Burigana, G Castignani, Z Sakr, V Scottez, M Viel, P Simon, J Martín-Fleitas, D Scott
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Euclid: Early Release Observations – A preview of the Euclid era through a galaxy cluster magnifying lens

Astronomy & Astrophysics EDP Sciences 697 (2025) a15

Authors:

H Atek, R Gavazzi, JR Weaver, JM Diego, T Schrabback, NA Hatch, N Aghanim, H Dole, WG Hartley, S Taamoli, G Congedo, Y Jimenez-Teja, J-C Cuillandre, E Bañados, S Belladitta, RAA Bowler, M Franco, M Jauzac, G Mahler, J Richard, P-F Rocci, S Serjeant, S Toft, D Abriola, P Bergamini, A Biviano, P Dimauro, M Ezziati, JB Golden-Marx, C Grillo, ACN Hughes, Y Kang, J-P Kneib, M Lombardi, GA Mamon, CJR McPartland, M Meneghetti, H Miyatake, M Montes, DJ Mortlock, PA Oesch, N Okabe, P Rosati, AN Taylor, F Tarsitano, J Weller, M Kluge, R Laureijs, S Paltani, T Saifollahi, M Schirmer, C Stone, A Mora, B Altieri, A Amara, S Andreon, N Auricchio, M Baldi, A Balestra, S Bardelli, A Basset, R Bender, C Bodendorf, D Bonino, E Branchini, M Brescia, J Brinchmann, S Camera, GP Candini, V Capobianco, C Carbone, VF Cardone, J Carretero, S Casas, FJ Castander, M Castellano, S Cavuoti, A Cimatti, CJ Conselice, L Conversi, Y Copin, L Corcione, F Courbin, HM Courtois, A Da Silva, H Degaudenzi, AM Di Giorgio, J Dinis, M Douspis, F Dubath, X Dupac, S Dusini, A Ealet, M Farina, S Farrens, S Ferriol, S Fotopoulou, M Frailis, E Franceschi, S Galeotta, W Gillard, B Gillis, C Giocoli, P Gómez-Alvarez, A Grazian, F Grupp, L Guzzo, M Hailey, SVH Haugan, J Hoar, H Hoekstra, MS Holliman, W Holmes, I Hook, F Hormuth, A Hornstrup, P Hudelot, K Jahnke, M Jhabvala, E Keihänen, S Kermiche, A Kiessling, T Kitching, R Kohley, B Kubik, K Kuijken, M Kümmel, M Kunz, H Kurki-Suonio, O Lahav, D Le Mignant, S Ligori, PB Lilje, V Lindholm, I Lloro, D Maino, E Maiorano, O Mansutti, O Marggraf, K Markovic, N Martinet, F Marulli, R Massey, S Maurogordato, HJ McCracken, S Mei, Y Mellier, E Merlin, G Meylan, M Moresco, L Moscardini, R Nakajima, RC Nichol, S-M Niemi, C Padilla, K Paech, F Pasian, JA Peacock, K Pedersen, WJ Percival, V Pettorino, S Pires, G Polenta, M Poncet, LA Popa, L Pozzetti, F Raison, A Renzi, J Rhodes, G Riccio, E Romelli, M Roncarelli, R Saglia, D Sapone, P Schneider, A Secroun, G Seidel, S Serrano, C Sirignano, G Sirri, J Skottfelt, L Stanco, P Tallada-Crespí, HI Teplitz, I Tereno, R Toledo-Moreo, I Tutusaus, L Valenziano, T Vassallo, G Verdoes Kleijn, A Veropalumbo, Y Wang, E Zucca, C Baccigalupi, C Burigana, G Castignani, Z Sakr, V Scottez, M Viel, P Simon, D Stern, J Martín-Fleitas, D Scott
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The kinematic contribution to the cosmic number count dipole

Astronomy & Astrophysics EDP Sciences 697 (2025) a112

Authors:

JD Wagenveld, S von Hausegger, H-R Klöckner, DJ Schwarz
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Euclid

Astronomy & Astrophysics EDP Sciences 697 (2025) ARTN A2

Authors:

Ms Cropper, A Al-Bahlawan, J Amiaux, S Awan, R Azzollini, K Benson, M Berthe, J Boucher, E Bozzo, C Brockley-Blatt, Gp Candini, C Cara, Ra Chaudery, Re Cole, P Danto, J Denniston, Am Di Giorgio, B Dryer, J-P Dubois, J Endicott, M Farina, E Galli, L Genolet, Jpd Gow, P Guttridge, M Hailey, D Hall, C Harper, H Hoekstra, Ad Holland, B Horeau, D Hu, Re James, A Khalil, R King, T Kitching, R Kohley, C Larcheveque, A Lawrenson, P Liebing, Sj Liu, J Martignac, R Massey, Hj McCracken, L Miller, N Murray, R Nakajima, S-M Niemi, Jw Nightingale, S Paltani

Abstract:

This paper presents the specification, design, and development of the Visible Camera (VIS) on the European Space Agency’s Euclid mission. VIS is a large optical-band imager with a field of view of 0.54 deg2 sampled at 000 . 1 with an array of 609 Megapixels and a spatial resolution of 000 . 18. It will be used to survey approximately 14 000 deg2 of extragalactic sky to measure the distortion of galaxies in the redshift range z = 0.1–1.5 resulting from weak gravitational lensing, one of the two principal cosmology probes leveraged by Euclid. With photometric redshifts, the distribution of dark matter can be mapped in three dimensions, and the extent to which this has changed with look-back time can be used to constrain the nature of dark energy and theories of gravity. The entire VIS focal plane will be transmitted to provide the largest images of the Universe from space to date, specified to reach mAB ≥ 24.5 with a signal-to-noise ratio S/N ≥ 10 in a single broad IE ≃ (r + i + z) band over a six-year survey. The particularly challenging aspects of the instrument are the control and calibration of observational biases, which lead to stringent performance requirements and calibration regimes. With its combination of spatial resolution, calibration knowledge, depth, and area covering most of the extra-Galactic sky, VIS will also provide a legacy data set for many other fields. This paper discusses the rationale behind the conception of VIS and describes the instrument design and development, before reporting the prelaunch performance derived from ground calibrations and brief results from the in-orbit commissioning. VIS should reach fainter than mAB = 25 with S/N ≥ 10 for galaxies with a full width at half maximum of 000 . 3 in a 100 . 3 diameter aperture over the Wide Survey, and mAB ≥ 26.4 for a Deep Survey that will cover more than 50 deg2. The paper also describes how the instrument works with the Euclid telescope and survey, and with the science data processing, to extract the cosmological information.
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